CBIR of Spine X-Ray Images on Inter-Vertebral Disc Space and Shape Profiles

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchou Chang ◽  
Sameer Antani ◽  
D.J. Lee ◽  
Kent Gledhill ◽  
L. Rodney Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disc Space ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vertebral Disc

CBIR of spine X-ray images on inter-vertebral disc space and shape profiles using feature ranking and voting consensus

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 1359-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dah-Jye Lee ◽  
Sameer Antani ◽  
Yuchou Chang ◽  
Kent Gledhill ◽  
L. Rodney Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feature Ranking ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vertebral Disc

scholarly journals VERTEBROMETRY AND DISCOMETRY OF THE LUMBAR FUNCTIONAL SEGMENT (REBATÚ-MURGUÍA TECHNIQUE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro González Rebatú y González ◽  
Ramón Ortega Padron, ◽  
Myriham Murguia Casas, ◽  
Rubén Vargas Burgos ◽  
Rodrigo Bartolomé Vargas Lugo Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Interbody Fusion ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lumbar Stabilization ◽  
Vertebral Bodies ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACT Surgical treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration aims to restore the height of the disc space and the release of involved neurological structures. Like any surgical treatment in orthopedics, the success or failure of the lumbar procedure involves the possibility of performing an adequate planning of each particular event. In the case of lumbar stabilization surgery with interbody fusion, it is essential to know the ideal height of the disc space for the fusion to be successful. Objective: To demonstrate that the ideal height of the disc space corresponds approximately to one third of the height of the vertebral body. Methods: X-ray images were taken in AP and lateral views of hospital residents to measure L4-L5 vertebral bodies as well as the disc space. The rule of three was used to check the height of the disc and vertebral bodies. Results: It was verified that the disc space corresponds to 31% of the size of the vertebral body, taking 0.31 as the constant. Conclusions: The size of the disc corresponds to one third of the vertebral body, taking 0.31 as the constant. The multiplication of the constant by the height of the vertebral body results in the exact height of the disc. Thus, in the presence of degeneration of the intervertebral disc, it is possible to know the size of the disc and, therefore, the size of the interbody cage.

scholarly journals Establishment of cervical dynamic and static imbalance models and preliminary study on the mechanism of cervical degeneration in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Haibo Li ◽  
Jianjian Yin ◽  
Yongjing Huang ◽  
Nanwei Xu ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Cervical Disc ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Space ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Post Operation

This study aimed to observe dynamically the changes of x-ray, histomorphology appearance and serum inflammatory cytokines of cervical degenerative disease in rat models and to discuss the mechanism of cervical degeneration. Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomised into test ( n = 45) and control ( n = 15) groups, which were randomly subdivided into three groups corresponding to 1, 3 and 6 mo post operation. At the corresponding postoperative stage, cervical x-ray films were acquired, and intervertebral disc space and intervertebral foramen size were measured. Some serum inflammatory cytokines from all rats were quantitatively determined. Then, the morphological change in cervical intervertebral disc specimens stained with hematoxylin and eosin was observed. The results were analysed and compared among groups. Compared to the control group, the cervical x-ray and histomorphology appearance of rats in the test group showed varying degrees of degeneration. Furthermore, the serum IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 in the test group increased significantly at the corresponding postoperative stage ( P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) compared to the control group. This model of cervical disc degeneration can accelerate imaging and histological degeneration, but it may be accompanied by changes in serum inflammatory cytokines levels.

scholarly journals Runx1 Messenger RNA Delivered by Polyplex Nanomicelles Alleviate Spinal Disc Hydration Loss in a Rat Disc Degeneration Model

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Cheng-Chung Chang ◽  
Hsi-Kai Tsou ◽  
Hsu-Hsin Chang ◽  
Long Yi Chan ◽  
Guan-Yu Zhuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Vertebral Disc ◽  
Favorable Safety

Vertebral disc degenerative disease (DDD) affects millions of people worldwide and is a critical factor leading to low back and neck pain and consequent disability. Currently, no strategy has addressed curing DDD from fundamental aspects, because the pathological mechanism leading to DDD is still controversial. One possible mechanism points to the homeostatic status of extracellular matrix (ECM) anabolism, and catabolism in the disc may play a vital role in the disease’s progression. If the damaged disc receives an abundant amount of cartilage, anabolic factors may stimulate the residual cells in the damaged disc to secrete the ECM and mitigate the degeneration process. To examine this hypothesis, a cartilage anabolic factor, Runx1, was expressed by mRNA through a sophisticated polyamine-based PEG-polyplex nanomicelle delivery system in the damaged disc in a rat model. The mRNA medicine and polyamine carrier have favorable safety characteristics and biocompatibility for regenerative medicine. The endocytosis of mRNA-loaded polyplex nanomicelles in vitro, mRNA delivery efficacy, hydration content, disc shrinkage, and ECM in the disc in vivo were also examined. The data revealed that the mRNA-loaded polyplex nanomicelle was promptly engulfed by cellular late endosome, then spread into the cytosol homogeneously at a rate of less than 20 min post-administration of the mRNA medicine. The mRNA expression persisted for at least 6-days post-injection in vivo. Furthermore, the Runx1 mRNA delivered by polyplex nanomicelles increased hydration content by ≈43% in the punctured disc at 4-weeks post-injection (wpi) compared with naked Runx1 mRNA administration. Meanwhile, the disc space and ECM production were also significantly ameliorated in the polyplex nanomicelle group. This study demonstrated that anabolic factor administration by polyplex nanomicelle-protected mRNA medicine, such as Runx1, plays a key role in alleviating the progress of DDD, which is an imbalance scenario of disc metabolism. This platform could be further developed as a promising strategy applied to regenerative medicine.

