Fast R-D Optimal Packetization of Embedded Bitstreams into Independent Source Packets

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayi Xu ◽  
Sorina Dumitrescu
Keyword(s):  
Independent Source

I Know

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wierzbicka
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Independent Source ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Philosophical Account ◽  
The World ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Analytical Research

This chapter argues that a philosophical account of human epistemology needs to be complemented by a linguistic one, informed by analytical and empirical experience of cross-linguistic semantics. The author outlines such a complementary account, based on many decades of empirical and analytical research undertaken within the NSM (Natural Semantic Metalanguage) approach. The main conclusion is that KNOW is an indefinable and universal human concept, and that there are four “canonical” frames in which this concept occurs across languages, the most basic one being the “dialogical” frame: “I know,” “I don’t know.” The author contends that both the questions and the answers concerning the “epistemology for the rest of the world” need to be anchored in some conceptual givens, derived neither from historically shaped Anglo English, nor from the European philosophical tradition, but from a more reliable, language- and culture-independent source; and the author shows how this can be done.

Koroseal, a New Plastic. Some Properties and Uses

1935 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-654
Author(s):  
S. L. Brous ◽  
W. L. Semon
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Independent Source ◽  
Historical Treatise ◽  
The Many ◽  
Marked Resistance ◽  
Modern Industry

Abstract Rubber has found its widest use in industry because its properties can be altered and improved by compounding and cure to give strong, flexible, resilient products which are resistant to abrasion, impervious to fluids, electrically insulating, and relatively inert chemically. For such other desirable characteristics as resistance to oils and solvents, and freedom from attack by air, sunlight, and oxidizing materials, skillful compounding has brought marked improvements, but even better properties are needed to meet the demands of modern industry. The search for synthetic rubbers has been stimulated not merely by the desire for an economically independent source of supply, but also with the hope that there might be obtained materials having properties superior to the natural product. Whitby and Katz (4) have published a comprehensive historical treatise dealing with the development of numerous synthetic rubbers which have appeared in the last few years. It has been believed that linear polymers obtained from dienes hold most promise for the preparation of rubber-like materials. Carothers (1) has studied the relation between the structure of dienes and the types of polymerization products which may be obtained therefrom. On the basis of these data he inferred that, from the standpoint of their polymerization products, the best dienes will be of the type CH2:CXCH:CH2, in which X is an activating group other than alkyl or aryl. In general it has been found that there may be obtained polymerization products with physical properties equal to, or often superior to those of natural rubber, and with marked resistance to the action of solvents and chemicals. Among the many types of organic materials which will polymerize, the vinyl compounds only recently have been modified suitably to yield commercial rubber-like materials.

scholarly journals Barriers to early infant diagnosis of HIV in the Wa Municipality and Lawra District of Upper West Region, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Robert Nuoh ◽  
Kofi Nyarko ◽  
Charles Noora ◽  
Adolphina Addo-Lartey ◽  
Priscillia Nortey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Early Infant Diagnosis ◽  
Independent Source ◽  
Positive Mother ◽  
West Region ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Exposed Infant ◽  
Wa Municipality

Objective: We identified socio-demographic, health system and psycho-social barriers to Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) of HIV in the Upper West Region of Ghana.Design: An unmatched case control study of 96 cases and 96 controls was conducted in the ART centers in Lawra district and Wa Municipality between December 2014 and April 2015.Setting: A public health facilityParticipants: We defined a case as an HIV positive mother with an exposed infant who received EID service between January 2011 and December 2014. A control was defined as HIV Positive Mother with an exposed infant who did not receive EID services between January 2011 and December 2014.Main outcome: EID by dry blood spot Deoxyribonucleic acid Polymerase chain reaction.Results: A total of 192 mother-infant pairs were assessed. The mean age of infants at testing for cases was 17.3±14.9 weeks. Mother-to-child-transmission-rate was 2.3%. Factors associated with EID testing included: mother being formallyemployed (cOR=2.0: 95%CI:1.1-3.8), maternal formal education (cOR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.1-3.6) and maternal independent source of income (cOR 2.2, 95%CI 1.2-4.1). After adjusting for confounders, maternal independent incomebsource was associated with EID testing (aOR 2.2, 95%CI 1.2-4.1). Median turn-around time of EID result was 11 weeks (IQR 4-27weeks).Conclusion: Women need to be empowered to gain an independent source of income. This can help maximize the benefits of e-MTCT and increase EID in the Upper West Region of Ghana.Keywords: Barriers; HIV; early infant diagnosis; DNA-PCR; GhanaFunding: This work was funded by the authors

scholarly journals Anatomy promotes neutral coexistence of strains in the human skin microbiome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arolyn Conwill ◽  
Anne C Kuan ◽  
Ravalika Damerla ◽  
Alexandra J Poret ◽  
Jacob S Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Population Fragmentation ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Independent Source ◽  
Cutibacterium Acnes ◽  
Resident Populations ◽  
And Migration

