scholarly journals Effective pion mass term and the trace anomaly

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Golterman ◽  
Yigal Shamir
Keyword(s):  
Pion Mass ◽  
Mass Term ◽  
Trace Anomaly

scholarly journals Near-BPS baby Skyrmions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Bjarke Gudnason ◽  
Marco Barsanti ◽  
Stefano Bolognesi
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energy ◽  
Topological Charge ◽  
Harmonic Maps ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Pion Mass ◽  
Mass Term ◽  
Skyrme Model ◽  
Classical Solutions ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Area Preserving

Abstract We consider the baby-Skyrme model in the regime close to the so-called restricted baby-Skyrme model, which is a BPS model with area-preserving diffeomorphism invariance. The perturbation takes the form of the standard kinetic Dirichlet term with a small coefficient ϵ. Classical solutions of this model, to leading order in ϵ, are called restricted harmonic maps. In the BPS limit (ϵ → 0) of the model with the potential being the standard pion-mass term, the solution with unit topological charge is a compacton. Using analytical and numerical arguments we obtain solutions to the problem for topological sectors greater than one. We develop a perturbative scheme in ϵ with which we can calculate the corrections to the BPS mass. The leading order ($$ \mathcal{O}\left({\upepsilon}^1\right) $$ O ϵ 1 ) corrections show that the baby Skyrmion with topological charge two is energetically preferred. The binding energy requires us to go to the third order in ϵ to capture the relevant terms in perturbation theory, however, the binding energy contributes to the total energy at order ϵ2. We find that the baby Skyrmions — in the near-BPS regime — are compactons of topological charge two, that touch each other on their periphery at a single point and with orientations in the attractive channel.

scholarly journals Finkelstein–Rubinstein constraints for the Skyrme model with pion masses

2006 ◽  
Vol 462 (2071) ◽  
pp. 2001-2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Krusch
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Pion Mass ◽  
Classical Field Theory ◽  
Mass Term ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Skyrme Model ◽  
Classical Field ◽  
Rational Maps ◽  
Rational Map ◽  
Atomic Nuclei

The Skyrme model is a classical field theory modelling the strong interaction between atomic nuclei. It has to be quantized in order to compare it to nuclear physics. When the Skyrme model is semi-classically quantized it is important to take the Finkelstein–Rubinstein constraints into account. Recently, a simple formula has been derived to calculate the constraints for Skyrmions which are well approximated by rational maps. However, if a pion mass term is included in the model, Skyrmions of sufficiently large baryon number are no longer well approximated by the rational map ansatz. This paper addresses the question how to calculate Finkelstein–Rubinstein constraints for Skyrme configurations which are only known numerically.

scholarly journals Near-BPS baby Skyrmions with Gaussian tails

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Bjarke Gudnason ◽  
Marco Barsanti ◽  
Stefano Bolognesi
Keyword(s):  
Pion Mass ◽  
Mass Term ◽  
Analytic Form ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Skyrme Model ◽  
Numerical Computations ◽  
Small Coefficient ◽  
Diffeomorphism Invariance ◽  
Area Preserving

Abstract We consider the baby Skyrme model in a physically motivated limit of reaching the restricted or BPS baby Skyrme model, which is a model that enjoys area-preserving diffeomorphism invariance. The perturbation consists of the kinetic Dirichlet term with a small coefficient ϵ as well as the standard pion mass term, with coefficient $$ \upepsilon {m}_1^2 $$ ϵ m 1 2 . The pions remain lighter than the soliton for any ϵ and therefore the model is physically acceptable, even in the ϵ → 0 limit. The version of the BPS baby Skyrme model we use has BPS solutions with Gaussian tails. We perform full numerical computations in the ϵ → 0 limit and even reach the strict ϵ = 0 case, finding new nontrivial BPS solutions, for which we do not yet know the analytic form.

scholarly journals Proton mass decomposition

2018 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 14002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Bo Yang ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Terrence Draper ◽  
Jian Liang ◽  
Keh-Fei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Global Analysis ◽  
Pion Mass ◽  
Field Energy ◽  
Physical Pion ◽  
Quark Masses ◽  
Proton Mass ◽  
Trace Anomaly ◽  
Proper Normalization

We report the results on the proton mass decomposition and also on the related quark and glue momentum fractions. The results are based on overlap valence fermions on four ensembles of Nf = 2 + 1 DWF configurations with three lattice spacings and volumes, and several pion masses including the physical pion mass. With 1-loop pertur-bative calculation and proper normalization of the glue operator, we find that the u, d, and s quark masses contribute 9(2)% to the proton mass. The quark energy and glue field energy contribute 31(5)% and 37(5)% respectively in the MS scheme at µ = 2 GeV. The trace anomaly gives the remaining 23(1)% contribution. The u, d, s and glue momentum fractions in the MS scheme are consistent with the global analysis at µ = 2 GeV.

