Methodology of Regenerator Calculation for Use in Subcritical and Transcritical Organic Rankine Cycle for Low-Temperature Heat Recovery

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Guo ◽  
Huaixin Wang ◽  
Shengjun Zhang ◽  
Shihai Yin
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Temperature Heat

Low Temperature Heat Recovery Through Integration of Organic Rankine Cycle and CO2 Removal Systems in a NGCC

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Tola ◽  
Matthias Finkenrath
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from power plants utilizing fossil fuels is expected to become substantially more important in the near- to medium-term due to increasing costs associated to national and international greenhouse gas regulations, such as the Kyoto protocol and the European Union Emission Trading Scheme. However, since net efficiency penalties caused by capturing CO2 emissions from power plants are significant, measures to reduce or recover efficiency losses are of substantial interest. For a state-of-the-art 400 MW natural gas-fueled combined cycle (NGCC) power plant, post-combustion CO2 removal based on chemical solvents like amines is expected to reduce the net plant efficiency in the order of 9–12 percentage points at 90% overall CO2 capture. A first step that has been proposed earlier to improve the capture efficiency and reduce capture equipment costs for NGCC is exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). An alternative or complementary approach to increase the overall plant efficiency could be the recovery of available low temperature heat from the solvent-based CO2 removal systems and related process equipment. Low temperature heat is available in substantial quantities in flue gas coolers that are required upstream of the CO2 capture unit, and that are used for exhaust gas recirculation, if applied. Typical temperature levels are in the order of 80°C or up to 100 °C on the hot end. Additional low-grade heat sources are the amine condenser which operates at around 100–130 °C and the amine reboiler water cooling that could reach temperatures of up to 130–140°C. The thermal energy of these various sources could be utilized in a variety of low-temperature heat recovery systems. This paper evaluates heat recovery by means of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) that — in contrast to traditional steam Rankine cycles — is able to convert heat into electricity efficiently even at comparably low temperatures. By producing additional electrical power in the heat recovery system, the global performance of the power plant can be further improved. This study indicates a theoretical entitlement of up to additional 1–1.5 percentage points in efficiency that could be gained by integrating ORC technology with a post-combustion capture system for natural gas combined cycles. The analysis is based on fundamental thermodynamic analyses and does not include an engineering- or component-level design and feasibility analysis. Different ORC configurations have been considered for thermal energy recovery at varying temperature levels from the above-mentioned sources. The study focuses on simultaneous low-grade heat recovery in a single ORC loop. Heat recovery options that are discussed include in series, in parallel or cascaded arrangements of heat exchangers. Different organic operating fluids, including carbon dioxide, R245fa, and N-butane were considered for the analysis. The ORC performance was evaluated for the most promising organic working fluid by a parametric study. Optimum cycle operating temperatures and pressures were identified in order to evaluate the most efficient approach for low temperature heat recovery.

Expansion devices for organic Rankine cycle (ORC) using in low temperature heat recovery: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 111944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyang Zhao ◽  
Guangbin Liu ◽  
Liansheng Li ◽  
Qichao Yang ◽  
Bin Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Temperature Heat

Heat Recovery Using Organic Rankine Cycle

Vestnik MEI ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Dakkah Baydaa Bo ◽  
◽  
I′ldar A. Sultanguzin ◽  
Yuriy V. Yavorovsky ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Gear Pump ◽  
Temperature Heat

Heat losses in industrial processes can be divided into three sections (high-, medium-, and low-temperature heat), depending on the temperature of the exhaust gases. This heat is usually recovered either by heat exchangers or by a closed Rankine cycle. However, about 60% of low-temperature heat losses remain irreplaceable. Currently, the organic Rankine cycle has become a promising method of low-temperature energy recovery, and several theoretical studies on this topic have appeared, but a small number of experimental studies have been performed. In our work, we have built a 2 kW heat recovery laboratory test bench using tube-type heat exchangers, a gear pump and a turbo expander on the working fluid R141b. As a result, we found that the efficiency of the cycle increases as the boiling point and pressure increase, but an increase in overheating at the inlet of the expander leads to a decrease in efficiency due to the use of the working fluid R141b. At the inlet of the evaporator and the outlet of the condenser, respectively, overheating and supercooling of the working fluid occurs, which negatively affects the efficiency of the cycle. The amount of useful heat obtained was 45.4 W with an efficiency of 2.24%. as a result of low efficiency of the expander and pump, as well as leaks during the test. The development of an experimental test bench with working on organic Rankin cycle requires long-term research work and great scientific potential. In the future, it will be necessary to create a new test bench based on a deeper study, so that we can get a higher efficiency of the expander and pump, which would affect the efficiency of this cycle. Also, we need to replace the working fluid in the cycle with a more efficient one.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic analysis of a Carbon Carrier Cycle (CCC) for low temperature heat recovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Diego Micheli ◽  
Mauro Reini ◽  
Rodolfo Taccani
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Carbon Carrier ◽  
Temperature Heat

The aim of the paper is to study the thermodynamic behavior of a non-conventional power cycle, named Carbon Carrier Cycle (CCC), which is expected to obtain interesting performance with low temperature heat source. The CCC may be regarded as derived from an absorption machine, where an expander replaces the condenser, the throttling valve and the evaporator. The working fluid is a mixture of CO2 and a proper absorber. In the paper, the thermodynamic model of this kind of cycles is described, and the results obtained considering Acetone as the absorber are discussed. A first performance comparison is then conducted with a more conventional Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC).

MODELING OF AN ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE FOR LOW TEMPERATURE HEAT SOURCES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Batista Martins Lott ◽  
Arthur Pacheco Luz ◽  
João Arthur Daconti Silva ◽  
Cristiana Maia ◽  
Sergio Hanriot
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Temperature Heat

Multi-Vane Expanders as Prime Movers in Low-Grade Energy Engines

1986 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Badr ◽  
D Probert ◽  
P W O'Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Small Power ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Positive Displacement ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
Power Outputs

Multi-vane expanders possess many advantages, over turbines and other positive-displacement machines, as prime movers for low-grade energy engines of small power outputs. It has been found that the performances of such expanders can be improved considerably by optimizing their design and operating variables. For an organic Rankine-cycle engine, utilizing low-temperature heat as the input, a multi-vane expander with isentropic efficiencies exceeding 73 per cent at rotational speeds up to 3000 r/min was designed, built and demonstrated.

Recent Developments in Solar and Low-Temperature Heat Sources Assisted Power and Cooling Systems: A Design Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Tareq Chowdhury ◽  
Esmail M. A. Mokheimer
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Recent Developments

Abstract Even though the renewable technologies are getting a gradually increasing share of the energy industry, the momentum of its growth is far away from outweighing the dominance of fossil fuel. Due to the concern for ozone depletion, global warming, and many more environmental hazards caused by fossil fuels, it is essential to substitute the conventional energy sources with renewables. Since this replacement cannot be done overnight, the conventional energy technologies should be integrated with renewables to minimize the pace of adverse effects on fossil fuel–based industries in the meantime. This way, the industries can be more efficient by utilizing waste heat, which accounts for 50% of the total energy generated now. This review paper outlines the role of solar energy in the generation of power and cooling systems that are capable of utilizing low-temperature heat sources below 400 °C. The review is primarily concentrated on line-focused concentrated solar power (CSP)-assisted solar technologies to be integrated with organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and absorption cooling systems. Photovoltaic and similar multigeneration systems are also discussed in brief.

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