scholarly journals Sucrose Accumulation in the Sugarcane Stem Is Regulated by the Difference between the Activities of Soluble Acid Invertase and Sucrose Phosphate Synthase

1997 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. J. Zhu ◽  
E. Komor ◽  
P. H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sugarcane Stem ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Synthase

scholarly journals Levels and Role of Sucrose Synthase, Sucrose-phosphate Synthase, and Acid Invertase in Sucrose Accumulation in Fruit of Asian Pear

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaya Moriguchi ◽  
Kazuyuki Abe ◽  
Tetsuro Sanada ◽  
Shohei Yamaki
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Synthase ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Asian Pear ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate

Soluble sugar content and activities of the sucrose-metabolizing enzymes sucrose synthase (SS) (EC 2.4.1.13), sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) (EC 2.4.1.14), and acid invertase (EC 2.4.1.26) were analyzed in the pericarp of fruit from pear cultivars that differed in their potential to accumulate sucrose to identify key enzymes involved in sucrose accumulation in Asian pears. The Japanese pear `Chojuro' [Pyrus pyrifolia (Burro. f.) Nakai] was characterized as a high-sucrose-accumulating type based on the analysis of mature fruit, while the Chinese pear `Yali' (P. bretschneideri Rehd.) was a low-sucrose-accumulating type throughout all developmental stages. The activity of SS and SPS in `Chojuro' increased during maturation concomitant with sucrose accumulation, whereas the activity of these enzymes in `Yali' did not increase during maturation. The activity of SS and SPS in the former were seven and four times, respectively, higher than those in the latter at the mature stage. Further, among 23 pear cultivars, SS activity was closely correlated with sucrose content, while SPS activity was weakly correlated. Soluble acid invertase activity in `Chojuro' and `Yali' decreased with fruit maturation, but the relationships between soluble invertase activity and sucrose content were not significant. The results indicate that SS and SPS are important determinants of sucrose accumulation in Asian pear fruit and that a decrease of soluble acid invertase activity is not absolutely required for sucrose accumulation.

scholarly journals 174 Muskmelon Fruit Soluble Acid Invertase and Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Activity and Polypeptide Profiles during Growth and Maturation

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 420C-420
Author(s):  
Gene Lester ◽  
Luis Saucedo Arias ◽  
Miguel Gomez-Lim
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate

Muskmelon [Cucumis melo L. (Reticulatus Group)] fruit sugar content is the single most important consumer preference attribute. During fruit ripening, sucrose accumulates when soluble acid invertase (AI) activity is less then sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity. To genetically heighten fruit sugar content, knowledge of sugar accumulation during fruit development in conjunction with AI and SPS enzyme activities and their peptide immunodetection profiles is needed. Two netted muskmelon cultivars [`Valley Gold' (VG), a high sugar accumulator, and `North Star' (NS), a low sugar accumulator] with similar maturity indices were assayed for fruit sugars, AI, and SPS activity and immunodetection of AI and SPS polypeptides following 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 (abscission) days after anthesis (DAA). Both cultivars, grown in spring and fall, showed similar total sugar accumulation profiles. Total sugars increased 1.5 fold, from 2 through 5 DAA and then remained unchanged until 30 DAA. From 30 DAA until abscission, total sugar content increased, with VG accumulating significantly more sugar then NS. In both cultivars, during both seasons, sucrose was detected at 2 DAA, which coincided with higher SPS activity than AI activity. At 5 through 25 DAA, SPS activity was less then AI activity resulting in little or no sucrose detection. It was not until 30 DAA that SPS activity was greater than AI activity resulting in increased sucrose accumulation. VG at abscission had higher total sugar content and SPS activity and lower AI activity than NS. Total polypeptides from both cultivars 2 through 40 DAA, were immunodetected with antibodies: anti-AI and anti-SPS. NS had Al isoforms bands at 75, 52, 38, and 25 kDa that generally decreased wtih DAA. One isoform at 52 kDa remained detectable up to anthesis (40 DAA) VG had the same four Al isoforms, all decreased with DAA and became undetectable by 20 DAA. It is unclear if one or all AI isoforms correspond with detected enzyme activity. VG and NS had one SPS band at 58 kDa that increased with DAA and concomitantly with SPS activity. VG had a more intense SPS polypeptide band at abscission then did NS. Thus, netted muskmelon sugar accumulation may be increased by selecting for cultivars with a specific number of AI isoforms, which are down-regulated, and with high SPS activity during fruit ripening.

scholarly journals 746 PB 102 DIFFERENCES IN SUCROSE METABOLISM RELATIVE TO ACCUMULATION OF BIRD-DETERRENT SUCROSE LEVELS IN FRUIT OF VACCINIUM SPECIES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 540a-540
Author(s):  
R.L. Darnell ◽  
R. Cano-Medrano ◽  
K.E. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Apparent Correlation ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
High Sucrose ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate

