Loss and Recovery of Hydrophobicity of EPDM Insulators in Simulated Arid Desert Environment

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasin Khan ◽  
A. A. Al-Arainy ◽  
N. H. Malik ◽  
M. I. Qureshi ◽  
A. E. Al-Ammar
Keyword(s):  
Desert Environment ◽  
Arid Desert

scholarly journals Research on the Effects of Occupational Stress and the DRD2 Gene on the Psychological Health of Workers in the Xinjiang Desert Oil Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Jiang ◽  
Gulijianati Wumaier ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Xu Yang ◽  
Jiwen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Desert Environment ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Oil Workers ◽  
Arid Desert ◽  
Personal Strain ◽  
The Relationship

Background: This study investigated the relationship between occupational stress and the mental health of people working in oil fields in the arid desert environment of Xinjiang, and revealed the causal relationship between occupational stress and psychological disorders, while furthermore exploring the relationship between psychological disorders and genetic levels.Methods: The participants of this study included oil field company workers from the Xinjiang Petroleum Administration of Karamay City, Xinjiang, who underwent occupational health examinations. The Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition (OSI-R) was used to measure the occupational stress of the oil workers. The mental health status of oil workers was evaluated using the Symptoms Checklist-90.Results: Occupational tasks: The total scores of the personal strain and mental health questionnaires were positively correlated with somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, paranoia, and psychosis (P < 0.05). Individual coping resources and the mental health total score was negatively correlated with somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, terror, paranoia, and psychosis. The following factors were identified as mental health risk factors: female gender; age 45 and above (relative to ≤30 years old); high scores on the personal strain questionnaire; occupational stress; external effort; internal investment; and high effort-low return. The following factors were identified as protective factors for mental health: Han nationality; oil transportation (relative to drilling); individual resilience; and work returns. In respect to the abnormal psychological group and the normal psychological group, statistically significant differences were found in the distribution of genotypes and allele frequencies at the rs1800497 locus (P < 0.05). The depression and paranoia scores observed between different genotype groups at the rs1800497 locus were statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusions: This study shows that occupational stress and the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene have an impact on the mental health of oil field workers in the arid desert environment of Xinjiang. Effort-reward imbalance and occupational stress were identified as risk factors for mental health, while rewards for work were protective factors. Higher levels of occupational stress may lead to depression and other psychological disorders, adversely affecting mental health. In oil field operators in the arid desert environment of Xinjiang, the AA genotype of the DRD2 gene in the rs1800497 locus was identified as a genotype specific to susceptibility to mental health problems, and a correlation was found between the A allele and an increased risk of psychological problems. Therefore, it is necessary to devise relevant measures to alleviate occupational stress among oil workers and increase their job rewards, so as to improve their mental health.

scholarly journals Pesticide Misting System Enhances Residual Pesticide Treatment of HESCO Geotextile

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
R. L. Aldridge ◽  
S. C. Britch ◽  
K. J. Linthicum ◽  
F. V. Golden ◽  
Thomas T. Dao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sand Flies ◽  
Desert Environment ◽  
Pesticide Treatment ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Residual Pesticide ◽  
Arid Desert

ABSTRACT Residual pesticide treatment of US military materials such as camouflage netting and HESCO blast wall geotextile is an effective way to reduce biting pressure within protected perimeters. However, residual treatments eventually wane and require retreatment in situ, which may not be possible or practical in military scenarios. One solution is to install pesticide misting systems on treated perimeters, which may additively enhance residual treatments, and gradually retreat perimeter material as misted pesticide settles. In this investigation we show that pesticide misting can extend efficacy of residual treatments on HESCO geotextile against mosquitoes and sand flies in a hot-arid desert environment by 1–2 wk.

scholarly journals Whole-genome sequencing of Tarim red deer (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis) reveals demographic history and adaptations to an arid-desert environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Buweihailiqiemu Ababaikeri ◽  
Shamshidin Abduriyim ◽  
Yilamujiang Tohetahong ◽  
Tayerjan Mamat ◽  
Adil Ahmat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Desert Environment ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Arid Desert

