Comparison between sine wave fitting and zero-crossing methods applied to QCM impedance measurements

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Chavez ◽  
Miguel J. Garcia-Hernandez ◽  
Oliver Millan-Blasco ◽  
Ignasi Tur ◽  
Antoni Turo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sine Wave ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Impedance Measurements

Determination of tonal signal parameters based on zero crossing detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (5) ◽  
pp. 1794-1803
Author(s):  
Michal Luczynski ◽  
Stefan Brachmanski ◽  
Andrzej Dobrucki
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Tonal Signal ◽  
Zero Crossings ◽  
Tonal Component ◽  
Signal Parameters ◽  
The Moment

This paper presents a method for identifying tonal signal parameters using zero crossing detection. The signal parameters: frequency, amplitude and phase can change slowly in time. The described method allows to obtain accurate detection using possibly small number of signal samples. The detection algorithm consists of the following steps: frequency filtering, zero crossing detection and parameter reading. Filtering of the input signal is aimed at obtaining a signal consisting of a single tonal component. Zero crossing detection allows the elimination of multiple random zero crossings, which do not occur in a pure sine wave signal. The frequency is based on the frequency of transitions through zero, the amplitude is the largest value of the signal in the analysed time interval, and the initial phase is derived from the moment at which the transition through zero occurs. The obtained parameters were used to synthesise a compensation signal in an active tonal component reduction algorithm. The results of the algorithm confirmed the high efficiency of the method.

scholarly journals Zero Crossing Intervals of a Sine Wave in Noise

1953 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 832-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mansfield Young ◽  
James C. Grace
Keyword(s):  
Sine Wave ◽  
Zero Crossing

The Automatic Extraction of Pitch Perturbation Using Microcomputers

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodelle F. Deem ◽  
Walter H. Manning ◽  
Joseph V. Knack ◽  
Joseph S. Matesich
Keyword(s):  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
Sample Duration ◽  
Pitch Period ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Zero Crossings ◽  
Extraction Procedures ◽  
Vocal Fold Vibration ◽  
Analysis System

A program for the automatic extraction of jitter (PAEJ) was developed for the clinical measurement of pitch perturbations using a microcomputer. The program currently includes 12 implementations of an algorithm for marking the boundary criteria for a fundamental period of vocal fold vibration. The relative sensitivity of these extraction procedures for identifying the pitch period was compared using sine waves. Data obtained to date provide information for each procedure concerning the effects of waveform peakedness and slope, sample duration in cycles, noise level of the analysis system with both direct and tape recorded input, and the influence of interpolation. Zero crossing extraction procedures provided lower jitter values regardless of sine wave frequency or sample duration. The procedures making use of positive- or negative-going zero crossings with interpolation provided the lowest measures of jitter with the sine wave stimuli. Pilot data obtained with normal-speaking adults indicated that jitter measures varied as a function of the speaker, vowel, and sample duration.

Implementation and Validation of Multisinusoidal, Fast Impedance Measurements in Atomic Force Microscope Contact Mode

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 974-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Zieliński ◽  
Kazimierz Darowicki
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Metallic Surfaces ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
Impedance Measurements ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Probe System ◽  
Made In

AbstractThis study presents a novel approach to impedance measurements. The methodology discussed is limited to contact in the sample-probe system under ambient conditions without the presence of electrolyte. Comparison with results of direct and alternating current measurements for well-defined metallic surfaces are made. In spite of idealization related to the type of contact examined, the proposed technique provides an improvement of traditional impedance measurement related to sequential changes in system perturbation compared with the sine wave superposition type.

Location of membrane conductance changes by analysis of the input impedance of neurons. II. Implementation

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1594-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Fox ◽  
C. Y. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Input Impedance ◽  
Membrane Conductance ◽  
Wave Impedance ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Single Neurons ◽  
Impedance Measurements ◽  
Conductance Changes ◽  
Laminated Structures ◽  
Axial Resistance

Mathematical modeling has shown that it should be possible to determine the electrotonic location of membrane conductance changes in single neurons by analysis of the associated changes in the magnitude of the alternating-current (AC) input impedance. The form of the plot of change in the magnitude of the input impedance as a function of frequency (delta [Zn(f)]) should differ for changes in membrane conductance located at different electrotonic distances from the recording/current-injection site. Due to the axial resistance and the membrane capacitance, the higher frequencies are attenuated with distance to a greater degree than are the lower frequencies. Thus delta [Zn(f)] should drop to zero more rapidly with increasing frequency for distal than for proximal conductance changes. For distal changes in conductance, the sign of the change in the magnitude of the input impedance can even reverse in the higher frequency range, so that increases in conductance would produce increases in impedance. This effect may explain the paradoxical increases in impedance at 100 Hz reported for motor neuron inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. Sine-wave impedance measurements were made in single embryonic chick spinal neurons in tissue culture, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was iontophoretically applied alternately to the soma and to a neurite at a measured distance from the soma. The impedance changes produced by the GABA-induced conductance changes were consistent with the expectations from the mathematical modeling, but the results suggest that the axial resistance of the neurites must be quite high in some cases. Distortions due to microelectrode capacitance and stray capacitances in the input stage of single-electrode bridge amplifiers can make sine-wave impedance measurements impossible. This difficulty was eliminated by modifications to the capacity compensation circuit of an active bridge amplifier. Noise and distortion of several other types can also introduce serious errors. Methods for minimizing such problems are discussed. In spite of its limitations, this method can be of great practical value, because it can give the electrotonic location of spontaneously occurring membrane conductance changes in single neurons even when unitary synaptic potentials cannot be resolved. These methods are currently being applied to hippocampal pyramidal cells in vivo to locate conductance changes during the electroencephalogram (EEG) theta-rhythm in rats. In such laminated structures, the determination of the anatomical source of a group of active synapses can be aided by location of the resultant membrane conductance changes.

scholarly journals Development of a New Data Processing System for Increasing the Accuracy of a Levitation Mass Method (LMM) based Measurement

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Eko Satria ◽  
Hendro Hendro ◽  
Yusaku Fujii ◽  
Mitra Djamal
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Time Integration ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Inertial Force ◽  
Doppler Frequency ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Levitation Mass Method (LMM) is the method as a material tester to evaluate the mechanical response of general objects against impact forces. In this method, a mass is made to collide with material to be tested and the impulse, i.e. the time integration of the impact force, is measured highly accurately as a change in momentum of the mass. To realize linear motion with sufficiently small friction acting on the mass, a pneumatic linear bearing is used. The inertial force acting on the mass is calculated from the velocity of the mass. The velocity is determined, highly accurately by means of measuring the Doppler shift frequency of a laser light beam reflected on the mass using an optical interferometer. To determine the Doppler frequency shift for LMM data processing, the method for estimating the frequency is necessary. Several methods have been developed to estimate the frequency for the LMM data processing with high accuracy, i.e. Zero-Crossing Average Method (ZAM), Zero-Crossing Fitting Method (ZFM), Sine Wave Fitting, and Zero-crossing Sine Wave Fitting. All methods realized using the zero-crossing point of the waveform obtained from the digitizer. A better method to estimate frequency on the digitized waveform will enable higher precision for a more accurate result. In this research, a new method that can improve the accuracy has been developed. The program was developed using data segmentation to obtain the frequency of the digitized waveforms. The developed program has the smallest error ( 1,98 X 10^-10 for N= 200) compare to other methods (2,31 X 10-3 for ZAM; 1,10X10-3 for ZFM; and 8,69 X10-4 for Zero-crossing Sine Wave Fitting).

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