Classification of Working Memory Impairment in Children Using Electroencephalograph Signal at the Prefrontal Cortex

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Z. Mohd Tumari ◽  
R. Sudirman
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Memory Impairment

scholarly journals Ziziphus jujuba (Rhamnaceae) Alleviates Working Memory Impairment and Restores Neurochemical Alterations in the Prefrontal Cortex of D-Galactose-Treated Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Antoine K. Kandeda ◽  
Danide Nguedia ◽  
Espoir R. Ayissi ◽  
Jonas Kouamouo ◽  
Théophile Dimo
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Spontaneous Alternation ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive cognitive dysfunction. However, pharmacological treatments are symptomatic and have many side effects, opening the opportunity to alternative medicine. This study investigated the antiamnesic effect of the aqueous extract of Ziziphus jujuba on D-galactose-induced working memory impairment in rats. Impairment of working memory was induced by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of D-galactose (350 mg/kg/day) to rats for 21 days. These animals were then subjected to object recognition and Y-maze tests. Rats with confirmed memory impairment were treated per os (p.o.) with tacrine (10 mg/kg), aspirin (20 mg/kg, p.o.), extract (41.5, 83, and 166 mg/kg, p.o.), and distilled water (10 mL/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days. At the end of the treatments, alteration in working memory was assessed using the above paradigms. Afterward, these animals were euthanized, and cholinergic, proinflammatory, and neuronal damage markers were analyzed in the prefrontal cortex. Rats administered D-galactose and treated with distilled water had impaired working memory (evidenced by decreased time spent on the novel object and discrimination index) and decreased spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze. D-galactose also decreased the levels of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine and increased the level of glial fibrillary acidic protein, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Treatment with the extract (166 mg/kg) reversed the time spent on the novel object and the discrimination index. It equally increased the percentage of spontaneous alternation. Neurochemical analysis revealed that the extract markedly alleviated acetylcholinesterase activity and neuroinflammation. These observations were corroborated by the reduction in neuronal loss. Taken together, these results suggest that Ziziphus jujuba aqueous extract possesses an antiamnesic effect. This effect seems to involve cholinergic and anti-inflammatory modulations. This, therefore, claims using this plant in the treatment of dementia in Cameroon subject to further studies and trials.

Prefrontal cortex and mediodorsal thalamus reduced connectivity is associated with spatial working memory impairment in rats with inflammatory pain

Pain ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (11) ◽  
pp. 2397-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helder Cardoso-Cruz ◽  
Mafalda Sousa ◽  
Joana B. Vieira ◽  
Deolinda Lima ◽  
Vasco Galhardo
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Mediodorsal Thalamus

scholarly journals Enriched environment improves working memory impairment of mice with traumatic brain injury by enhancing histone acetylation in the prefrontal cortex

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e6113
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Zhaoxiang Meng ◽  
Jibing Wang ◽  
Hongyu Zhou ◽  
Yi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cholinergic System ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
H3 Acetylation

Working memory impairment is a common cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI), which severely affects the quality of life of patients. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter which is closely related to cognitive functions. In addition, epigenetic modifications are also related to cognitive functions. A neurorehabilitation strategy, enriched environment (EE) intervention, has been widely used to improve cognitive impairment. However, studies of the mechanism of EE on cholinergic system and epigenetic modifications in mouse with TBI have not been reported yet. In this paper, a mouse model with traumatic frontal lobe injury was established, and the mechanism on EE for the mice with TBI was explored. It was found that EE could improve Y-maze performance of mice with TBI, the function of cholinergic system, and the imbalance of acetylation homeostasis in the prefrontal cortex of contralateral side of TBI. In addition, EE also could increase the level of CREB binding protein and histones H3 acetylation at ChAT gene promoter region in the prefrontal cortex of contralateral side of TBI. These indicate that EE has an important effect on the improvement of working memory impairment and the underlying mechanism may involve in histones H3 acetylation at ChAT gene promoter regions in the prefrontal cortex.

Working memory impairment and reduced hippocampal and prefrontal cortex c-Fos expression in a rat model of cirrhosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Méndez ◽  
Magdalena Méndez-López ◽  
Laudino López ◽  
María A. Aller ◽  
Jaime Arias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Fos Expression
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