Correct performance of transaction capabilities

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Arts ◽  
I. van Langevelde
Keyword(s):  
Correct Performance

The Influence of Blade Wakes on the Performance of Interturbine Diffusers

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Dominy ◽  
D. A. Kirkham
Keyword(s):  
Performance Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Correct Performance ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Flow Factor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lp Turbine

Interturbine diffusers provide continuity between HP and LP turbines while diffusing the flow upstream of the LP turbine. Increasing the mean turbine diameter offers the potential advantage of reducing the flow factor in the following stages, leading to increased efficiency. The flows associated with these interturbine diffusers differ from those in simple annular diffusers both as a consequence of their high-curvature S-shaped geometry and of the presence of wakes created by the upstream turbine. It is shown that even the simplest two-dimensional wakes result in significantly modified flows through such ducts. These introduce strong secondary flows demonstrating that fully three-dimensional, viscous analysis methods are essential for correct performance modeling.

Perceptual Grouping of Dots in Noise

Perception ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 160-160
Author(s):  
S P Tripathy ◽  
A J Mussap ◽  
H B Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Perceptual Grouping ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Line Detection ◽  
Order Processing ◽  
Correct Performance ◽  
Single Mechanism ◽  
Series Of Experiments

Observers were asked to report the orientation of alignment (horizontal vs vertical) of a group of target dots embedded in randomly placed noise dots. For this perceptual grouping task, sensitivity (the number of noise dots giving 75% correct performance) was measured as a function of the number of target dots. We report surprising tolerance to positional jitter of target dots, with far less tolerance exhibited to alignment jitter than separation jitter. In this respect, perceptual grouping in our task resembles line detection. In a further series of experiments the target was produced by positional shifts of an appropriate number of noise dots, rather than by addition of target dots to the noise dots (this procedure minimised density cues). The improvement in sensitivity with increasing number of target dots was found to be linear (when plotted on log — log axes) with a slope of 0.5, as opposed to bilinear [cf B Moulden, 1994, in Higher-Order Processing in the Visual System Eds G R Bock, J A Goode (Chichester: John Wiley) pp 170 – 192]. This linearity suggests that, over the range of target dot numbers tested, a single mechanism may be sufficient to explain performance.

Zakāt in Imāmi Shī'ī jurisprudence, from the tenth to the sixteenth century A.D.

1981 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Calder
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Correct Performance ◽  
The Social

Māwardī said of zakāt that it was paid ṭahratan li-ahlihā ma'ūnatan li-ahl al-sahman, as a purification for the donor and a support for the recipient. It has thus a dual aspect. As a social tax it provides for the transfer of wealth from certain productive classes of society to certain poor or non-productīve classes. As a religious duty it is of essentially the same type as ṣalāt, ḥajj, etc., afarīḓa 'ala l-'ayn. Like these it is a ritual whose correct performance involves an attention to precise details of quantity (naṣāb), timing (al-ḥawl), and intention (niyya) which may be irrelevant or even inimical to the optimum fulfilment of the social aim.

scholarly journals Rewarding Feedback After Correct Visual Discriminations Has Both General and Specific Influences on Visual Cortex

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 1746-1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Weil ◽  
N. Furl ◽  
C. C. Ruff ◽  
M. Symmonds ◽  
G. Flandin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Correct Performance ◽  
Visual Events ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Time Point

Reward can influence visual performance, but the neural basis of this effect remains poorly understood. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate how rewarding feedback affected activity in distinct areas of human visual cortex, separating rewarding feedback events after correct performance from preceding visual events. Participants discriminated oriented gratings in either hemifield, receiving auditory feedback at trial end that signaled financial reward after correct performance. Greater rewards improved performance for all but the most difficult trials. Rewarding feedback increased blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals in striatum and orbitofrontal cortex. It also increased BOLD signals in visual areas beyond retinotopic cortex, but not in primary visual cortex representing the judged stimuli. These modulations were seen at a time point in which no visual stimuli were presented or expected, demonstrating a novel type of activity change in visual cortex that cannot reflect modulation of response to incoming or anticipated visual stimuli. Rewarded trials led on the next trial to improved performance and enhanced visual activity contralateral to the judged stimulus, for retinotopic representations of the judged visual stimuli in V1. Our findings distinguish general effects in nonretinotopic visual cortex when receiving rewarding feedback after correct performance from consequences of reward for spatially specific responses in V1.

The Sensitivity of Binocular Rivalry Suppression to Changes in Orientation Assessed by Reaction-Time and Forced-Choice Techniques

Perception ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P O'Shea ◽  
Boris Crassini
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Luminance Contrast ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Correct Performance ◽  
Orientation Change ◽  
Choice Procedure ◽  
Forced Choice Procedure

Binocular rivalry was induced between two orthogonal square-wave gratings of the same spatial frequency, luminance, contrast, and field size, presented dichoptically. One of the gratings could be instantly replaced by a third grating differing only in orientation. In one experiment subjects were required to respond as soon as an orientation change was noticed, and to withold response to catch trials (no orientation change). When orientation changes were made to the visible grating, reaction time was found to be a U-shaped function of the magnitude of orientation change. When orientation changes were made to the grating undergoing binocular-rivalry suppression, an overall increase in reaction time was found with the increase being greater for large orientation changes (an asymmetrical U-shaped function). In another experiment subjects were required to detect the direction of a change in orientation in a two-alternative forced-choice procedure. Thresholds were thus obtained for 75% correct performance. It was found that thresholds for orientation changes made to the visible and invisible fields were identical from 20° to 70° orientation change. Outside this range thresholds were higher when orientation changes were made to the field suppressed by binocular rivalry. It is argued that the orientation functions obtained in the two experiments may represent incomplete suppression of either form or transient information during binocular rivalry.

