Health Risk Assessment of Carbon Tetrachloride Contamination on Human in a Water Supply Source

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xiang ◽  
Baoping Han ◽  
Xueqiang Zhu ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Aiqin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Supply Source

Risk assessment and management of drinking water pollutants in Korea

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 309-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung Yong ◽  
Shin Dongchun ◽  
Park Seongeun ◽  
Lim Yeongwook ◽  
Choi Yoonho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Water Pollutants

The contamination of drinking water supply is becoming an increasingly serious problem in Korea. In order to protect public health, there is a need to regulate drinking water pollutants. The purpose of this project, a national project for three years starting from 1992 to 1995, is to assess the health risk of pollutants in drinking water and recommend guidelines and management plans for maintaining good quality of drinking water. This study was conducted to monitor 80 species of chemicals including volatile organic compounds(VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), pesticides and metals in six major rivers and their distribution system for drinking water in Korea, and evaluate health risk due to exposure to these chemicals through four main steps of risk assessment in drinking water. In hazard identification, 80 species of chemicals were identified by the US EPA classification system. In their steps of exposure assessment, sampling of raw, treated and drinking water from the public water supply system have been conducted from 1993 to 1995, and 80 chemicals were analyzed. In dose-response assessment, cancer potencies, unit risk estimates and virtual safety doses of carcinogens were obtained by TOX-RISK, and reference doses and lifetime health advisories of noncarcinogens were calculated. Finally, in the risk characterization of detected chemicals, health risk due to exposure to carcinogens (weight of evidence, A or B) such as vinyl chloride, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, benzen, 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane, trihalomethanes(THMs), lead and arsenic of tap water in several cities exceeded 10−5 level. We suggest that non-regulated chemicals such as vinyl chloride, carbon tetrachloride and 1,2-dichloroethane should be monitored periodically and be regulated by the Drinking Water Management Act.

scholarly journals Health Risk Assessment of Exposure to Metals in a Nigerian Water Supply

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Olufemi Adewuyi ◽  
Ayotunde Titilayo Etchie ◽  
Tunde Ogbemi Etchie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Health Risk Assessment

scholarly journals GIS, Multivariate Statistics Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Water Supply Quality for Human Use in Central Mexico

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2196
Author(s):  
Leonel Hernández-Mena ◽  
María Guadalupe Panduro-Rivera ◽  
José de Jesús Díaz-Torres ◽  
Valeria Ojeda-Castillo ◽  
Jorge del Real-Olvera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Central Mexico

The spatial assessments of water supply quality from wells, springs, and surface bodies were performed during the dry and rainy seasons in six municipalities in the eastern regions of Michoacán (Central Mexico). Different physicochemical parameters were used to determine the supplies’ Water Quality Index (WQI); all of the communities presented good quality. The analysis indicates that many water quality parameters were within limits set by the international standards, showing levels of “excellent and good quality” according to WQI, mainly during the dry season (except at San Pedro Jácuaro and Irimbo communities in the rainy season). However, some sites showed “poor quality” and “unsuitable drinking water” related to low pH levels (<5) and high levels of turbidity, color, Fe, Al, Mn, and arsenic. Multivariate statistical analysis techniques (Principal Component and Hierarchical Cluster) and geographic information system (GIS) identify potential sources of water pollution and estimate the geographic extension of parameters with negative effects on human health (mainly in communities without sampling). According to multivariate analysis, the Na+/K+ ratio and water temperature (22–42 °C) in various sites suggest that the WQI values were affected by geological and geothermal conditions and physical changes between seasons, but were not from anthropogenic activity. The GIS established predictions about the probable spatial distribution of arsenic levels, pH, temperature, acidity, and hardness in the study area, which provides valuable information on these parameters in the communities where the sampling was not carried out. The health risk assessment for dermal contact and ingestion showed that the noncancer risk level exceeded the recommended criteria (HQ > 1) in the rainy season for three target groups. At the same time, the carcinogenic risk (1 × 10−3) exceeded the acceptability criterion in the rainy season, which suggests that the As mainly represents a threat to the health of adults, children, and infants.

Occurrence of pharmaceuticals in a water supply system and related human health risk assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa de Jesus Gaffney ◽  
Cristina M.M. Almeida ◽  
Alexandre Rodrigues ◽  
Elisabete Ferreira ◽  
Maria João Benoliel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Human Health Risk Assessment

Heavy metals exposure and health risk assessment of PM10 particles in indoor air in industrial area

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Yujin Oh ◽  
YoonDeok Han ◽  
Yunjae Kim ◽  
Sunghyeon Jung ◽  
Wonhee Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Metals Exposure
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