Optical imaging method with voltage-sensitive dye as a tool to explore learning rules acting in synaptic strength change upon burst stimulation in area CA1 of rat hippocampal slices

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tominaga ◽  
Y. Tominaga ◽  
M. Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Synaptic Strength ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
Voltage Sensitive Dye ◽  
Strength Change ◽  
Learning Rules ◽  
Area Ca1

Optical Imaging of Long-Lasting Depolarization on Burst Stimulation in Area CA1 of Rat Hippocampal Slices

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 1523-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tominaga ◽  
Yoko Tominaga ◽  
Michinori Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Tetanic Stimulation ◽  
Intracellular Recordings ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
Spike Generation ◽  
Optical Signals ◽  
Area Ca1

Postsynaptic depolarization of dendrites paired with spike generation at the soma is considered to be a central mechanism of long-term potentiation (LTP) induction and a prime example of a Hebbian synapse. This pairing, however, has never been actually demonstrated on tetanic stimulation. Optical imaging of neural activity with a voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) is one potentially suitable method for examining this pairing. It is possible with optical recording to examine simultaneously the excitation of postsynaptic neurons at multiple sites. Thus the pairing of spike generation at the soma and dendritic depolarization can be examined with population level optical recording in highly laminar structures such as the hippocampal slice preparation. For example, one can correlate the optical signals obtained from cell layers with the activity of the soma, and, similarly, optical signals from stratum radiatum can be correlated with the activity of the apical dendrite, even though one cannot calibrate the optical signals in terms of actual membrane potential. Using the VSD aminonaphthylethenylpyridinium in rat hippocampal slices, we aimed to examine the pairing. Standard tetanic stimulation (100 Hz, 1 s) that elicited LTP in the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) resulted in a long-lasting depolarizing optical signal (about 2 s) that spread progressively along the known input pathway of CA1. The time course of this long-lasting depolarization was similar to that recorded intracellularly and to that reflected in the fEPSP. The long-lasting depolarization was insensitive tod,l-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (d,l-APV, 50 μM), but d,l-APV inhibited the induction of LTP; this allowed us to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical signal by averaging several trials. Using this improved optical signal, we confirmed that postsynaptic cells practically “missed” spikes during tetanic stimulation in most parts of CA1, which had been suggested in the intracellular recordings. Intracellular recordings revealed a 23% reduction in input resistance, which might explain the failed spike generation at the soma via shunting. A steep spatial convergence of the depolarization along the transverse axis of area CA1 was observed. In contrast to the response resulting from a standard 100-Hz tetanus, broader activation, and paired depolarization with somatic spikes was observed on θ-burst stimulation. Overall we concluded that postsynaptic spike generation, at least in synchronous form, has less effect on LTP induction with standard tetanic stimulation, while θ-burst tetanic stimulation can elicit pairing of dendritic depolarization and somatic discharge.

scholarly journals Augmenting saturated LTP by broadly spaced episodes of theta-burst stimulation in hippocampal area CA1 of adult rats and mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (8) ◽  
pp. 1916-1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan Cao ◽  
Kristen M. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Theta Burst Stimulation ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Area Ca1 ◽  
Hippocampal Area ◽  
Theta Burst

Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is a model system for studying cellular mechanisms of learning and memory. Recent interest in mechanisms underlying the advantage of spaced over massed learning has prompted investigation into the effects of distributed episodes of LTP induction. The amount of LTP induced in hippocampal area CA1 by one train (1T) of theta-burst stimulation (TBS) in young Sprague-Dawley rats was further enhanced by additional bouts of 1T given at 1-h intervals. However, in young Long-Evans (LE) rats, 1T did not initially saturate LTP. Instead, a stronger LTP induction paradigm using eight trains of TBS (8T) induced saturated LTP in hippocampal slices from both young and adult LE rats as well as adult mice. The saturated LTP induced by 8T could be augmented by another episode of 8T following an interval of at least 90 min. The success rate across animals and slices in augmenting LTP by an additional episode of 8T increased significantly with longer intervals between the first and last episodes, ranging from 0% at 30- and 60-min intervals to 13–66% at 90- to 180-min intervals to 90–100% at 240-min intervals. Augmentation above initially saturated LTP was blocked by the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist d-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (d-APV). These findings suggest that the strength of induction and interval between episodes of TBS, as well as the strain and age of the animal, are important components in the augmentation of LTP.

