Modeling for surge control of centrifugal compressors: comparison with experiment

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.T. Gravdahl ◽  
F. Willems ◽  
B. de Jager ◽  
O. Egeland
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Comparison With Experiment ◽  
Surge Control

Variable structure surge control for constant speed centrifugal compressors

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 815-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raef S. Shehata ◽  
Hussein A. Abdullah ◽  
Fayez F.G. Areed
Keyword(s):  
Variable Structure ◽  
Constant Speed ◽  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Surge Control

Active Surge control of electrically driven centrifugal compressors

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo Torrisi ◽  
Victor Jaramillo ◽  
James R. Ottewill ◽  
Sebastien Mariethoz ◽  
Manfred Morari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Surge Control

scholarly journals Model Predictive Approaches for Active Surge Control in Centrifugal Compressors

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1947-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo Torrisi ◽  
Sergio Grammatico ◽  
Andrea Cortinovis ◽  
Mehmet Mercangoz ◽  
Manfred Morari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Surge Control ◽  
Predictive Approaches

Coordinated Operation of Centrifugal Compressors in Series via Model Predictive Control

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Mercangöz ◽  
Andrea Stefani ◽  
Andrea Cortinovis
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Step Response ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Control Loops ◽  
Plant Behavior ◽  
In Series ◽  
Surge Control

This paper investigates the control challenges in the operation of centrifugal compressors in series configuration, which arise from the interactions of the different control loops for process and anti-surge control. The investigation is carried out with simulations, where two compressors in series are considered to represent the simplest possible case for systems analysis. The simulations are based on a well-known nonlinear compressor model to represent the plant behavior as close to reality as possible. The paper starts with the derivation of linear transfer functions from step response analysis, which are used to develop both advanced decentralized control solutions using loop decoupling schemes as well as a model predictive controller (MPC). The various alternative control strategies are then investigated by introducing a typical downstream disturbance case that pushes the compressors towards surge conditions while creating interactions among all control loops. The simulation results are analyzed to determine the advantages and the shortcomings of the different control strategies. The MPC based approach stands out as a high performance alternative to traditional control schemes relying on simple feedback and feedforward elements.

An Internal Flow Measurement That Senses a Pre-Cursor to Surge in Centrifugal Compressors

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. McKee
Keyword(s):  
Internal Flow ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
Surge Control ◽  
Measured Flow ◽  
Flow Components ◽  
The Many

Centrifugal compressors are critical for moving large volumes of gas in the natural gas pipeline, hydrocarbon processing, and general energy industries. The operation of centrifugal compressors is limited by a number of factors including the occurrence of surge at low flows. The exact low flow conditions at which surge occurs cannot be determined from external measurements. The precise flow and head at which surge occurs is effected by factors including the installed piping configuration, the dynamic impedance of the piping system, the pulsating pressures in the piping, and the gas properties such as compressibility among other variables. The results of the many factors affected when surge occurs and the sudden nature of surge onset are such that there are no previously identified reliable ways to detect an approaching surge. Current surge control methods rely on external measurements of head or speed and flow to estimate the conditions at which surge will occur and then recycle flow at some margin above the expected surge conditions in order to avoid surge. However, this type of surge control is inefficient and frequently leads to recycling more flow than necessary with the result that fuel and energy are wasted. If a means were available to measure a fundamental pre-cursor to surge then a reliable indication of the operating margin above surge could be developed and the amount of recycle flow and the loss of efficiency could be minimized. Such a pre-cursor has been found and a sensor technique base on drag probe technology has been developed. This paper presents some of the background on pre-surge detection in centrifugal compressors and then describes the known behavior of the impeller inlet outer wall re-circulating flow that develops as surge approaches. In addition, this paper reports on the development of a drag probe sensor to measure these internal flow components. Evidence from direct surge control testing is presented to support the finding that these internal flows are a basic surge pre-cursor and a useful control for centrifugal compressors. The measured flow changes prior to surge are identified and data is shown. The result of this research will lead to an improved surge control system for a significant class of signal stage modern centrifugal compressors and will increase the operating range and overall efficiency of such machines.

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