Variability in sucrose levels and metabolism in ripe fruit of several Vaccinium species were examined. The objective was to determine if sufficient variability for fruit sucrose accumulation was present in existing populations to warrant attempts to breed for high-sucrose fruit, which potentially would be less subject to bird predation. Three-fold differences in fruit sucrose concentration were found among species, ranging from 19 to 24 mg·(g fw)-1 in V. stamineum and V. arboreum to about 7 mg·(g fw)-1 in cultivated blueberry (V. ashei and V. corymbosum) and V. darrowi. Soluble acid invertase activity was negatively correlated with fruit sucrose concentration. There was no apparent correlation between fruit sugar concentration and either sucrose phosphate synthase or sucrose synthase activities, both of which were low for all species studied. The degree of variability in fruit sucrose accumulation among Vaccinium species supports the feasibility of developing high sucrose fruit, which would be a potentially valuable addition to current strategies of minimizing crop losses to birds.

scholarly journals Muskmelon Fruit Soluble Acid Invertase and Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Activity and Polypeptide Profiles during Growth and Maturation

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene E. Lester ◽  
Luis Saucedo Arias ◽  
Miguel Gomez-Lim
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate

Muskmelon [Cucumis melo L. (Reticulatus Group)] fruit sugar content is the single most important consumer preference attribute. During fruit ripening, sucrose accumulates when soluble acid invertase (AI) activity is less then sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity. To genetically heighten fruit sugar content, knowledge of sugar accumulation during fruit development in conjunction with AI and SPS enzyme activities and their peptide immunodetection profiles, is needed. Two netted muskmelon cultivars, Valley Gold a high sugar accumulator, and North Star a low sugar accumulator, with identical maturity indices were assayed for fruit sugars, AI and SPS activity, and immunodetection of AI and SPS polypeptides 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 (abscission) days after anthesis (DAA). Both cultivars, grown in the Fall, 1998 and Spring, 1999, showed similar total sugar accumulation profiles. Total sugars increased 1.5 fold, from 2 through 5 DAA, then remained unchanged until 30 DAA. From 30 DAA until abscission, total sugar content increased, with `Valley Gold' accumulating significantly more than `North Star'. During both seasons, sucrose was detected at 2 DAA, which coincided with SPS activity higher than AI activity, at 5 through 25 DAA, no sucrose was detected which coincided with SPS activity less than AI activity. At 30 DAA when SPS activity was greater than AI activity, increased sucrose accumulation occurred. `Valley Gold' at abscission had higher total sugar content and SPS activity, and lower AI activity than `North Star'. `North Star' had AI isoforms at 75, 52, 38, and 25 kDa (ku) that generally decreased with maturation, although the isoform at 52 ku remained detectable up to anthesis (40 DAA). `Valley Gold' had the same four AI isoforms, all decreased with maturation and became undetectable by 20 DAA. Both `Valley Gold' and `North Star' had one SPS band at 58 ku that increased with DAA, and coincided with SPS activity. `Valley Gold' had a more intense SPS polypeptide band at abscission than `North Star'. Thus, netted muskmelon fruit sugar accumulation may be increased, either by genetic manipulation or by selecting for cultivars with a specific number of down-regulated AI isoforms, and higher SPS activity during fruit ripening.

Metabolic engineering of invertase activities in different subcellular compartments affects sucrose accumulation in sugarcane cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Ma ◽  
Henrik H. Albert ◽  
Robert Paull ◽  
Paul H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Transgenic Sugarcane ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Invertase Gene ◽  
Soluble Acid

Transgenic sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) lines were created to express altered invertase isoform activity to elucidate the role(s) of invertase in the sucrose accumulation process. A sugarcane soluble acid invertase cDNA (SCINVm, AF062734) in the antisense orientation was used to decrease invertase activity. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae invertase gene (SUC2), fused with appropriate targeting elements, was used to increase invertase activity in the apoplast, cytoplasm and vacuole. A callus/liquid culture system was established to evaluate change in invertase activity and sugar concentration in the transgenic lines. Increased invertase activity in the apoplast led to rapid hydrolysis of sucrose and rapid increase of hexose in the medium. The cellular hexose content increased dramatically and the sucrose level decreased. Cells with higher cytoplasmic invertase activity did not show a significant change in the sugar composition in the medium, but did significantly reduce the sucrose content in the cells. Transformation with the sugarcane antisense acid invertase gene produced a cell line with moderate inhibition of soluble acid invertase activity and a 2-fold increase in sucrose accumulation. Overall, intracellular and extracellular sugar composition was very sensitive to the change in invertase activities. Lowering acid invertase activity increased sucrose accumulation.

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