scholarly journals β-Amylase–Like Proteins Function as Transcription Factors in Arabidopsis, Controlling Shoot Growth and Development

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1391-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Reinhold ◽  
Sebastian Soyk ◽  
Klára Šimková ◽  
Carmen Hostettler ◽  
John Marafino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Growth

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and expression profiles of ERF subfamily transcription factors in Zea mays

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9551
Author(s):  
Lidong Hao ◽  
Shubing Shi ◽  
Haibin Guo ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Pan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genes Expression

The Ethylene-Response Factor (ERF) subfamily transcription factors (TFs) belong to the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily and play a vital role in plant growth and development. However, identification and analysis of the ERF subfamily genes in maize have not yet been performed at genome-wide level. In this study, a total of 76 ERF subfamily TFs were identified and were found to be unevenly distributed on the maize chromosomes. These maize ERF (ZmERF) TFs were classified into six groups, namely groups B1 to B6, based on phylogenetic analysis. Synteny analysis showed that 50, 54, and 58 of the ZmERF genes were orthologous to those in rice, Brachypodium, and Sorghum, respectively. Cis-element analysis showed that elements related to plant growth and development, hormones, and abiotic stress were identified in the promoter region of ZmERF genes. Expression profiles suggested that ZmERF genes might participate in plant development and in response to salinity and drought stresses. Our findings lay a foundation and provide clues for understanding the biological functions of ERF TFs in maize.

Growth and Development of Field Horsetail (Equisetum arvenseL.)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Equisetum Arvense ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Shoot Growth Rate ◽  
Rhizome System

The growth and development of field horsetail (Equisetum arvenseL. # EQUAR) was measured outdoors using potted plants grown from one-node rhizome fragments. Shoot growth rate increased slowly after planting in March, accelerating to a maximum during July with maximas for shoot height during August and shoot number in September. Rhizome system growth rates initially followed a similar pattern to that of the shoots achieving a maximum during July. Dry matter accumulated in the rhizomes until October and declined thereafter throughout the winter. Tubers initiated during August grew in size and number until November, well beyond the period of active shoot growth and onset of senescence. The characteristics of the growth and development of field horsetail are discussed in relation to achieving weed control via cultural and herbicide treatments.

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE LOWBUSH BLUEBERRY: APICAL ABORTION

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1319-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Barker ◽  
W. B. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Strong Indication ◽  
Vegetative Tissue ◽  
Aerial Shoot ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
High Level

The semicultivated lowbush blueberry is fire-pruned on a 3- to 4-year cycle. In spring, vegetative growth is accomplished through the development of an axillary bud on an aerial shoot. In a fire-pruned area, the growth is delayed in both its initiation and termination by as much as a month and arises either from axillary buds on the unburned below-ground portions of the aerial stems, or from rhizome seated buds. Shoot growth is terminated by the abortion of the apical meristem and the death of the proximal portions of the axis. Evidence is presented suggesting that the death of the apex is not triggered by an appropriate photoperiod. Further, although it is inherently controlled, it does not follow the production of a specified quantity (relative to clone) of leaf nor vegetative tissue and is not related to the development of a specified (per clone) leaf photosynthetic area. Finally, there is a strong indication that the death of the shoot is speeded by the presence of a high level of auxin.

Effects of the Wenchuan Earthquake on shoot growth and development of the umbrella bamboo(Fargesia robusta), one of the giant panda's staple bamboos

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 3001-3009
Author(s):  
廖丽欢 LIAO Lihuan ◽  
徐雨 XU Yu ◽  
冉江洪 RAN Jianghong ◽  
郑雯 ZHENG Wen ◽  
缪宁 MIAO Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake

scholarly journals Deep simple epicotyl morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of two Viburnum species, with special reference to shoot growth and development inside the seed

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Te Chien ◽  
Shun-Ying Chen ◽  
Ching-Chu Tsai ◽  
Jerry M. Baskin ◽  
Carol C. Baskin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Morphophysiological Dormancy

Temperature and Other Climatic Influences on Shoot Development and Growth of Eucalyptus regnans

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
KW Cremer
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Shoot Development ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Eucalyptus Regnans ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

