scholarly journals Salinity Effects on Water Potential Components and Bulk Elastic Modulus of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Bolaños ◽  
David J. Longstreth
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Salinity Effects ◽  
Bulk Elastic Modulus

Growth patterns of Phragmites karka under saline conditions depend on the bulk elastic modulus

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erum Shoukat ◽  
Irfan Aziz ◽  
Muhammad Zaheer Ahmed ◽  
Zainul Abideen ◽  
Muhammad Ajmal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hydraulic Capacitance ◽  
Phragmites Karka ◽  
Bulk Elastic Modulus

Salt stress is known to hamper steady-state water flow, which may reduce plant growth. This research was aimed to study the roles of leaf turgor, osmotic adjustment and cell wall elasticity under saline conditions which may reduce biomass production in Phragmites karka (Retz.) Trin, ex. Steud. (a marsh grass). Plants were grown in 0, 100 and 300 mM NaCl and harvested on 3, 7, 15 and 30 days to observe periodic changes in growth and water relations. Leaf number, relative growth rate, and relative elongation rates were higher in the non-saline control than in the plants grown under saline conditions. Plants showed a rapid decline in leaf growth rate (7–15 days) in 300 mM NaCl compared with a delayed response (15–30 days) in 100 mM NaCl. Leaf water potential decreased with increases in salinity after the third day of exposure whereas osmotic potential decreased after the fifteenth day. Low leaf turgor (Ψp) on the third day indicated an initial phase of osmotic stress under saline conditions. Plants maintained higher Ψp in 0 and 100 mM than in 300 mM NaCl. Differences between mid-day and pre-dawn water potential and water saturation deficit were higher in 300 mM NaCl than with other treatments. Water potential and hydraulic capacitance at turgor loss point decreased whereas bulk elastic modulus increased in 300 mM NaCl. Maintenance of turgor and growth at 100 mM NaCl could be related to efficient osmotic adjustment (use of K+ and Cl–), higher WUEi, and lower bulk elasticity whereas poor growth at 300 mM NaCl may have been a consequence of low turgor, decreased cell hydraulic capacitance and higher bulk elastic modulus.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the dependence of the bulk elastic modulus of the liquid on pressure and gas factor

2019 ◽  
Vol 1399 ◽  
pp. 055083 ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Lunev ◽  
A A Nikitin ◽  
Y F Kaizer ◽  
A V Lysyannikov ◽  
D A Sokolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Bulk Elastic Modulus

Influence of Pressure of Electron Gas on Elastic Property of Metal

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 857-860
Author(s):  
Li Jun He
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Electron Gas ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Conduction Electrons ◽  
Valence Electrons ◽  
Dirac Distribution ◽  
Atom Potential ◽  
Bulk Elastic Modulus

A balloon filled with electron gas model was built to simulate metal for calculating its bulk elastic. Electron gas obeyed Fermi-Dirac distribution and satisfied with theory of ideal gas. Expression of metal bulk elastic modulus was derived, and the comparison between the new method given in this paper with current method according to theory of atom potential energy on calculation accuracy was also given. It showed that, pressure of electron gas closely related to bulk elastic modulus, and maybe it was the major factor in determining bulk elastic modulus of metal; not all of valence electrons of atom in metal became conduction electrons to form the electron gas; new model of present work is superior to traditional method based on calculating derivative of potential energy.

scholarly journals Water Relation Parameters of the Cortex Tissue of Fresh ‘Fuji’ Apple Fruit Determined by Centrifugation

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Min Hou ◽  
Zi-Hua Wang ◽  
Xi-Min Deng ◽  
Guo-Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Water Relation ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Pressure Potential ◽  
Centrifuge Method ◽  
Turgor Loss Point ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Fuji Apple ◽  
Bulk Elastic Modulus

This experiment was carried out to obtain a pressure–volume (P-V) curve and Höfler diagram of the cortex tissue of fresh ‘Fuji’ apple fruit (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) with a novel centrifuge method. Based on the P-V curve and Höfler diagram, several water relation parameters of cortex tissue were determined and the interrelationship of these parameters was established. Turgor loss point (TLP) occurred at –1.74 MPa and 73.7% of relative water content (R*). At full hydration, osmotic potential (ψS) was –1.30 MPa and symplastic water accounted for 86.8% of R*. Bulk elastic modulus decreased linearly by 28% as pressure potential declined from 1.30 MPa at full hydration to zero at the TLP. This centrifuge technique can provide a simple and efficient way to determine water relation parameters of fleshy fruits.

scholarly journals Salinity Effects on Photosynthesis and Growth in Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 1044-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Longstreth ◽  
Jorge A. Bolaños ◽  
James E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Salinity Effects

Static Elastic Modulus of Tomato Epidermis As Affected by Water Potential

1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 0594-0597 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Murase ◽  
G. E. Merva
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Water Potential

Some possible sources of error in determining bulk elastic moduli and other parameters from pressure–volume curves of shoots and leaves

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 758-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. N. S. Cheung ◽  
M. T. Tyree ◽  
J. Dainty
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Sources Of Error ◽  
Bulk Parameters ◽  
Bulk Elastic Modulus

Pressure–volume curves were constructed from well defined models and hypothetical shoots in which reasonable values of osmotic pressure and cell wall elastic moduli were specified for cell types of different relative volumes. The pressure–volume curves so obtained closely resembled those of real shoots and leaves. Comparing the bulk parameters obtained from analysis of the constructed pressure–volume curves with the values defined in the models allows us to examine the sources of error in their evaluation. The graphical values of the original bulk osmotic pressure and of the total volume of osmotic (symplasmic) water agreed very well with those defined; however, the osmotic pressure at incipient plasmolysis and the bulk elastic moduli estimated from the graph were generally lower than their actual values originally used in the models. We show that the apparent linear dependence of the bulk elastic modulus of sitka spruce reported by Hellkvist et al. (1974) may not reflect a similar linearity for the elastic moduli of individual cells.

Cell wall elasticity: I. A critique of the bulk elastic modulus approach and an analysis using polymer elastic principles

1985 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 563-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
HSIN-I WU ◽  
RICHARD D. SPENCE ◽  
PETER J. H. SHARPE ◽  
JOHN D. GOESCHL
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Cell Wall Elasticity ◽  
Bulk Elastic Modulus
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