A model for navigation experience sharing through social navigation networks (SoNavNets)

Author(s):  
Hassan A. Karimi ◽  
Jessica G. Benner ◽  
Mohd Anwar
Africa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-269
Author(s):  
Sarah C. White ◽  
Shreya Jha

AbstractThis article explores the movement of children between households in Zambia as a site of ‘moral navigation’. Moral navigation extends Henrik Vigh's concept of social navigation from contexts of conflict and migration to more socially stable contexts in which well-being depends critically on people's ability to manage relationships. The live, dynamic and mobile character of these relationships means that they require active, real-time cultivation and response. While having practical objectives, these negotiations are also moral, articulated with ideas of what ought to be, and seeking to fulfil sometimes competing ethical projects. Life history interviews present three main perspectives: recollections of times in childhood spent away from birth parents; birth parents’ reflections on having a child living with others; and adults’ accounts of taking in other people's children. Strong norms of kinship unity and solidarity notwithstanding, in practice terms of engagement are differentiated through gender, marital, social and economic status, plus relational and geographical proximity. The pursuit of personal benefit contains the seeds of both contradiction and convergence with the collective good, as a relational understanding of moral selves sees one's own gain as proper, rightful and virtuous when it is realized in and through providing for others.


Author(s):  
Naomi van Stapele

AbstractStudying the aspirations of young men, in Mathare, Nairobi, highlights their social becoming in contexts in which they incessantly risk social and physical death. Taking aspiration as a relational concept brings into view the temporal and spatial interactions between different aspirations and how these connect to emerging and future pathways of these young men. The ensuing relationalities at play are analysed through their context-bound negotiations of dominant gender norms to elucidate how these inform their social navigation towards male respectability, now and in the future. Adding the dimension of positionality here is useful to bring out how individual negotiations of gender norms in space and over time allows a nuanced view on situated entanglements of aspirations, pathways and dominant discourses and how these convolute and intensify in particular decision-making processes. The analyses are based on longitudinal ethnographic research with youth gangs in Nairobi for four months annually on average since 2005.


Author(s):  
J. Yan ◽  
S. Zlatanova ◽  
A. A. Diakite

Abstract. Navigation is very critical for our daily life, especially when we have to go through the unfamiliar areas where the spaces are very complex, such as completely bounded (indoor), partially bounded (semi-indoor and/or semi-outdoor), entirely open (outdoor), or combined. Current navigation systems commonly offer the shortest distance/time path, but it is not always appropriate for some situations. For instance, on a rainy day, a path with as many places that are covered by roofs/shelters is more attractive. However, current navigation systems cannot provide such kinds of navigation paths, which can be explained by that they lack information about such roofed/sheltered-covered spaces. This paper proposes two roofed/sheltered navigation path options by employing semi-indoor spaces in the navigation map: (i) the Most-Top-Covered path (MTC-path) and (ii) path to the Nearest sI-space from departure (NSI-path). A path selection strategy is introduced to help pedestrians in making choices between the two new path options and the traditional shortest path. We demonstrate and validate the research with path planning on two navigation cases. The results show the two path options and the path selection strategy bring in new navigation experience for humans.


2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
Gintaras Simutis ◽  
Mantas Drungilas ◽  
Pavel Petrik ◽  
Eglė Petrik ◽  
Virgilijus Beiša ◽  
...  