Permission Schemas and the Selection Task

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Griggs ◽  
James R. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Selection Task ◽  
Error Patterns ◽  
Standard Version ◽  
Correct Performance ◽  
Abstract Version ◽  
University Undergraduates ◽  
Proportion Correct

Cheng and Holyoak's abstract permission schema version of Wason's selection task and the standard abstract version of the task were examined in two experiments, each a factorial design with type of problem (permission vs. standard), presence or absence of a checking context, explicit or implicit negatives on the not-p and not-q cards, and presence or absence of a rule clarification statement as factors. The original permission problem violation-type instruction was employed in Experiment 1, and Margolis's not-p and not-q violation instruction (Griggs & Jackson, 1990) was used in Experiment 2. Subjects were 640 university undergraduates, with each subject solving only one problem. The major findings for permission tasks were: (1) facilitation for the abstract permission version was replicated but found to be dependent upon the presence of explicit negatives on the not-p and not-q cards; and (2) this facilitation was enhanced by the Margolis not-p and not-q instruction. Per Girotto, Mazzocco, and Cherubini (1992), these findings and the observed error patterns are consistent with pragmatic schema theory. The major findings for the standard version of the task were: (1) none of the factors significantly impacted proportion correct [performance was poor, ≤10% correct in 15 of 16 conditions] and (2) the number of not-p & not-q incorrect selections was increased significantly for the not-p and not-q instruction. These results are discussed in terms of Manktelow and Over's argument that the standard abstract task and the permission schema version are actually different problems.

Using Robot-Assisted Instruction to Teach Students with Intellectual Disabilities to Use Personal Narrative in Text Messages

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pennington ◽  
Mohammad Nasser Saadatzi ◽  
Karla C. Welch ◽  
Renee Scott
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Personal Narrative ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Simultaneous Prompting ◽  
Correct Performance ◽  
Students With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Assisted Instruction ◽  
Write Text

In the current investigation, we evaluated the effectiveness of a multi-component package (i.e., robot, simultaneous prompting, self-graphing) for teaching three students, ages 19–21, with intellectual disabilities (ID) to write text messages that included a greeting, personal narrative, and closing. Data suggest that the package was effective in increasing correct performance for all participants. In addition, participants demonstrated their newly acquired texting skills across different communicative partners.

Effect of removal of various amounts of the vertical lobes on visual discrimination by Octopus

1958 ◽  
Vol 149 (937) ◽  
pp. 441-462 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
Correct Performance ◽  
Better Than

After removal of large parts of the vertical lobes octopuses show a reduced accuracy when tested with discriminations learned before operation. During relearning they then score only slightly better than animals not trained before operation: little of the information store survives the operation. After removal the accuracy of response is proportional to the amount of vertical lobe tissue remaining. Slow relearning is possible even after complete removal. It proceeds faster if trials are given at short intervals. Animals that have shown no evidence of discrimination during training with rewards and shocks may immediately show correct responses when tested without reward; memories capable of ensuring correct responses were therefore present even in the absence of the vertical lobes. If such animals that were responding correctly were then rewarded with food when they attacked the ‘positive’ figure they also began to attack the ‘negative’ one. After 2 to 3 h this tendency passed off and discrimination was again correct if the tests were given without reward. The vertical lobe may thus be considered as providing sufficient units to make the information stores ‘strong’ enough to ensure correct performance. Alternative explanations are possible, however, for instance that the lobe is a reading-out device, necessary if memories located elsewhere are to be effectively used.

scholarly journals Computational and experimental simulation to analyze loss in concrete cover by reinforcement deformation in solid slabs

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Maran ◽  
Maria Fernanda Fávero Menna Barreto ◽  
Denise Carpena Coitinho Dal Molin ◽  
João Ricardo Masuero
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Concrete Cover ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Correct Performance ◽  
Mesh Spacing ◽  
Reinforcement Bar ◽  
Cover Thickness

ABSTRACT Adequate cover thickness contributes to the correct performance of reinforced concrete structures. Spacers are recommended in standards to maintain a concrete cover; however, many regulations do not provide sufficient guidelines for their use, resulting in poor construction. A research program was developed for solid slabs through computational and experimental simulations to minimize errors in the cover by assessing different reinforcement bar diameters and spacer distribution, considering realistic element construction and standards, combining theory with practice. The results show that the use of spacers does not guarantee the design cover for some reinforcement bar diameters, as 4.2 and 5.0 mm, and regardless of the spacer distribution configuration assessed, these meshes undergo permanent deformation, thereby damaging the cover and consequently impact structural performance. Meshes of 6.3 and 8.0 mm diameters present deformation within the cover tolerance. Therefore, it is preferable to choose bigger diameters and larger mesh spacing to guarantee the projected cover, contributing to the correct performance of the structures, solving one of the major problems in this type of construction.

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