scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analyses in Cornus Substantiate Ancestry of Xylem Supercooling Freezing Behavior and Reveal Lineage of Desiccation Related Proteins

2004 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 1654-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale T. Karlson ◽  
(Jenny) Qiu-Yun Xiang ◽  
Vicki E. Stirm ◽  
A.M. Shirazi ◽  
Edward N. Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Freezing Behavior ◽  
Related Proteins

scholarly journals New Non-Bilaterian Transcriptomes Provide Novel Insights into the Evolution of Coral Skeletomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3068-3081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Conci ◽  
Gert Wörheide ◽  
Sergio Vargas
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Biomineralization Process ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Taxonomically Restricted Genes ◽  
Acidic Proteins ◽  
Related Proteins

Abstract A general trend observed in animal skeletomes—the proteins occluded in animal skeletons—is the copresence of taxonomically widespread and lineage-specific proteins that actively regulate the biomineralization process. Among cnidarians, the skeletomes of scleractinian corals have been shown to follow this trend. However, distributions and phylogenetic analyses of biomineralization-related genes are often based on only a few species, with other anthozoan calcifiers such as octocorals (soft corals), not being fully considered. We de novo assembled the transcriptomes of four soft-coral species characterized by different calcification strategies (aragonite skeleton vs. calcitic sclerites) and data-mined published nonbilaterian transcriptome resources to construct a taxonomically comprehensive sequence database to map the distribution of scleractinian and octocoral skeletome components. Cnidaria shared no skeletome proteins with Placozoa or Ctenophora, but did share some skeletome proteins with Porifera, such as galaxin-related proteins. Within Scleractinia and Octocorallia, we expanded the distribution for several taxonomically restricted genes such as secreted acidic proteins, scleritin, and carbonic anhydrases, and propose an early, single biomineralization-recruitment event for galaxin sensu stricto. Additionally, we show that the enrichment of acidic residues within skeletogenic proteins did not occur at the Corallimorpharia–Scleractinia transition, but appears to be associated with protein secretion into the organic matrix. Finally, the distribution of octocoral calcification-related proteins appears independent of skeleton mineralogy (i.e., aragonite/calcite) with no differences in the proportion of shared skeletogenic proteins between scleractinians and aragonitic or calcitic octocorals. This points to skeletome homogeneity within but not between groups of calcifying cnidarians, although some proteins such as galaxins and SCRiP-3a could represent instances of commonality.

Bacterial genome chimaerism and the origin of mitochondria

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Abhishek ◽  
Anish Bavishi ◽  
Ashay Bavishi ◽  
Madhusudan Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Rhodospirillum Rubrum ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Rickettsia Prowazekii ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
The Family ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Similarity Searches

Many studies have sought to determine the origin and evolution of mitochondria. Although the Alphaproteobacteria are thought to be the closest relatives of the mitochondrial progenitor, there is dispute as to what its particular sister group is. Some have argued that mitochondria originated from ancestors of the order Rickettsiales, or more specifically of the Rickettsiaceae family, while others believe that ancestors of the family Rhodospirillaceae are also equally likely the progenitors. To resolve some of these disputes, sequence similarity searches and phylogenetic analyses were performed against mitochondria-related proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . The 86 common matches of 5 Alphaproteobacteria ( Rickettsia prowazekii , Rhodospirillum rubrum , R hodopseudomonas palustris , Rhodobacter sphaeroides , and Ochrobactrum anthropi ) to yeast mitochondrial proteins were distributed fairly evenly among the 5 species when sorted by highest identity or score. Moreover, exploratory phylogenetic analyses revealed that among these common matches, 44.19% (38) had branched most closely with O. anthropi, while only 34.88% (30) corresponded with Rickettsia prowazekii. More detailed phylogenetic analyses with additional Alphaproteobacteria and including genes from the mitochondria of Reclinomonas americana found matches of mitochondrial genes to those of members of the Rickettsiaceae, Anaplasmataceae, and Rhodospirillaceae families. The results support the idea that notable bacterial genome chimaerism has occurred en route to the formation of mitochondria.

scholarly journals New non-bilaterian transcriptomes provide novel insights into the evolution of coral skeletomes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Conci ◽  
Gert Wörheide ◽  
Sergio Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Biomineralization Process ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Taxonomically Restricted Genes ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Group Distribution