Background / objectiveThe study was carried out to evaluate the potential use of laparoscopic simulators to enhance basic laparoscopic skills until proficiency is reached.Materials and methodsThe study participants were divided into two groups according to their experience in laparoscopic procedures: no prior experience (group A; n = 16) and laparoscope navigation experience (group B; n = 16). All the participants performed nineattempts of three basic laparoscopic skill tasks (“Instrument navigation”, “Cutting”, “Clip applying”) on the LapSim® simulator during three sessions within one month. The distribution of practice sessions was standardized by performing three attemptsfor each task per session and no more than one session per week. The assessment of laparoscopic skills was based on the cumulative score for each task measured by the computer system.ResultsTrainees in the group A were younger (22.2 ± 1.3 vs. 26.1 ± 1.3 years, P < 0.001). There were statistically significant differences in cumulative scores for all three tasks after the first five attempts between the two groups (P < 0.001). Comparison of thecumulative scores for the task “Instrument navigation” after the sixth attempt (P = 0.073), for the task “Clip applying” after the seventh attempt (P = 0.287), and for the task “Cutting” after the eighth attempt (P = 0.080) showed no significant differences among the study groups.ConclusionsThe results indicated that a group of trainees with no prior laparoscopic experience acquired the basic laparoscopic skills significantly faster. Proficiency in the laparoscopic basic tasks was achieved within 6–8 repetitions in both groups. These findings suggest that training of practical skills in using laparoscopic simulators should be integrated into medical education much earlier.Key words: surgical education, simulation, laparoscopy, virtual reality simulator, LapSimBazinių laparoskopinių įgūdžių įgijimas studijuojant mediciną TikslasAtlikti tyrimą, siekiant įvertinti kompiuterinių laparoskopinių simuliatorių naudojimą medicinos studijoms mokant pagrindinių laparoskopinių operacijų įgūdžių, kol bus įgyta reikiama patirtis.MetodikaTyrimo dalyviai pagal patirtį buvo suskirstyti į dvi grupes: vienos grupės tiriamieji neturėjo jokios išankstinės laparoskopinių operacijų patirties (A grupė, n=16), o kitos grupės turėjo tik navigacijos laparoskopu patirties (B grupė, n=16). Visi dalyviai pertrejas pratybas su laparoskopiniu virtualiu simuliatoriumi LapSim® atliko trijų pagrindinių laparoskopinių užduočių („Instrumentų navigacija“, „Pjovimas“, „Kabučių uždėjimas“) devynis bandymus. Kiekvieną užsiėmimą atskira užduotis buvo kartojamatris kartus, o užsiėmimas vyko ne dažniau nei kartą per savaitę. Vertintas galutinis užduoties rezultatas. Laparoskopinių operacijų įgūdžiai vertinti kompiuterine sistema pagal išvestinį kaupiamąjį kiekvienos užduoties balą.RezultataiA grupės dalyviai buvo jaunesni (22,2±1,3 vs. 26,1±1,3 metų, p<0,001). Išanalizavus visų trijų užduočių kaupiamuosius balus po pirmųjų penkių bandymų, abi grupės skyrėsi statistiškai reikšmingai (p<0,001). Tyrimą tęsiant ir lyginant išvestinį kaupiamąjįbalą atliekant užduotį „Instrumentų navigacija“ po šešto bandymo (p=0,073), užduotį „Kabučių uždėjimas“ po septinto bandymo (p=0,287), užduotį „Pjovimas“ po aštunto bandymo (p = 0,080), jokių reikšmingų skirtumų tarp tiriamų grupių nerasta.IšvadosTyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad net be laparoskopinių operacijų patirties tokių operacijų pagrindinius įgūdžius laparoskopiniu simuliatoriumi įgyjama greičiau. Chirurginės simuliacijos užduočių kartojimas iki 6–8 bandymų leidžia įgyti gerus pagrindiniųlaparoskopinių operacijų įgūdžius. Šie rezultatai rodo, kad praktinių įgūdžių mokymas naudojant laparoskopinį simuliatorių turėtų būti įtrauktas į medicinos studijų programą.Reikšminiai žodžiai: chirurgijos studijos, simuliacija, laparoskopija, virtualios realybės simuliatorius, LapSim.


Author(s):  
Fiftarina Puspitasari ◽  
Ee-Peng Lim ◽  
Dion Hoe-Lian Goh ◽  
Chew-Hung Chang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
...  

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