Error Tolerance of DNA Self-Assembly by Monomer Concentration Control

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byunghyun Jang ◽  
Yong-bin Kim ◽  
Fabrizio Lombardi
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Error Tolerance

Healing assessment of tile sets for error tolerance in DNA self-assembly

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hashempour ◽  
Z. Mashreghian Arani ◽  
F. Lombardi
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Error Tolerance ◽  
Healing Assessment

Self-Assembly Of Fibrin Monomers Measured By Quasielastic Light-Scattering

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
D E Guinnup ◽  
J S Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Radius Of Gyration ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Minute Period ◽  
In Situ Experiments

Purified fibrin monomer solutions were prepared in 1 M sodium bromide by alternation of precipitation and solubilization with pH adjustments between 6.0 and 5.3. The final preparation, at pH 5.3, was checked for monodispersity and purity by quasielastic laser light-scattering and was found to have a translational diffusion coefficient of 2.14 × 10-7 cm2/sec and a radius of gyration of 286 A, in excellent agreement with published data.The kinetics of fibrin self-assembly was monitored in-situ by measuring the autocorrelation function and mean intensity of scattered light with time after abruptly changing the pH froft 5.0 to 6.3 in 1 M NaBr. The data were most consistent with an assembly model wherein fibrin associated with itself in an overlapping staggered end to end configuration. The evolving particle size distribution of fibrin fibrils was obtained by deconvoluting the autocorrelation functions obtained over a 30 minute period and unexpectedly revealed that larger aggregates, containing greater than about 6 fibrin units, were greatly favored over smaller aggregates, dimers, trimers, etc. Also, while the rate of fibrin assembly appeared to be proportional to the square of the monomer concentration, consistent with simple aggregation theory, the probability of a collision between particles resulting in the growth of a fibril was very small.Additional in-situ experiments under laminar shear conditions in the physiological range showed the same pattern of fibril size distribution, except that the rate of self-assembly decreased about 30% as shear increased to 1000 sec-1.

Monomer Control for Error Tolerance in DNA Self-Assembly

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 271-284
Author(s):  
Byunghyun Jang ◽  
Yong-Bin Kim ◽  
Fabrizio Lombardi
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Error Tolerance

Liquid Crystal Influenced Self-assembly in Mesogenic Polymer and Liquid Crystal Blends

2004 ◽  
Vol 856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanfang Li ◽  
Carmen Otilia Catanescu ◽  
Liang-Chy Chien
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Photo Polymerization ◽  
Anisotropic Elastic ◽  
Polymerization Conditions

ABSTRACTIn this work, we found that by performing photo-polymerization of the mesogenic monomer RM257 in liquid crystals, well organized polymer walls were formed through out the cell by self-assembly of the polymer within the anisotropic host – the liquid crystal. The polymerization conditions, which were parameterized as UV intensity, photo-reactivity (characterized by photo initiator concentration), curing temperature, monomer concentration and mesophase of the liquid crystal host, were systematically varied. Different liquid crystal host also raised some difference in polymer network. We believe this kind of morphology comes from spinodal decomposition and the anisotropic elastic property of the liquid crystal host. It is found that for RM257 and low molecular weight nematic liquid crystals a monomer concentration of 5% is sufficient to use liquid crystal hosts to work as templates for well structured polymer walls.

scholarly journals Feedback regulation of crystal growth by buffering monomer concentration

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel W. Schaffter ◽  
Dominic Scalise ◽  
Terence M. Murphy ◽  
Anusha Patel ◽  
Rebecca Schulman
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Model System ◽  
Reaction Networks ◽  
Control Crystallization

AbstractCrystallization is a ubiquitous means of self-assembly that can organize matter over length scales orders of magnitude larger than those of the monomer units. Yet crystallization is notoriously difficult to control because it is exquisitely sensitive to monomer concentration, which changes as monomers are depleted during growth. Living cells control crystallization using chemical reaction networks that offset depletion by synthesizing or activating monomers to regulate monomer concentration, stabilizing growth conditions even as depletion rates change, and thus reliably yielding desired products. Using DNA nanotubes as a model system, here we show that coupling a generic reversible bimolecular monomer buffering reaction to a crystallization process leads to reliable growth of large, uniformly sized crystals even when crystal growth rates change over time. Buffering could be applied broadly as a simple means to regulate and sustain batch crystallization and could facilitate the self-assembly of complex, hierarchical synthetic structures.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

The Nature of Rapidly Extracted Phycocyanin from the Blue-Green Alga Plectonema Boryanum

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
M. Kessel ◽  
R. MacColl
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Analytical Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
The Self ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Subunit Structure ◽  
Blue Green Alga ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer

The major protein of the blue-green algae is the biliprotein, C-phycocyanin (Amax = 620 nm), which is presumed to exist in the cell in the form of distinct aggregates called phycobilisomes. The self-assembly of C-phycocyanin from monomer to hexamer has been extensively studied, but the proposed next step in the assembly of a phycobilisome, the formation of 19s subunits, is completely unknown. We have used electron microscopy and analytical ultracentrifugation in combination with a method for rapid and gentle extraction of phycocyanin to study its subunit structure and assembly.To establish the existence of phycobilisomes, cells of P. boryanum in the log phase of growth, growing at a light intensity of 200 foot candles, were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.0, for 3 hours at 4°C. The cells were post-fixed in 1% OsO4 in the same buffer overnight. Material was stained for 1 hour in uranyl acetate (1%), dehydrated and embedded in araldite and examined in thin sections.

Video real-time imaging of artificial membranes during freeze-drying by cryo-electron microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
Alan S. Rudolph ◽  
Ronald R. Price
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Video Capture ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Artificial Membranes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spherical Structures ◽  
Capture Techniques

We have employed cryoelectron microscopy to visualize events that occur during the freeze-drying of artificial membranes by employing real time video capture techniques. Artificial membranes or liposomes which are spherical structures within internal aqueous space are stabilized by water which provides the driving force for spontaneous self-assembly of these structures. Previous assays of damage to these structures which are induced by freeze drying reveal that the two principal deleterious events that occur are 1) fusion of liposomes and 2) leakage of contents trapped within the liposome [1]. In the past the only way to access these events was to examine the liposomes following the dehydration event. This technique allows the event to be monitored in real time as the liposomes destabilize and as water is sublimed at cryo temperatures in the vacuum of the microscope. The method by which liposomes are compromised by freeze-drying are largely unknown. This technique has shown that cryo-protectants such as glycerol and carbohydrates are able to maintain liposomal structure throughout the drying process.

Biomimetic materials: An introduction

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1020-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sarikaya ◽  
J. T. Staley ◽  
I. A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Spider Webs ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
All Ceramic

Biomimetics is an area of research in which the analysis of structures and functions of natural materials provide a source of inspiration for design and processing concepts for novel synthetic materials. Through biomimetics, it may be possible to establish structural control on a continuous length scale, resulting in superior structures able to withstand the requirements placed upon advanced materials. It is well recognized that biological systems efficiently produce complex and hierarchical structures on the molecular, micrometer, and macro scales with unique properties, and with greater structural control than is possible with synthetic materials. The dynamism of these systems allows the collection and transport of constituents; the nucleation, configuration, and growth of new structures by self-assembly; and the repair and replacement of old and damaged components. These materials include all-organic components such as spider webs and insect cuticles (Fig. 1); inorganic-organic composites, such as seashells (Fig. 2) and bones; all-ceramic composites, such as sea urchin teeth, spines, and other skeletal units (Fig. 3); and inorganic ultrafine magnetic and semiconducting particles produced by bacteria and algae, respectively (Fig. 4).

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