What enables strains of the same species to coexist in a microbiome? Here, we investigate if host anatomy can explain strain co-residence of Cutibacterium acnes, the most abundant species on human skin. We reconstruct on-person evolution and migration using 947 C. acnes colony genomes acquired from 16 subjects, including from individual skin pores, and find that pores maintain diversity by limiting competition. Although strains with substantial fitness differences coexist within centimeter-scale regions, each pore is dominated by a single strain. Moreover, colonies from a pore typically have identical genomes. An absence of adaptive signatures suggests a genotype-independent source of low within-pore diversity. We therefore propose that pore anatomy imposes random single-cell bottlenecks during migration into pores and subsequently blocks new migrants; the resulting population fragmentation reduces competition and promotes coexistence. Our findings imply that therapeutic interventions involving pore-dwelling species should focus on removing resident populations over optimizing probiotic fitness.

scholarly journals INTEGRASI KEILMUAN PESANTREN (Studi Korelasi Antara Ilmu Agama dan Ilmu Umum di Institut Ilmu Keislaman Annuqayah)

AHSANA MEDIA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
LAILATUL QADARIYAH
Keyword(s):  
Educational Activity ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
General Science ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Independent Source ◽  
Lecture Material ◽  
Science Of Religion

Integration of science is a combination of separate sciences into a cohesion of knowledge, in this case the unification between the sciences that are religious in nature and the sciences that are general in nature. Integration of religion and general science is an effort to merge polarism between the science of religion and science which results from the mindset between religious sciences as an independent source of truth and science as an independent source. The concept of integration of religious science and general science in INSTIKA is inseparable from the basic values (qiyamusiaanyah) that are embedded in every step and educational activity carried out in it. The Islamic Institute of Annuqayah cults itself as a campus of manners, manners are an acronym for Takwa, Tafaqquh, Khidmah and rahmatan lil alamin. The three basic values of INSTICS are summarized from QS. At-Taubah verse 122. The rahmatan lil „alamin is a universal value that encompasses the three basic values which function to underlie, integrate and direct their orientation. Application of the curriculum in INSTIKA there is no separation between religious science and general science. In terms of concepts, religion and general science are taught in lecture sessions at INSTIKA, such as tasawuf, logic or mantiq lecture material, philosophy, interpretation, science and so on, all organized in curriculum units according to each study program. in INSTIKA.

Coming into One's Own: John Locke's Theory of Property, God, and Politics

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley C. Brubaker
Keyword(s):  
Independent Source ◽  
Final Destination ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Property

AbstractIn the three centuries since the publication of the Two Treatises, a trail set down by Locke, although scarcely concealed, has gone unremarked—as has its final destination. If we miss this trail, we miss the work's coherence. If we follow this trail, we find a compelling, even shocking, case against Revelation as an independent source of authority. And we find a theory of property so powerful—certainly in Locke's own estimation—it compels the reconstitution of the relation between children and parents, wives and husbands, servants and masters, persons and polities, and ultimately between man and God. Indeed, Locke's story of the right of property is also the story of man's coming into his own, his coming into his own mind, freed from the irrational claims of Revelation. Thus, Locke's theory of property is nothing less than a story of man's Enlightenment.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
James Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Social Group ◽  
The State ◽  
High Culture ◽  
Independent Source ◽  
Military Elite ◽  
Influential Individuals ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the Islamic scholars of Bukhara during the long nineteenth century. Islamic scholars were among the most influential individuals in their society, and that power rested on their mastery of diverse forms of knowledge rather than birthright. Instead of imagining those varied competencies and practices as embodied by separate professions, this book conceptualizes them as distinct practices and disciplines mastered by a single milieu. Instead of imagining stratified castes of “ulama” as against “sufis” as against “poets,” there is a unified social group of multitalented polymaths selectively performing sharia, asceticism, and poetry as circumstances dictated. These polymaths of Islam were the custodians of the only form of institutionalized high culture on offer in Central Asia. Their authoritative command over many different forms of knowledge — from medicine to law to epistolography and beyond — allowed them to accumulate substantial power and to establish enduring family dynasties. The Turkic military elite relied on these scholars to administer the state, but the ulama possessed an independent source of authority rooted in learning, which created tension between these two elite groups with profound ramifications for the region's history.

Licences Implied by Custom

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-168
Author(s):  
Poorna Mysoor
Keyword(s):  
Case Law ◽  
Copyright Owner ◽  
Commercial Law ◽  
Independent Source

This chapter focuses on licences implied by custom. A custom in this context represents the conduct of a community (of members of a trade, profession, industry, or market), as opposed to an individual copyright owner enabling the copyright work to be used in a particular way. So long as the community within which the custom is alleged represents the copyright owner, the community’s conduct will be taken as being on behalf of the copyright owner. Once established, a custom does not require validation by a court of law for it to be binding, so that a custom becomes an independent source of power that drives the implication of a copyright licence. Also, once established, a custom can be the basis for implying both a bare licence and a contractual licence, depending on the content of the custom. Therefore, the chapter analyses the case law within a single framework for implying both bare and contractual licences. It builds on the criteria developed by the courts in commercial law to establish a custom (certainty, notoriety, and reasonableness), incorporating factors specific to the copyright context.

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