scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of a Heteromeric ATP-Citrate Lyase That Generates Cytosolic Acetyl-Coenzyme A in Arabidopsis

2002 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 740-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth L. Fatland ◽  
Jinshan Ke ◽  
Marc D. Anderson ◽  
Wieslawa I. Mentzen ◽  
Li Wei Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Atp Citrate Lyase ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme ◽  
Citrate Lyase

scholarly journals ATP-Citrate Lyase Is Required for Production of Cytosolic Acetyl Coenzyme A and Development in Aspergillus nidulans

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1039-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Hynes ◽  
Sandra L. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Atp Citrate Lyase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme ◽  
Citrate Lyase

ABSTRACT Acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) is a central metabolite in carbon and energy metabolism and in the biosynthesis of cellular molecules. A source of cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA is essential for the production of fatty acids and sterols and for protein acetylation, including histone acetylation in the nucleus. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans acetyl-CoA is produced from acetate by cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA synthetase, while in plants and animals acetyl-CoA is derived from citrate via ATP-citrate lyase. In the filamentous ascomycete Aspergillus nidulans, tandem divergently transcribed genes (aclA and aclB) encode the subunits of ATP-citrate lyase, and we have deleted these genes. Growth is greatly diminished on carbon sources that do not result in cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA, such as glucose and proline, while growth is not affected on carbon sources that result in the production of cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA, such as acetate and ethanol. Addition of acetate restores growth on glucose or proline, and this is dependent on facA, which encodes cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA synthetase, but not on the regulatory gene facB. Transcription of aclA and aclB is repressed by growth on acetate or ethanol. Loss of ATP-citrate lyase results in severe developmental effects, with the production of asexual spores (conidia) being greatly reduced and a complete absence of sexual development. This is in contrast to Sordaria macrospora, in which fruiting body formation is initiated but maturation is defective in an ATP-citrate lyase mutant. Addition of acetate does not repair these defects, indicating a specific requirement for high levels of cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA during differentiation. Complementation in heterokaryons between aclA and aclB deletions for all phenotypes indicates that the tandem gene arrangement is not essential.

scholarly journals A Pathway for Degradation of Uracil to Acetyl Coenzyme A in Bacillus megaterium

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Zhu ◽  
Yifeng Wei ◽  
Jinyu Yin ◽  
Dazhi Liu ◽  
Ee Lui Ang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Catabolic Pathway ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme

ABSTRACT Bacteria utilize diverse biochemical pathways for the degradation of the pyrimidine ring. The function of the pathways studied to date has been the release of nitrogen for assimilation. The most widespread of these pathways is the reductive pyrimidine catabolic pathway, which converts uracil into ammonia, carbon dioxide, and β-alanine. Here, we report the characterization of a β-alanine:pyruvate aminotransferase (PydD2) and an NAD+-dependent malonic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (MSDH) from a reductive pyrimidine catabolism gene cluster in Bacillus megaterium. Together, these enzymes convert β-alanine into acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), a key intermediate in carbon and energy metabolism. We demonstrate the growth of B. megaterium in defined medium with uracil as its sole carbon and energy source. Homologs of PydD2 and MSDH are found in association with reductive pyrimidine pathway genes in many Gram-positive bacteria in the order Bacillales. Our study provides a basis for further investigations of the utilization of pyrimidines as a carbon and energy source by bacteria. IMPORTANCE Pyrimidine has wide occurrence in natural environments, where bacteria use it as a nitrogen and carbon source for growth. Detailed biochemical pathways have been investigated with focus mainly on nitrogen assimilation in the past decades. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of two important enzymes, PydD2 and MSDH, which constitute an extension for the reductive pyrimidine catabolic pathway. These two enzymes, prevalent in Bacillales based on our bioinformatics studies, allow stepwise conversion of β-alanine, a previous “end product” of the reductive pyrimidine degradation pathway, to acetyl-CoA as carbon and energy source.

The role of adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase in the metabolism of acetyl coenzyme a and function of blood platelets in diabetes mellitus

Metabolism ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Michno ◽  
Anna Skibowska ◽  
Anna Raszeja-Specht ◽  
Justyna Ćwikowska ◽  
Andrzej Szutowicz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme ◽  
Citrate Lyase ◽  
And Function
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