Aspergillus Disc Space Infection: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Neurosurgery ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel C. Morgenlander ◽  
Eugene Rossitch ◽  
Charles E. Rawlings
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Unusual Complication ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Space Infection ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Immunocompromised State ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Abstract Aspergillus disc space infection is an unusual complication of the immunocompromised state. Magnetic resonance imaging may aid the clinician in arriving at a prompt diagnosis of discitis in affected patients. We report a case of systemically acquired Aspergillus discitis at multiple levels diagnosed by plain x-ray films, bone scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and biopsy. We review the literature on this subject and suggest that aggressive diagnosis with early biopsy, treatment with systemic antifungal agents, and surgical debridement of the infected disc space yield the best outcome for these patients.

scholarly journals “Nature Abhors a Vaccuum”: Invagination of the Small Intestine into the Lumbar Disc Space After a Spinal Fusion Operation

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Wonho Lee ◽  
Mathieu Boudier-Revéret ◽  
Du Hwan Kim ◽  
Min Cheol Chang
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Spinal Fusion ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Compression Fracture ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Segmental Instability ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Body Fracture ◽  
Fusion Operation

A 77-year-old woman having back pain due to an L2 vertebral body compression fracture took a lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In MRI, in addition to the L2 vertebral body fracture, invagination of the small intestine into the intervertebral disc space at L5-S1 was found by chance. On a lateral lumbar spinal X-ray, the lordotic angle was markedly increased at the L5-S1 level. Additionally, the L5-S1 disc space had widened. These X-ray findings indicate the segmental instability at L5-S1. The spinal fusion operation on L3-4-5 seems to have resulted in overt mechanical loading on the inferior spinal segment (L5-S1). We think the instability damaged the anterior longitudinal ligament and caused a tear in the anterior portion of the annulus fibrosus. The defect in the L5-S1 intervertebral disc after the tear would have caused the vacuum, which is presumed to have pulled the patient’s small intestine into the empty space within the L5-S1 intervertebral disc. Although intervertebral invagination of intra-abdominal structures is not common, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of this complication in patients who have spinal segmental instability.

Space and Time Distribution of Hard X-Ray Emission in a Loop at the Beginning of a Flare

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
M. Karlický ◽  
J. C. Hénoux
Keyword(s):  
Time Distribution ◽  
Electron Bombardment ◽  
Spatial Evolution ◽  
Superthermal Electrons ◽  
Flare Loop ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Superthermal Electron ◽  
Flare Loops ◽  
Chromospheric Evaporation ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

AbstractUsing a new ID hybrid model of the electron bombardment in flare loops, we study not only the evolution of densities, plasma velocities and temperatures in the loop, but also the temporal and spatial evolution of hard X-ray emission. In the present paper a continuous bombardment by electrons isotropically accelerated at the top of flare loop with a power-law injection distribution function is considered. The computations include the effects of the return-current that reduces significantly the depth of the chromospheric layer which is evaporated. The present modelling is made with superthermal electron parameters corresponding to the classical resistivity regime for an input energy flux of superthermal electrons of 109erg cm−2s−1. It was found that due to the electron bombardment the two chromospheric evaporation waves are generated at both feet of the loop and they propagate up to the top, where they collide and cause temporary density and hard X-ray enhancements.

Some Problems in Understanding the Solar Corona

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. H. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Solar Atmosphere ◽  
Theoretical Modelling ◽  
Total System ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Proper Perspective ◽  
Space Observations

The development of the physics of the solar atmosphere during the last 50 years has been greatly influenced by the increasing capability of observations made from space. Access to images and spectra of the hotter plasma in the UV, XUV and X-ray regions provided a major advance over the few coronal forbidden lines seen in the visible and enabled the cooler chromospheric and photospheric plasma to be seen in its proper perspective, as part of a total system. In this way space observations have stimulated new and important advances, not only in space but also in ground-based observations and theoretical modelling, so that today we find a well-balanced harmony between the three techniques.

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