scholarly journals Time-Resolved Integrative Optical Imaging of Diffusion during Spreading Depression

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hrabe ◽  
S. Hrabetova
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Time Resolution ◽  
Spreading Depression ◽  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Diffusion Measurement ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Depression Wave

ABSTRACTAn improved version of Integrative Optical Imaging method has been developed which substantially increases the time resolution of diffusion measurements. We present a theory for Time-Resolved Integrative Optical Imaging (TR-IOI) that incorporates time-dependent effective diffusion coefficient in homogeneous anisotropic media and time-dependent nonspecific linear clearance. The method was applied to measure the very fast changes in extracellular diffusion that occur during spreading depression in rat hippocampal slices. We were able to achieve time resolution of approximately one second, an improvement of at least ten times compared to the standard methods for extracellular diffusion measurement. We have found that diffusion of a small fluorescent extracellular marker (MW 3000) completely stopped during the maximum DC shift associated with the spreading depression wave, then gradually resumed over several minutes afterward. The effect of spreading depression on extracellular space is much larger than previously estimated by other methods with lower time resolution.

Synaptic transmission during burst stimulation in area CA1 of rat hippocampal slices

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (supplement) ◽  
pp. S242
Author(s):  
T. Tominaga ◽  
Y. Tominaga ◽  
M. Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
Area Ca1

scholarly journals Activity-dependent regulation of synaptic strength by PSD-95 in CA1 neurons

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 1058-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
John E. Lisman
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Synaptic Strength ◽  
Ca1 Neurons ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate ◽  
Group I ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Activity Dependent

CaMKII and PSD-95 are the two most abundant postsynaptic proteins in the postsynaptic density (PSD). Overexpression of either can dramatically increase synaptic strength and saturate long-term potentiation (LTP). To do so, CaMKII must be activated, but the same is not true for PSD-95; expressing wild-type PSD-95 is sufficient. This raises the question of whether PSD-95's effects are simply an equilibrium process [increasing the number of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) slots] or whether activity is somehow involved. To examine this question, we blocked activity in cultured hippocampal slices with TTX and found that the effects of PSD-95 overexpression were greatly reduced. We next studied the type of receptors involved. The effects of PSD-95 were prevented by antagonists of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) but not by antagonists of ionotropic glutamate receptors. The inhibition of PSD-95-induced strengthening was not simply a result of inhibition of PSD-95 synthesis. To understand the mechanisms involved, we tested the role of CaMKII. Overexpression of a CaMKII inhibitor, CN19, greatly reduced the effect of PSD-95. We conclude that PSD-95 cannot itself increase synaptic strength simply by increasing the number of AMPAR slots; rather, PSD-95's effects on synaptic strength require an activity-dependent process involving mGluR and CaMKII.

scholarly journals An optical imaging method to monitor stem cell migration in a model of immune-mediated arthritis

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (26) ◽  
pp. 24403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Sutton ◽  
Sophie E. Boddington ◽  
Alexander J. Nedopil ◽  
Tobias D. Henning ◽  
Stavros G. Demos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Stem Cell Migration ◽  
Immune Mediated

1812 Optical imaging of neuronal activity with a voltage-sensitive dye in guinea pig piriform cortex in vitro

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. S199
Author(s):  
Michio Sugitani ◽  
Tokio Sugai ◽  
Manabu Tanifuji ◽  
Kazuyuki Murase ◽  
Norihiko Onoda
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Piriform Cortex ◽  
Voltage Sensitive Dye
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