Application of a New Kinematic Variable to Inelastic Two-Body Reactions

1972 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2052-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uri Maor
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Variable

A unified procedure for construction of theories of deformable media. I. Classical continuum physics

1995 ◽  
Vol 448 (1934) ◽  
pp. 335-356 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Balance Laws ◽  
Kinematic Variable ◽  
Material Behaviour ◽  
Classical Formulation ◽  
Deformable Media ◽  
Basic Equations ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Continuum Theories

A new unified procedure for constructing continuum theories of deformable media is presented and used in this and a companion paper. The procedure starts with a balance of energy and derives from it all the relevant balance laws that may also include those that are associated with thermal, electrical and magnetic effects; the basic energetic ingredients that are included in the balance of energy depend, of course, on the nature of the particular theory of material behaviour desired. The advantage of the new procedure becomes especially apparent when one considers formulation of a new theory of material behaviour for which additional balance laws (involving new kinetic quantities) are required to accompany any additional basic kinematic and thermal variables additional to those in the classical formulation. Indeed, in the formulation of such new theories, usually little or no previous information is available concerning properties of the new kinetic quantities in the additional balance laws; and, in this connection, the unified procedure of this paper provides a simple attractive setting for deriving the basic equations that are automatically consistent with the energy balance. In this paper, first the basic features of the new procedure are illustrated in the context of classical thermomechanics. Generalizations of this thermomechanical theory are then discussed in two cases: (1) in the presence of an additional kinematic variable and (2) in the presence of full electromagnetic effects. Both of these generalizations bring out some interesting novel features when new theories are being constructed.

scholarly journals APPROXIMATE NEXT-TO-LEADING ORDER AND NEXT-TO-NEXT-TO-LEADING ORDER CORRECTIONS

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (06) ◽  
pp. 957-966
Author(s):  
A. P. CONTOGOURIS ◽  
Z. MEREBASHVILI
Keyword(s):  
Structure Functions ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Kinematic Variable ◽  
Fragmentation Functions

For processes involving structure functions and/or fragmentation functions, arguments that over a range of a proper kinematic variable, there is a part that dominates the next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections, are briefly reviewed. The arguments are tested against more recent NLO and in particular complete next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) calculations. A critical examination of when these arguments may not be useful is also presented.

The trajectory of human wrist movements

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1814-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Stein ◽  
F. W. Cody ◽  
C. Capaday
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Kinematic Variable ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Movement Trajectories ◽  
Minimum Jerk ◽  
Inertial Loading ◽  
Third Derivative

1. To determine the form of human movement trajectories and the factors that determine this form, normal subjects performed wrist flexion movements against various elastic, viscous, and inertial loads. The subjects were instructed with visual and auditory feedback to make a movement of prescribed amplitude in a present period of time, but were free to choose any trajectory that fulfilled these constraints. 2. The trajectories were examined critically to determine if they corresponded to those which would minimize the root mean square (RMS) value of some kinematic variable or of energy consumption. The data agreed better with the trajectory that minimized the RMS value of jerk (the third derivative of length) than that of acceleration. However, systematic deviations from the minimum jerk predictions were consistently observed whenever movements were made against elastic and viscous loads. 3. Improved agreement could generally be obtained by assuming that the velocity profile varied according to a normal (Gaussian) curve. We conclude that minimization of jerk is not a general principle used by the nervous system in organizing voluntary movements, although movements may approach the predicted form, particularly under inertial loading conditions. 4. The EMG of the agonist muscles consisted of relatively simple waveforms containing ramplike increases and approximately exponential decays. The form of the movements could often be predicted quite well by using the EMG as an input to a linear second-order model of the muscle plus load. Rather than rigorously minimizing a kinematic variable or energy consumption, the nervous system may generate simple waveforms and adjust the parameters of these waveforms by trial and error until a trajectory is achieved that meets the requirements for a given load.

scholarly journals Lorentz invariant relative velocity and relativistic binary collisions

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 1730002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirco Cannoni
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Relative Velocity ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Kinematic Variable ◽  
Binary Collisions ◽  
Classical Gas ◽  
Physics Literature ◽  
Relativistic Scattering ◽  
Energy Physics

This paper reviews the concept of Lorentz invariant relative velocity that is often misunderstood or unknown in high energy physics literature. The properties of the relative velocity allow to formulate the invariant flux and cross-section without recurring to nonphysical velocities or any assumption about the reference frame. Applications such as the luminosity of a collider, the use as kinematic variable, and the statistical theory of collisions in a relativistic classical gas are reviewed. It is emphasized how the hyperbolic properties of the velocity space explain the peculiarities of relativistic scattering.

scholarly journals Identification of the acceleration phase in the 100 meters dash race attending to kinematic variable

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (37) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Manuel Nogueras Miranda ◽  
Ignacio Grande Rodríguez ◽  
Carlos Alberto Cordente Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Variable ◽  
Acceleration Phase

scholarly journals Enhancing the discovery prospects for SUSY-like decays with a forgotten kinematic variable

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipsikha Debnath ◽  
James S. Gainer ◽  
Can Kilic ◽  
Doojin Kim ◽  
Konstantin T. Matchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Variable

Modeling of Ratchetting in Biaxial Experiments

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Guionnet
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Constitutive Equation ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Dynamic Recovery ◽  
Inelastic Strain ◽  
Kinematic Variable ◽  
Torsional Loading ◽  
Tubular Specimens ◽  
Biaxial Experiments

A new unified viscoplastic constitutive equation has been developed for interpreting ratchetting experiments. The model is based essentially on a generalized Armstrong-Frederick equation for the kinematic variable; the coefficient of the dynamic recovery term in this equation is a function of both instantaneous and accumulated inelastic strain which is allowed to vary in an appropriate manner in order to reproduce the experimental ratchetting rate. The validity of the model is verified by comparing predictions with experimental results for austenitic stainless steel (17-12 SPH) tubular specimens subjected to cyclic torsional loading under constant tensile stress at 600°C.

SUPERSTRING INSPIRED NEUTRAL GAUGE BOSON IN ELASTIC ep-ASYMMETRIES

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (27) ◽  
pp. 2689-2699 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. BEDNYAKOV
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Z Boson ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Boson Mass ◽  
Kinematic Variable ◽  
Accelerator Facility ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Mixing Angle ◽  
The Standard Model

The possible manifestations of the superstring inspired extra Z′-boson in polarized electron and positron elastic scattering on protons was studied. The Z′-boson generated deviations from the Standard Model in asymmetries [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were investigated as functions of the kinematic variable Q2, Z′-boson mass, Z–Z′ mixing angle in the U1η, U1χ and U1ψ low energy superstring models. These deviations vary from fractions of per cent to 20–25%, depending on the above mentioned parameters. We show that precise measurements of these asymmetries (for example, on the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility) can give a good opportunity to obtain strong restrictions on parameters of superstring E6-models.

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