Application of the non-invasive adaptive neuroelectrostimulation device for treatment of cognitive impairment in the model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Petrenko ◽  
V.S. Kublanov ◽  
A.A. Petrenko ◽  
K.Ju. Retyunskiy
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Mild Cognitive Impairment or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Older Adults? A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felippe Mendonca ◽  
Felipe Kenji Sudo ◽  
Gustavo Santiago-Bravo ◽  
Natalia Oliveira ◽  
Naima Assuncao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Age Related

Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental condition, which may be associated with life-enduring cognitive dysfunction. It has been hypothesized that age-related cognitive decline may overlap with preexisting deficits in older ADHD patients, leading to increased problems to manage everyday-life activities. This phenomenon may mimic neurodegenerative disorders, in particular Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). This cross-sectional study aims to assess cognitive and behavioral differences between older subjects with ADHD and MCI.Methods: A total of 107 older participants (41 controls; 40 MCI and 26 ADHD; mean age = 67.60 ± 7.50 years; mean schooling = 15.14 ± 2.77 years; 65.4% females) underwent clinical, cognitive, and behavioral assessments by a multidisciplinary team at the Memory Clinic, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mean scores in neuropsychological tasks and behavioral scales were compared across groups.Results: Participants with ADHD showed poorer performances than controls in episodic memory and executive function with large effect-sizes. Performances were comparable between MCI and ADHD for all domains.Discussion: MCI and ADHD in older individuals are dissociated clinical entities with overlapping cognitive profiles. Clinicians ought to be aware of these converging phenotypes to avoid misdiagnosis.

Yoga as an Intervention for Students With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 347-360
Author(s):  
Pauline Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Secondary Symptom ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Non Invasive

Research conducted in both the field of yoga and the field of behavioural disorders in children and adolescents leads to the speculation that the benefits of yoga practice demonstrated with respect to physiological, psychological, emotional, and psychosocial functioning may be applicable to the impairments evidenced in these areas in behavioural disorders. The intervention—20 weekly one-hour sessions of yoga—required a large commitment for the participants, their families, and the yoga instructor. The results suggested that yoga appears to exert its impact on stabilising the emotions (a secondary symptom) and reducing oppositional behaviour, frequently co-morbid (40%) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Given the limitations of this study, the results do indicate some significant changes in the behaviour of some of the boys with ADHD. In conclusion, yoga shows promise as a non-invasive, inexpensive, adjuvant treatment for boys with ADHD.

Distinct Cognitive and Neuroimaging Profiles in Later-Life Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandy L. Callahan ◽  
Nayani Ramakrishnan ◽  
Prathiba Shammi ◽  
Daniel Bierstone ◽  
Rebecca Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Semantic Retrieval ◽  
Structural Neuroimaging ◽  
Diagnostic Uncertainty ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly being recognized in adults and older adults. Some of its behavioral features (e.g., distractibility, forgetfulness, impulsivity) may resemble those of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which contributes to diagnostic uncertainty in later life. The present study aimed to systematically compare ADHD and MCI on measures of cognition and structural neuroimaging to clarify the extent of their overlap (i.e., cognitive features of ADHD that are most likely to be taken for signs of MCI) and identify potential features unique to each disorder (i.e., that may be used to guide diagnostic impressions). Methods: One hundred and six adults aged 50 years or above were recruited from a Cognitive Neurology clinic (40 ADHD, 29 MCI and 37 controls) completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. A subsample (n=80) underwent structural neuroimaging.Results: Memory was impaired in both patient groups, but reflected a storage deficit in MCI (supported by imaging findings of reduced hippocampal volumes) and an encoding deficit in ADHD (supported by frontal-lobe cortical thinning). Both groups performed normally on executive measures. Semantic retrieval was uniquely impaired in MCI.Conclusions: Behavioral and structural imaging features strongly suggest that ADHD and MCI are similar manifestations of separate pathophysiological processes. Although ADHD has been proposed as a risk factor or prodromal stage of neurodegeneration, we propose it is rather acting as a phenotypic mimic of MCI via overlap in memory and executive performance.

scholarly journals LEAP Motion Technology and Psychology: A Mini-Review on Hand Movements Sensing for Neurodevelopmental and Neurocognitive Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4006
Author(s):  
Giulia Colombini ◽  
Mirko Duradoni ◽  
Federico Carpi ◽  
Laura Vagnoli ◽  
Andrea Guazzini
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Leap Motion ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Technological advancement is constantly evolving, and it is also developing in the mental health field. Various applications, often based on virtual reality, have been implemented to carry out psychological assessments and interventions, using innovative human–machine interaction systems. In this context, the LEAP Motion sensing technology has raised interest, since it allows for more natural interactions with digital contents, via an optical tracking of hand and finger movements. Recent research has considered LEAP Motion features in virtual-reality-based systems, to meet specific needs of different clinical populations, varying in age and type of disorder. The present paper carried out a systematic mini-review of the available literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The inclusion criteria were (i) publication date between 2013 and 2020, (ii) being an empirical study or project report, (iii) written in English or Italian languages, (iv) published in a scholarly peer-reviewed journal and/or conference proceedings, and (v) assessing LEAP Motion intervention for four specific psychological domains (i.e., autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, dementia, and mild cognitive impairment), objectively. Nineteen eligible empirical studies were included. Overall, results show that protocols for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder can promote psychomotor and psychosocial rehabilitation in contexts that stimulate learning. Moreover, virtual reality and LEAP Motion seem promising for the assessment and screening of functional abilities in dementia and mild cognitive impairment. As evidence is, however, still limited, deeper investigations are needed to assess the full potential of the LEAP Motion technology, possibly extending its applications. This is relevant, considering the role that virtual reality could have in overcoming barriers to access assessment, therapies, and smart monitoring.

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