The growth and development of shoots of Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. trees up to 8 m tall growing in their natural environment in central Tasmania were studied continuously for 3 years and related to climatic factors. The influences of temperature were further investigated by experiments with seedlings in a phytotron. Height growth was practically nil in winter and greatest in summer. Throughout the year weekly rates of height growth were closely related to weekly mean maximum air temperatures, increasing from nil or slight at 10�C to peak rates at the highest temperatures experienced (25°). Substantial diameter increments were observed in all seasons and their relation to temperature was relatively weak. There was no positive relation between weekly growth in height or diameter and weekly precipitation. Bud and shoot growth were characterized by continuity of development of all organs throughout the growing season. The youngest of the leaves and internodes which had emerged before winter from the bud resumed growth in spring, but did not reach the lengths achieved by those leaves and internodes which emerged from the bud after winter. It was only by this morphological feature that the boundaries of the annual shoot were identifiable. In agreement with the field observations, the growth of seedlings in glasshouses was found to be slow at day/night air temperatures of 10/5°C and to increase steeply with temperatures to 24/19°. Amongst the notable morphogenic influences associated with increasing temperatures in the glasshouses were poorer root development relative to top growth, thinner and smaller but more numerous leaves, and shorter and more numerous internodes. The elongation of individual leaves and internodes was faster but considerably less prolonged as temperatures increased. The E. regnans seedlings tested failed to prove thermoperiodically sensitive. It is concluded that the dormancy in shoot development observed in the field during winter is due to quiescence imposed by low temperatures, and that in the Tasmanian environment the pattern of growth and development of the vegetative shoots of E. regnans is directly and predominantly controlled by air temperatures throughout the year.

scholarly journals Integrative ATAC-seq and RNA-seq Analysis of the Longissimus Muscle of Luchuan and Duroc Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Miao ◽  
Zeqiang Ma ◽  
Zhanyang Tang ◽  
Lin Yu ◽  
Siqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Accessible Chromatin

Luchuan pig is a typical obese pig breed in China, and the diameter and area of its longissimus dorsi muscle fibers are significantly smaller than those of Duroc (lean) pig. Skeletal muscle fiber characteristics are related to meat quality of livestock. There is a significant correlation between the quality of different breeds of pork and the characteristics of muscle fiber, which is an important factor affecting the quality of pork. The diameter and area of muscle fibers are related to muscle growth and development. Therefore, we used the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the difference in skeletal muscle growth and development between the two types of pigs. First, transposase-accessible chromatin was analyzed to map the landscape of open chromatin regions and transcription factor binding sites. We identified several transcription factors that potentially affected muscle growth and development, including TFAP4, MAX, NHLH1, FRX5, and TGIF1. We also found that transcription factors with basic helix-loop-helix structures had a preference for binding to genes involved in muscle development. Then, by integrating ATAC-seq and RNA-seq, we found that the Wnt signaling pathway, the mTOR signaling pathway, and other classical pathways regulate skeletal muscle development. In addition, some pathways that might regulate skeletal muscle growth, such as parathyroid hormone synthesis, secretion, and action, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, and the thyroid hormone signaling pathway, which were significantly enriched. After further study, we identified a number of candidate genes (ASNS, CARNS1, G0S2, PPP1R14C, and SH3BP5) that might be associated with muscle development. We also found that the differential regulation of chromatin openness at the level of some genes was contrary to the differential regulation at the level of transcription, suggesting that transcription factors and transcriptional repressors may be involved in the regulation of gene expression. Our study provided an in-depth understanding of the mechanism behind the differences in muscle fibers from two species of pig and provided an important foundation for further research on improving the quality of pork.

scholarly journals Daylength Influences Growth and Development of Achimenes Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1595-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Vlahos
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Mass Number ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Shoot Mass

Six cultivars of Achimenes, `Blau Import', `Blauer Planet', `Linda', `Prima Donna', `Schneewittchen', and `Tetraelfe', were grown for 16 weeks under short (SD, 8 hours) or long days (LD, 16 hours) at 21C in a greenhouse. LD increased plant height, shoot mass, number of flowers, and accelerated time to anthesis. SD, depending on the cultivar, increased number of rhizomes. Results show differences in several characteristics of growth and development among the cultivars and that LD promote shoot growth and flowering.

scholarly journals Genome Identification and Expression Analysis of GRAS Family Related to Development, Hormone and Pathogen Stress in Brachypodium distachyon

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zejun Tang ◽  
Na Song ◽  
Weiye Peng ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Tian Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Brachypodium Distachyon ◽  
Gras Family ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Insight Into

GRAS transcription factors are widely present in the plant kingdom and play important roles in regulating multiple plant physiological processes. Brachypodium distachyon is a model for grasses for researching plant-pathogen interactions. However, little is known about the BdGRAS family genes involved in plant response to biotic stress. In this study, we identified 63 genes of the GRAS family in B. distachyon. The phylogenetic analysis showed that BdGRAS genes were divided into ten subfamilies and unevenly distributed on five chromosomes. qRT-PCR results showed that the BdGRAS family genes were involved in the growth and development of B. distachyon. Moreover, the expression of the HAM subfamily genes of BdGRAS changed during the interaction between B. distachyon and Magnaporthe oryzae. Interestingly, BdGRAS31 in the HAM subfamily was regulated by miR171 after inoculation with M. oryzae. These results provide insight into the potential functions of the BdGRAS family in disease resistance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document