A three-dimensional radar backscatter model for larch forest using L-system

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifeng Guo ◽  
Guoqing Sun ◽  
Zhongjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Larch Forest ◽  
Radar Backscatter ◽  
L System

NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE TUNNELING AND TIME ANALYSIS OF LOW-ENERGY NUCLEAR PROCESSES

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 1212-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. OLKHOVSKY ◽  
M. E. DOLINSKA ◽  
S. A. OMELCHENKO ◽  
M. V. ROMANIUK
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Multiple Reflections ◽  
New Developments ◽  
L System ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Nuclear Processes

The new applications of the three-dimensional tunnelling and time analysis to low-energy nuclear processes are presented. The three-dimensional tunnelling is strictly quantum-mechanical and considers the internal multiple reflections. The time analysis of the nucleon-nucleons scattering near a resonance, distorted by the non-resonant background, does show the solution in the L -system of the paradox of the delay-advance in the C -system.

Research on Motion Model of “Wind-Blowing & Trees-Swinging” and “Leaves-Falling & Branches-Broken” Based on Fractal Theory

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 2139-2143
Author(s):  
Hua Qun Liu ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Liu Ping Feng
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Wind Model ◽  
Model Trees ◽  
L System ◽  
Natural Wind

Fractal technology can simulate the growth of trees very well.There have been many research on using fractal theory to model trees,but most methods have not further explore the tree’s natural phenomena such as swinging driven by wind Firstly, this paper gave a modeling method to generate the trees based on the three-dimensional fractal L system; Secondly, according to the hierarchy of the strength characteristics of the wind and trees progression, this paper also gave the wind model to simulate the natural wind farm.In the end , this paper made some simulation about the model of “Wind-Blowing & Tree-Swing and Leaves-Falling & Braches-Broken” .

Research on the Construction and Visualization of a Three-Dimensional Model of Rice Root Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-857
Author(s):  
Le   Yang ◽  
Panpan   Wu ◽  
Suyong   Yang ◽  
Peng   Shao
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Rice Root ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Rice Roots ◽  
L System ◽  
Growth Laws ◽  
Dynamic Growth

HighlightsThis article proposes a three-dimensional rice root growth model based on the differential L-system.We tested the accuracy of the model output, and the measured values and the simulated values were compared.A three-dimensional visualization of the growth simulation system was implemented, and the dynamic growth process of rice roots was visually reproduced.Abstract. Three-dimensional visualization studies on the morphological characteristics of rice root systems are important for improving farmland management and for the selective breeding and genetic improvement of rice. To clarify the rules governing the structure and distribution of rice roots, the three-dimensional (3D) coordinates and morphological parameters of rice roots were measured in hydroponic experiments at different growing periods, and the rice root structure was measured with a high degree of accuracy. The initial position, growth direction, and rate were then determined via statistical analysis of the data. In this article, a 3D rice root growth model based on the differential L-system is proposed; in this system, the biological characteristics based on the topological structure and the actual growth laws of rice roots are quantified. We adopted the growing degree day (GDD) as the driving factor that describes the growth law of rice roots and tested the accuracy of the model output. In this model, a 3D visualization of the growth simulation system of rice roots is implemented via Visual C++ and the OpenGL standard library on the basis of algorithms for the constructed 3D rice root growth model. The model output realistically recreates the dynamic growth process of rice roots under different conditions. A large amount of experimental data and comparative analysis show that the average accuracies achieved by the proposed system concerning total root length, root surface area and root volume are 96.95%, 95.97%, and 93.98%, respectively. These results verify the high reliability of the constructed model and the effective simulation of the morphological characteristics and growth laws of rice roots at different growth periods, laying the foundation for future research on the laws of changes in morphological structure and the physiological and ecological factors of rice roots at different growth stages. Keywords: Differential L-system, Rice roots, Simulation, Three-dimensional growth model, Visualization.

Three-Dimensional Simulation of Virtual Plants Branch Structure Based on Quasi Binary-Tree and L System

2014 ◽  
Vol 1049-1050 ◽  
pp. 1650-1653
Author(s):  
Ying Ying Yin
Keyword(s):  
Binary Tree ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tree Structure ◽  
New Method ◽  
L System ◽  
Dimensional Simulation ◽  
Binary Tree Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

In order to simulate the plant branch structure in three-dimensional space, and extract the growth more efficiently, this paper presented a new method to simulate the structure of plant branch based on quasi binary-tree structure and three-dimensional L system. The results of the actual trees simulation shows that this method can describe the plants branch structure efficiently and provide a new way for the simulation of plants.

Coordination compounds of Hg22+: The crystal structure of Tetrakis-(4-benzylpyridine)dimercury(I) perchlorate

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2647 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Coordination Number ◽  
Coordination Compounds ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Type ◽  
Donor Ligands ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
L System ◽  
Fourier Techniques ◽  
The Stability

Crystals of tetrakis(4-benzylpyridine)dimercury(I) perchlorate, [Hg2(C12H11N)4]2, (ClO4)2, are monoclinic,a 11.729(1) Ǻ, b 10.896(1) Ǻ, c 18.392(2) Ǻ, β 96.20(1)�, space group P21/c with Z = 2 dimeric formula units. The structure was solved from three-dimensional diffractometer data (2744 independent reflections) by Patterson and Fourier techniques. Block-diagonal least-squares refinement of all non-hydrogen atoms converged at R 0.039, Rw 0.053. The mercury atoms in the centrosymmetric cation are three-coordinate with Hg-Hg 2.5084(7), Hg-N 2.227(7), 2.476(7) Ǻ. The Hg-Hg-N angles are 153.9� and 118.4� respectively. The perchlorate ions span the Hg-Hg bond with long Hg-O contacts of 2.899 and 3.026 Ǻ. This is a new structural type for dimercury(1) coordination compounds. The distortion of the usually linear L-Hg-Hg-L system with the increase in coordination number of the mercury atoms appears to be related to the stability of dimercury(I) complexes with moderately basic N-donor ligands.

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