Abstract Background The initiation of desert conditions in the Tarim Basin in China since the late Miocene has led to the significant genetic structuring of local organisms. Tarim Red Deer (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis, TRD) have adapted to the harsh environmental conditions in this basin, including high solar radiation and temperature, aridity, and poor nutritional conditions. However, the underlying genetic basis of this adaptation is poorly understood. Results We sequenced the whole genomes of 13 TRD individuals, conducted comparative genomic analyses, and estimated demographic fluctuation. The ∂a∂i model estimated that the TRD and Tule elk (Cervus canadensis nannodes) populations diverged approximately 0.98 Mya. Analyses revealed a substantial influence of the Earth’s climate on the effective population size of TRD, associated with glacial advances and retreat, and human activities likely underlie a recent serious decline in population. A marked bottleneck may have profoundly affected the genetic diversity of TRD populations. We detected a set of candidate genes, pathways, and GO categories related to oxidative stress, water reabsorption, immune regulation, energy metabolism, eye protection, heat stress, respiratory system adaptation, prevention of high blood pressure, and DNA damage and repair that may directly or indirectly be involved in the adaptation of TRD to an arid-desert environment. Conclusions Our analyses highlight the role of historical global climates in the population dynamics of TRD. In light of ongoing global warming and the increasing incidence of droughts, our study offers insights into the genomic adaptations of animals, especially TRD, to extreme arid-desert environments and provides a valuable resource for future research on conservation design and biological adaptations to environmental change.

HYDROPHOBIC CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPOSITE INSULATORS IN SIMULATED INLAND ARID DESERT ENVIRONMENT

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasin Khan ◽  
Abdulrehman Ali Al-Arainy ◽  
Nazar Hussain Malik ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Qureshi ◽  
Nader Barsoum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Desert Environment ◽  
Arid Desert

Health and behaviour consequences of feral horse relocation

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Hampson ◽  
M. A. Zabek ◽  
C. C. Pollitt ◽  
B. Nock
Keyword(s):  
Good Health ◽  
Behaviour Pattern ◽  
Desert Environment ◽  
Movement Behaviour ◽  
Insufficient Information ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Feral Horse ◽  
Desert Habitat ◽  
Arid Desert ◽  
Semi Arid

Despite ongoing projects involving the breeding and release of equids into semi-wild and wild environments, insufficient information is available in the literature that describes strategies used by equids to adapt and survive in a novel environment. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of naïve, feral Equus caballus (horse) mares to cope in a novel feral horse environment and investigate possible reasons why some may not survive this challenge. Four mares taken from a semi-arid desert environment remained in good health but significantly changed their movement behaviour pattern when surrounded by prime grazing habitat in a mesic temperate grassland. Three of the four mares captured from the prime grazing habitat and released in the semi-arid desert habitat died, apparently due to stress and/or starvation, within 8 weeks of release. The fourth mare survived 4 months but lost considerable weight. The group of mares relocated to the semi-arid desert environment had difficulty adapting to relocation and did not take up the movement behaviour strategy of local horses, which required long distance treks from a central water hole to distant feeding areas at least 15 km away. The movement behaviour, range use and health consequences of relocating equids may be of interest to wildlife ecologists, animal behaviourists and horse welfare groups. The observations may be used to guide those intending on relocating managed domestic and native horses to novel habitats.

Mycoflora associated withHyoscyamus muticusgrowing under an extremely arid desert environment (Aswan region, Egypt)

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soad A. El-Zayat ◽  
Mortada S. M. Nassar ◽  
Farida T. El-Hissy ◽  
Fatma F. Abdel-Motaal ◽  
Shin-ichi Ito
Keyword(s):  
Desert Environment ◽  
Arid Desert

Climate Change and Drought: Impact of Food Insecurity on Gender Based Vulnerability in District Tharparkar

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manzoor Hussain Memon ◽  
Naveed Aamir ◽  
Nadeem Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Arid Ecosystems ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
The People ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Arid Desert

Climate change has now become a reality that has intensified the sufferings of people living in arid ecosystems. Decrease in rainfall, rise in temperature and increase in the frequency of extreme events are some of the changes observed in the semi-arid desert of district Tharparkar. For thousands of years, people of Tharparkar are coping with drought and aridity of the land by using indigenous knowledge. However, global changes in the climatic pattern and deterioration of social and economic conditions have pushed the inhabitants of this arid region into extreme vulnerable situation. This paper investigates the link between climate-induced natural disasters, particularly drought, from the perspective of changing climate patterns which have resulted in food insecurity and water scarcity. The paper analyses the rainfall pattern in the last 38 years—dividing it into two periods i.e. from 1975-1994 and 1995-2014. The findings of the paper have challenged the prevailing notions about aridity and rainfall patterns in Tharparkar district. The research found that there is an increase in average annual precipitation in the district with erratic patterns. Thus, the nature of drought in the district has changed from its historic pattern of less or no rainfall to more but erratic rainfall that is more threatening to livelihoods of the people that in turn have multiplier effect on water and food insecurity. In particularly, women are more vulnerable in the absence of social security and lack of basic necessities for their survival amidst drought. For instance, traditionally the burden of managing water resources falls on women, which leads to an increased work load during the time of drought and also water scarcity. JEL Classification: Q54, Q56, Q25, I30 Keywords: Climate, Environment and Development, Drought, Water, Poverty

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document