Secure Information Processing during System-Level: Exploration of an Optimized Trojan Secured Datapath for CDFGs during HLS Based on User Constraints

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirban Sengupta ◽  
Saumya Bhadauria
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
System Level ◽  
Secure Information

scholarly journals A new measure of group decision-making efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Ju Hsieh ◽  
Mario Fifić ◽  
Cheng-Ta Yang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
System Level ◽  
Workload Capacity ◽  
Individual Decisions ◽  
Collective Benefit

Abstract It has widely been accepted that aggregating group-level decisions is superior to individual decisions. As compared to individuals, groups tend to show a decision advantage in their response accuracy. However, there has been a lack of research exploring whether group decisions are more efficient than individual decisions with a faster information-processing speed. To investigate the relationship between accuracy and response time (RT) in group decision-making, we applied systems’ factorial technology, developed by Townsend and Nozawa (Journal of Mathematical Psychology 39, 321–359, 1995) and regarded as a theory-driven methodology, to study the information-processing properties. More specifically, we measured the workload capacity CAND(t), which only considers the correct responses, and the assessment function of capacity AAND(t), which considers the speed-accuracy trade-off, to make a strong inference about the system-level processing efficiency. A two-interval, forced-choice oddball detection task, where participants had to detect which interval contains an odd target, was conducted in Experiment 1. Then, in Experiment 2, a yes/no Gabor detection task was adopted, where participants had to detect the presence of a Gabor patch. Our results replicated previous findings using the accuracy-based measure: Group detection sensitivity was better than the detection sensitivity of the best individual, especially when the two individuals had similar detection sensitivities. On the other hand, both workload capacity measures, CAND(t) and AAND(t), showed evidence of supercapacity processing, thus suggesting a collective benefit. The ordered relationship between accuracy-based and RT-based collective benefit was limited to the AAND(t) of the correct and fast responses, which may help uncover the processing mechanism behind collective benefits. Our results suggested that AAND(t), which combines both accuracy and RT into inferences, can be regarded as a novel and diagnostic tool for studying the group decision-making process.

scholarly journals Adaptive Local Information Transfer in Random Boolean Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taichi Haruna
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Mean Field Theory ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Boolean Networks ◽  
Local Information ◽  
System Level ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Random Boolean Networks

Living systems such as gene regulatory networks and neuronal networks have been supposed to work close to dynamical criticality, where their information-processing ability is optimal at the whole-system level. We investigate how this global information-processing optimality is related to the local information transfer at each individual-unit level. In particular, we introduce an internal adjustment process of the local information transfer and examine whether the former can emerge from the latter. We propose an adaptive random Boolean network model in which each unit rewires its incoming arcs from other units to balance stability of its information processing based on the measurement of the local information transfer pattern. First, we show numerically that random Boolean networks can self-organize toward near dynamical criticality in our model. Second, the proposed model is analyzed by a mean-field theory. We recognize that the rewiring rule has a bootstrapping feature. The stationary indegree distribution is calculated semi-analytically and is shown to be close to dynamical criticality in a broad range of model parameter values.

Schema Theory: An Information Processing Model of Perception and Cognition

1973 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1248-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Axelrod
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
System Level ◽  
Information Processing Model ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Dynamic Description ◽  
Selection Of

The world is complex, and yet people are able to make some sense out of it. This paper offers an information-processing model to describe this aspect of perception and cognition. The model assumes that a person receives information which is less than perfect in terms of its completeness, its accuracy, and its reliability. The model provides a dynamic description of how a person evaluates this kind of information about a case, how he selects one of his pre-existing patterns (called schemata) with which to interpret the case, and how he uses the interpretation to modify and extend his beliefs about the case. It also describes how this process allows the person to make the internal adjustments which will serve as feedback for the interpretation of future information. A wide variety of evidence from experimental and social psychology is cited to support the decisions which went into constructing the separate parts of the schema theory, and further evidence is cited supporting the theory's system-level predictions. Since the schema theory allows for (but does not assume) the optimization of its parameters, it is also used as a framework for a normative analysis of the selection of schemata. Finally, a few illustrations from international relations and especially foreign-policy formation show that this model of how people make sense out of a complex world can be directly relevant to the study of important political processes.

scholarly journals A mechanism for learning with sleep spindles

2020 ◽  
Vol 375 (1799) ◽  
pp. 20190230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Peyrache ◽  
Julie Seibt
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Neuronal Plasticity ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
System Level ◽  
Sleep Spindles ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Internal Information ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Feed Forward Inhibition

Spindles are ubiquitous oscillations during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. A growing body of evidence points to a possible link with learning and memory, and the underlying mechanisms are now starting to be unveiled. Specifically, spindles are associated with increased dendritic activity and high intracellular calcium levels, a situation favourable to plasticity, as well as with control of spiking output by feed-forward inhibition. During spindles, thalamocortical networks become unresponsive to inputs, thus potentially preventing interference between memory-related internal information processing and extrinsic signals. At the system level, spindles are co-modulated with other major NREM oscillations, including hippocampal sharp wave-ripples (SWRs) and neocortical slow waves, both previously shown to be associated with learning and memory. The sequential occurrence of reactivation at the time of SWRs followed by neuronal plasticity-promoting spindles is a possible mechanism to explain NREM sleep-dependent consolidation of memories. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Memory reactivation: replaying events past, present and future'.

Language processing is not a race against time

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giosuè Baggio ◽  
Carmelo M. Vicario
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Language System ◽  
Moderating Factors

AbstractWe agree with Christiansen & Chater (C&C) that language processing and acquisition are tightly constrained by the limits of sensory and memory systems. However, the human brain supports a range of cognitive functions that mitigate the effects of information processing bottlenecks. The language system is partly organised around these moderating factors, not just around restrictions on storage and computation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document