scholarly journals Three-dimensional analysis of prebunched electron beams in an x-ray free-electron laser

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Freund ◽  
D. C. Nguyen ◽  
B. Carlsten
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Multiple-beamline operation of SACLA

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kensuke Tono ◽  
Toru Hara ◽  
Makina Yabashi ◽  
Hitoshi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Pulse Electron ◽  
Parallel Operation ◽  
Switching Operation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fast Switching ◽  
Concurrent User

The SPring-8 Ångstrom Compact free-electron LAser (SACLA) began parallel operation of three beamlines (BL1–3) in autumn 2017 to increase the user beam time of the X-ray free-electron laser. The success of the multiple-beamline operation is based on two technological achievements: (i) the fast switching operation of the SACLA main linear accelerator, which provides BL2 and BL3 with pulse-by-pulse electron beams, and (ii) the relocation and upgrade of the SPring-8 Compact SASE Source for BL1, for the generation of a soft X-ray free-electron laser. Moreover, the photon beamlines and experimental stations were upgraded to facilitate concurrent user experiments at the three beamlines and accommodate more advanced experiments.

scholarly journals Perspectives towards Sub-Ångström Working Regime of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser with Low-Emittance Electron Beams

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10768
Author(s):  
Ye Chen ◽  
Frank Brinker ◽  
Winfried Decking ◽  
Matthias Scholz ◽  
Lutz Winkelmann
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Photon Energy ◽  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Energetic Electron ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Emittance

Sub-ångström working regime refers to a working state of free-electron lasers which allows the generation of hard X-rays at a photon wavelength of 1 ångström and below, that is, a photon energy of 12.5 keV and above. It is demonstrated that the accelerators of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser can provide highly energetic electron beams of up to 17.5 GeV. Along with long variable-gap undulators, the facility offers superior conditions for exploring self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) in the sub-ångström regime. However, the overall FEL performance relies quantitatively on achievable electron beam qualities through a kilometers-long accelerator beamline. Low-emittance electron beam production and the associated start-to-end beam physics thus becomes a prerequisite to dig in the potentials of SASE performance towards higher photon energies. In this article, we present the obtained results on electron beam qualities produced with different accelerating gradients of 40 MV/m–56 MV/m at the cathode, as well as the final beam qualities in front of the undulators via start-to-end simulations considering realistic conditions. SASE studies in the sub-ångström regime, using optimized electron beams, are carried out at varied energy levels according to the present state of the facility, that is, a pulsed mode operating with a 10 Hz-repetition 0.65 ms-long bunch train energized to 14 GeV and 17.5 GeV. Millijoule-level SASE intensity is obtained at a photon energy of 25 keV at 14 GeV electron beam energy using a gain length of about 7 m. At 17.5 GeV, half-millijoule lasing is achieved at 40 keV. Lasing at up to 50 keV is demonstrated with pulse energies in the range of a few hundreds and tens of microjoules with existing undulators and currently achievable electron beam qualities.

scholarly journals Effect of Laser Peening on the Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys Probed by Synchrotron Radiation and X-Ray Free Electron Laser

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1490
Author(s):  
Yuji Sano ◽  
Kiyotaka Masaki ◽  
Koichi Akita ◽  
Kentaro Kajiwara ◽  
Tomokazu Sano
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Laser Peening ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Friction Stir

Synchrotron radiation (SR) and X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) are indispensable tools not only for the exploration of science but also for the evolution of industry. We used SR and XFEL to elucidate the mechanism and the effects of laser peening without coating (LPwC) which enhances the durability of metallic materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) employing SR revealed that the residual stress (RS) in the top surface became compressive as the laser pulse irradiation density increased with appropriate overlapping of adjacent laser pulses. SR-based computed tomography (CT) was used to nondestructively reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) images of fatigue cracks in aluminum alloy, revealing that LPwC retarded crack propagation on the surface and inside of the sample. SR-based computed laminography (CL) was applied to friction stir welded (FSWed) aluminum alloy plates to visualize fatigue cracks propagating along the welds. The fatigue crack had complicated shape; however, it became a semi-ellipsoid once projected onto a plane perpendicular to the fatigue loading direction. Ultra-fast XRD using an XFEL was conducted to investigate the dynamic response of aluminum alloy to an impulsive pressure wave simulating the LPwC condition. The diffraction pattern changed from spotty to smooth, implying grain refinement or subgrain formation. Shifts in diffraction angles were also observed, coinciding with the pressure history of laser irradiation. The durations of the dynamic phenomena were less than 1 µs; it may be possible to use high-repetition lasers at frequencies greater than kHz to reduce LPwC processing times.

scholarly journals Effects of waveguides on a free-electron laser with two electron beams

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon-Kwon Nam ◽  
Yunseong Park
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Phase Variation ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Higher Order Modes ◽  
3D Effects ◽  
Beam Envelope

AbstractThe effects of the phase variation, the evolution of the electron beam, the evolution of the radiation intensity, and the higher-order modes due to waveguides on a free-electron laser (FEL) oscillator have been analyzed by using two electron beams of different energies based on the proposed FEL facility which is to be operated in the far-infrared and infrared regions. The three-dimensional (3D) effects on a FEL oscillator due to waveguides and higher-order modes were studied using an extended 3D FEL code with two electron beams that we have developed. The effects of the variation on the amplitude of radiation on the electron beam's emittance and energy spreads were also calculated in the case of waveguide for multi-particle and multi-pass numbers by using a new 3D code. The phase variation, the variation in the beam envelope, the evolution of the amplitude, and power were calculated for the fundamental mode. The results were compared with those of the higher-order modes of the wiggler for various TE and TM modes for determining the FEL's performance which is required for high-quality electron beams.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of the Giant Mimivirus Particle with an X-Ray Free-Electron Laser

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Ekeberg ◽  
Martin Svenda ◽  
Chantal Abergel ◽  
Filipe R. N. C. Maia ◽  
Virginie Seltzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction
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