scholarly journals A Comprehensive Analysis of Magnetic Field Based Indoor Positioning With Smartphones: Opportunities, Challenges and Practical Limitations

IEEE Access ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 228548-228571
Author(s):  
Imran Ashraf ◽  
Yousaf Bin Zikria ◽  
Soojung Hur ◽  
Yongwan Park
Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6664
Author(s):  
Letícia Fernandes ◽  
Sara Santos ◽  
Marília Barandas ◽  
Duarte Folgado ◽  
Ricardo Leonardo ◽  
...  

Infrastructure-free Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS) are becoming popular due to their scalability and a wide range of applications. Such systems often rely on deployed Wi-Fi networks. However, their usability may be compromised, either due to scanning restrictions from recent Android versions or the proliferation of 5G technology. This raises the need for new infrastructure-free IPS independent of Wi-Fi networks. In this paper, we propose the use of magnetic field data for IPS, through Deep Neural Networks (DNN). Firstly, a dataset of human indoor trajectories was collected with different smartphones. Afterwards, a magnetic fingerprint was constructed and relevant features were extracted to train a DNN that returns a probability map of a user’s location. Finally, two postprocessing methods were applied to obtain the most probable location regions. We asserted the performance of our solution against a test dataset, which produced a Success Rate of around 80%. We believe that these results are competitive for an IPS based on a single sensing source. Moreover, the magnetic field can be used as an additional information layer to increase the robustness and redundancy of current multi-source IPS.


Soft Matter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (17) ◽  
pp. 3552-3564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Romeis ◽  
Vladimir Toshchevikov ◽  
Marina Saphiannikova

Based on the dipole–dipole approach for magnetic interactions we present a comprehensive analysis of spatial rearrangement of magnetic particles under a magnetic field and its effect on the magneto-induced deformation of magneto-sensitive elastomers.


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