AbstractA general feature of animal skeletomes is the co-presence of taxonomically widespread and lineage-specific proteins that actively regulate the biomineralization process. Among cnidarians, the skeletomes of scleractinian corals have been shown to follow this trend, however in this group distribution and phylogenetic analyses of biomineralization-related genes have been often based on limited numbers of species, with other anthozoan calcifiers such as octocorals, being overlooked. We de-novo sequenced the transcriptomes of four soft-coral species characterized by different calcification strategies (aragonite skeleton vs. calcitic sclerites) and data-mined published non-bilaterian transcriptomic resources to construct a taxonomically comprehensive sequence database to map the distribution of scleractinian and octocoral skeletome components. At the large scale, no protein showed a ‘Cnidaria+Placozoa’ or ‘Cnidaria+Ctenophora’ distribution, while some were found in cnidarians and Porifera. Within Scleractinia and Octocorallia, we expanded the distribution for several taxonomically restricted genes (TRGs) and propose an alternative evolutionary scenario, involving an early single biomineralization-recruitment event, for galaxin sensu stricto. Additionally, we show that the enrichment of acidic residues within skeletogenic proteins did not occur at the Corallimorpharia-Scleractinia transition, but appears to be associated with protein secretion in the organic matrix. Finally, the distribution of octocoral calcification-related proteins appears independent of skeleton mineralogy (i.e. aragonite/calcite) with no differences on the proportion of shared skeletogenic proteins between scleractinians and aragonitic or calcitic octocorals. This points to skeletome homogeneity within but not between groups of calcifying cnidarians, although some proteins like galaxins and SCRiP-3a could represent instances of commonality.

scholarly journals A Novel Class of Elicitin-like Genes from Phytophthora infestans

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1028-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophien Kamoun ◽  
Hannele Lindqvist ◽  
Francine Govers
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Cdna Library ◽  
Hypersensitive Response ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Potato Tissue ◽  
Sequence Alignments ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Multiple Sequence Alignments ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Related Proteins

Elicitins are a family of structurally related proteins that induce hypersensitive response in specific plant species. Two Phytophthora infestans cDNAs, inf2A and inf2B, potentially encoding novel elicitin-like proteins, were isolated from a cDNA library made from infected potato tissue. Multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic analyses of 19 elicitins and elicitin-like proteins from nine Phytophthora spp. and from Pythium vexans suggest that there are at least five distinct classes within the elicitin family.

DNA-fragmentation and expression of apoptosis-related proteins in experimentally denervated and reinnervated rat facial muscle

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Tews ◽  
H. H. Goebel ◽  
I. Schneider ◽  
A. Gunkel ◽  
E. Stennert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Facial Muscle ◽  
Related Proteins

Characterization of embryogenesis-related proteins in alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

1996 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randal W. Giroux ◽  
K. Peter Pauls
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Related Proteins

Influence of AUF1 targeting siRNA on cell cycle-related proteins in thyroid cancer cell lines

2006 ◽  
Vol 114 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Trojanowicz ◽  
Z Chen ◽  
J Bialek ◽  
Y Radestock ◽  
S Hombach-Klonisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Cell ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Related Proteins

Ellipsomyxa ariusi sp. nov. (Myxosporea: Ceratomyxidae), a new myxosporean infecting the gallbladder of threadfin sea catfish Arius arius in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 83-97
Author(s):  
A Chandran ◽  
PU Zacharia ◽  
TV Sathianandan ◽  
NK Sanil
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Epithelial Layer ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Mucus Production ◽  
High Bootstrap ◽  
A New Species

The present study describes a new species of myxosporean, Ellipsomyxa ariusi sp. nov., infecting the gallbladder of the threadfin sea catfish Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822). E. ariusi sp. nov. is characterized by bivalvular, ellipsoid or elongate-oval myxospores with smooth spore valves and a straight suture, arranged at an angle to the longitudinal spore axis. Mature myxospores measured 10.1 ± 0.8 µm in length, 6.8 ± 0.5 µm in width and 7.7 ± 0.7 µm in thickness. Polar capsules are equal in size and oval to pyriform in shape. They are positioned at an angle to the longitudinal myxospore axis and open in opposite directions. Polar capsules measured 2.8 ± 0.3 µm in length and 2.5 ± 0.4 µm in width; polar filaments formed 4-5 coils, and extended to 32.2 ± 2.1 µm in length. Monosporic and disporic plasmodial stages attached to the wall of gallbladder. Molecular analysis of the type specimen generated a 1703 bp partial SSU rDNA sequence (MN892546), which was identical to the isolates from 3 other locations. In phylogenetic analyses, genus Ellipsomyxa appeared monophyletic and E. ariusi sp. nov. occupied an independent position in maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference trees with high bootstrap values. The overall prevalence of infection was 54.8% and multiway ANOVA revealed that it varied significantly with location, year, season, sex and size of the fish host. Histopathological changes associated with E. ariusi sp. nov. infection included swelling, vacuolation and detachment of epithelial layer, reduced mucus production and altered consistency and colour of bile. Based on the morphologic, morphometric and molecular differences with known species of Ellipsomyxa, and considering differences in host and geographic locations, the present species is treated as new and the name Ellipsomyxa ariusi sp. nov. is proposed.

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