scholarly journals Temperature response of C4 photosynthesis: Biochemical analysis of Rubisco, Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase and Carbonic Anhydrase in Setaria viridis.

2015 ◽  
pp. pp.00586.2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Allen Boyd ◽  
Anthony Gandin ◽  
Asaph B Cousins
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Setaria Viridis

scholarly journals Identification of a low CO2 responsive mutant from chemical mutagenesis of Setaria viridis shows that reduced carbonic anhydrase severely limits C4 photosynthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolly Chatterjee ◽  
Robert A Coe ◽  
Kelvin Acebron ◽  
Vivek Thakur ◽  
Ragothaman M Yennamalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Bioinformatics Analyses ◽  
Pep Carboxylase ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Low Co2 ◽  
Ca Protein

Abstract In C4 species β-carbonic anhydrase (CA), localized to the cytosol of the mesophyll cells, accelerates the interconversion of CO2 to HCO3  -, the substrate used by PEP carboxylase in the first step of C4 photosynthesis. Here we describe the identification and characterization of a low CO2  responsive mutant 1 (lcr1) isolated from a N-Nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) treated Setaria viridis mutant population. Forward genetic investigation revealed that the mutated gene Sevir.5G247800 of lcr1 possessed a single nucleotide transition from Cytosine to Thymine in a β-carbonic anhydrase gene causing an amino acid change from Leucine to Phenylalanine. This resulted in severe reduction in growth and photosynthesis in the mutant. Both the CO2 compensation point and carbon isotope discrimination values of the mutant were significantly increased. Growth of the mutants were stunted when grown under ambient pCO2 but recovered at elevated pCO2. Further bioinformatics analyses revealed that the mutation has led to functional changes in one of the conserved residues of the protein, situated near the catalytic site. CA transcript accumulation in the mutant was 80% lower, CA protein accumulation 30% lower and CA activity ~98% lower compared to WT. Changes in the abundance of other primary C4 pathway enzymes were observed; accumulation of PEP carboxylase (PEPC) protein was significantly increased and accumulation of Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH) and Malic Enzyme (ME) decreased. The reduction of CA protein activity and abundance in lcr1 restricts the supply of bicarbonate to PEPC limiting C4 photosynthesis and growth. This study establishes Sevir.5G247800 as the major CA allele in Setaria for C4 photosynthesis and provides important insights into the function of CA in C4 photosynthesis that would be required to generate a rice plant with a functional C4 biochemical pathway.

scholarly journals A Transgenic Approach to Understanding the Influence of Carbonic Anhydrase on C18OO Discrimination during C4 Photosynthesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 662-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asaph B. Cousins ◽  
Murray R. Badger ◽  
Susanne von Caemmerer
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis

scholarly journals Setaria viridis: A Model for C4 Photosynthesis

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 2537-2544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Brutnell ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Kerry Swartwood ◽  
Alexander Goldschmidt ◽  
David Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Setaria Viridis

Carbon dioxide, the substrate for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from leaves of maize

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1455-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Waygood ◽  
Regis Mache ◽  
C. K. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea ◽  
Natural Photosynthesis

Using a spectrophotometric technique it has been shown that CO2 is the substrate for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.31) from leaves of Zea mays. The Km (CO2) is approximately 7.5 × 10−6 M, which is the order of the half saturation value for CO2 in natural photosynthesis. Studies indicate also that carbonic anhydrase is localized in chloroplasts, isolated by the 'laceration technique' from leaves of Spinacea oleracea, but is absent from leaves of Zea mays. It is speculated that carbonic anhydrase catalyses a 'trap' for the CO2 escaping into the environment via photorespiration.

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