Static properties of skyrmions and nucleons at finite isospin chemical potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150046
Author(s):  
Wen-Li Yuan ◽  
Ya-Peng Zhao ◽  
Zu-Qing Wu ◽  
Hong-Shi Zong
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Pion Mass ◽  
Hamiltonian Formulation ◽  
Stable Solution ◽  
Mass Term ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Static Properties ◽  
Collective Variables ◽  
The Stability

We use the Skyrme Lagrangian with a finite pion mass term to study the stability of the skyrmion at finite isospin chemical potential [Formula: see text]. It is found that there is a critical value [Formula: see text] MeV, and there is no stable solution above the [Formula: see text]. We also explore the behavior of different skyrmion parameters as a function of [Formula: see text], in particular the isovector electric root-mean-square (rms) charge radius in this work. Then, using the Hamiltonian formulation, in terms of collective variables, we study the behavior of nucleons mass splitting at finite isospin chemical potential. We find the proton mass decreases and the neutron mass increases when [Formula: see text]. Finally, we also discuss the magnetic moments and the pion-nucleon sigma term [Formula: see text] as a function of isospin chemical potential for interest.

scholarly journals An improved holographic nodal line semimetal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Xin-Meng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Term ◽  
Nodal Line ◽  
Duality Relation ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Nodal Lines ◽  
Form Field ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Fermionic Spectrum ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Tensor Operators

Abstract We study an improved holographic model for the strongly coupled nodal line semimetal which satisfies the duality relation between the rank two tensor operators $$ \overline{\psi}{\gamma}^{\mu v}\psi $$ ψ ¯ γ μv ψ and $$ \overline{\psi}{\gamma}^{\mu v}{\gamma}^5\psi $$ ψ ¯ γ μv γ 5 ψ . We introduce a Chern-Simons term and a mass term in the bulk for a complex two form field which is dual to the above tensor operators and the duality relation is automatically satisfied from holography. We find that there exists a quantum phase transition from a topological nodal line semimetal phase to a trivial phase. In the topological phase, there exist multiple nodal lines in the fermionic spectrum which are topologically nontrivial. The bulk geometries are different from the previous model without the duality constraint, while the resulting properties are qualitatively similar to those in that model. This improved model provides a more natural ground to analyze transports or other properties of strongly coupled nodal line semimetals.

Quantum-mechanical treatment of the Skyrme Lagrangean, and a new mass term

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 651-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fujii ◽  
K-I. Sato ◽  
N. Toyota ◽  
A. P. Kobushkin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Mass Term ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Quantum Mechanical Treatment

scholarly journals Magnetic field dependence of the neutral pion mass in the linear sigma model with quarks: The strong field case

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ayala ◽  
José Luis Hernández ◽  
L. A. Hernández ◽  
Ricardo L. S. Farias ◽  
R. Zamora
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Magnetic Field Dependence ◽  
Sigma Model ◽  
Neutral Pion ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Pion Mass ◽  
Linear Sigma Model ◽  
Field Case

scholarly journals Temperature-Induced Plasmon Excitations for the α–T3 Lattice in Perpendicular Magnetic Field

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1720
Author(s):  
Antonios Balassis ◽  
Godfrey Gumbs ◽  
Oleksiy Roslyak
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Zeeman Splitting ◽  
Mass Term ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrum ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Transition Energies ◽  
Gap Opening ◽  
Quantizing Magnetic Field

We have investigated the α–T3 model in the presence of a mass term which opens a gap in the energy dispersive spectrum, as well as under a uniform perpendicular quantizing magnetic field. The gap opening mass term plays the role of Zeeman splitting at low magnetic fields for this pseudospin-1 system, and, as a consequence, we are able to compare physical properties of the the α–T3 model at low and high magnetic fields. Specifically, we explore the magnetoplasmon dispersion relation in these two extreme limits. Central to the calculation of these collective modes is the dielectric function which is determined by the polarizability of the system. This latter function is generated by transition energies between subband states, as well as the overlap of their wave functions.

scholarly journals Gluodynamics and deconfinement phase transition under rotation from holography

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Chen ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Danning Li ◽  
Defu Hou ◽  
Mei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Entropy Density ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Trace Anomaly ◽  
Holographic Qcd ◽  
Deconfinement Phase Transition ◽  
Small Chemical

Abstract We investigate rotating effect on deconfinement phase transition in an Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton (EMD) model in bottom-up holographic QCD approach. By constructing a rotating black hole, which is supposed to be dual to rotating strongly coupled nuclear matter, we investigate the thermodynamic quantities, including entropy density, pressure, energy density, trace anomaly, sound speed and specific heat for both pure gluon system and two-flavor system under rotation. It is shown that those thermodynamic quantities would be enhanced by large angular velocity. Also, we extract the information of phase transition from those thermodynamic quantities, as well as the order parameter of deconfinement phase transition, i.e. the loop operators. It is shown that, in the T − ω plane, for two-flavor case with small chemical potential, the phase transition is always crossover. The transition temperature decreases slowly with angular velocity and chemical potential. For pure gluon system with zero chemical potential, the phase transition is always first order, while at finite chemical potential a critical end point (CEP) will present in the T − ω plane.

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