scholarly journals Baryon-number dissipation at finite temperature in the standard model

1990 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 4202-4208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Mottola ◽  
Stuart Raby
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Finite Temperature ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
The Standard Model

Baryon number violation at finite temperature in the standard model

1989 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Cohen ◽  
Michael J. Dugan ◽  
Aneesh V. Manohar
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Finite Temperature ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Baryon Number Violation ◽  
Number Violation

scholarly journals An explicit construction of the dimension-9 operator basis in the standard model effective field theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liao ◽  
Xiao-Dong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Effective Field Theory ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Explicit Construction ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Symmetry Relations

Abstract We investigate systematically dimension-9 operators in the standard model effective field theory which contains only standard model fields and respects its gauge symmetry. With the help of the Hilbert series approach to classifying operators according to their lepton and baryon numbers and their field contents, we construct the basis of operators explicitly. We remove redundant operators by employing various kinematic and algebraic relations including integration by parts, equations of motion, Schouten identities, Dirac matrix and Fierz identities, and Bianchi identities. We confirm counting of independent operators by analyzing their flavor symmetry relations. All operators violate lepton or baryon number or both, and are thus non-Hermitian. Including Hermitian conjugated operators there are $$ {\left.384\right|}_{\Delta B=0}^{\Delta L=\pm 2}+{\left.10\right|}_{\Delta B=\pm 2}^{\Delta L=0}+{\left.4\right|}_{\Delta B=\pm 1}^{\Delta L=\pm 3}+{\left.236\right|}_{\Delta B=\pm 1}^{\Delta L=\mp 1} $$ 384 Δ B = 0 Δ L = ± 2 + 10 Δ B = ± 2 Δ L = 0 + 4 Δ B = ± 1 Δ L = ± 3 + 236 Δ B = ± 1 Δ L = ∓ 1 operators without referring to fermion generations, and $$ {\left.44874\right|}_{\Delta B=0}^{\Delta L=\pm 2}+{\left.2862\right|}_{\Delta B=\pm 2}^{\Delta L=0}+{\left.486\right|}_{\Delta B=\pm 1}^{\Delta L=\pm 3}+{\left.42234\right|}_{\Delta B=\mp 1}^{\Delta L=\pm 1} $$ 44874 Δ B = 0 Δ L = ± 2 + 2862 Δ B = ± 2 Δ L = 0 + 486 Δ B = ± 1 Δ L = ± 3 + 42234 Δ B = ∓ 1 Δ L = ± 1 operators when three generations of fermions are referred to, where ∆L, ∆B denote the net lepton and baryon numbers of the operators. Our result provides a starting point for consistent phenomenological studies associated with dimension-9 operators.

scholarly journals WHAT IS A MATTER PARTICLE?

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 259-272
Author(s):  
TSAN UNG CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Weak Interaction ◽  
Strong Interaction ◽  
Neutral Particle ◽  
Z Bosons ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Lepton Number ◽  
Neutral Particles ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Stability

Positive baryon numbers (A>0) and positive lepton numbers (L>0) characterize matter particles while negative baryon numbers and negative lepton numbers characterize antimatter particles. Matter particles and antimatter particles belong to two distinct classes of particles. Matter neutral particles are particles characterized by both zero baryon number and zero lepton number. This third class of particles includes mesons formed by a quark and an antiquark pair (a pair of matter particle and antimatter particle) and bosons which are messengers of known interactions (photons for electromagnetism, W and Z bosons for the weak interaction, gluons for the strong interaction). The antiparticle of a matter particle belongs to the class of antimatter particles, the antiparticle of an antimatter particle belongs to the class of matter particles. The antiparticle of a matter neutral particle belongs to the same class of matter neutral particles. A truly neutral particle is a particle identical with its antiparticle; it belongs necessarily to the class of matter neutral particles. All known interactions of the Standard Model conserve baryon number and lepton number; matter cannot be created or destroyed via a reaction governed by these interactions. Conservation of baryon and lepton number parallels conservation of atoms in chemistry; the number of atoms of a particular species in the reactants must equal the number of those atoms in the products. These laws of conservation valid for interaction involving matter particles are indeed valid for any particles (matter particles characterized by positive numbers, antimatter particles characterized by negative numbers, and matter neutral particles characterized by zero). Interactions within the framework of the Standard Model which conserve both matter and charge at the microscopic level cannot explain the observed asymmetry of our Universe. The strong interaction was introduced to explain the stability of nuclei: there must exist a powerful force to compensate the electromagnetic force which tends to cause protons to fly apart. The weak interaction with laws of conservation different from electromagnetism and the strong interaction was postulated to explain beta decay. Our observed material and neutral universe would signify the existence of another interaction that did conserve charge but did not conserve matter.

Ring-diagram summations in the finite-temperature effective potential

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Carrington
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Effective Potential ◽  
Finite Temperature ◽  
Electroweak Phase Transition ◽  
First Order ◽  
Ring Diagram ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The One

There has been much recent interest in the finite-temperature effective potential of the standard model in the context of the electroweak phase transition. We review the calculation of the effective potential with particular emphasis on the validity of the expansions that are used. The presence of a term that is cubic in the Higgs condensate in the one-loop effective potential appears to indicate a first-order electroweak phase transition. However, in the high-temperature regime, the infrared singularities inherent in massless models produce cubic terms that are of the same order in the coupling. In this paper, we discuss the inclusion of an infinite set of these terms via the ring-diagram summation, and show that the standard model has a first-order phase transition in the weak coupling expansion.

scholarly journals Catalyzed baryogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Bai ◽  
Joshua Berger ◽  
Mrunal Korwar ◽  
Nicholas Orlofsky
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Equilibrium Condition ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Large Ball ◽  
Baryon Number Asymmetry ◽  
Ball Mass

Abstract A novel mechanism, “catalyzed baryogenesis”, is proposed to explain the observed baryon asymmetry in our universe. In this mechanism, the motion of a ball-like catalyst provides the necessary out-of-equilibrium condition, its outer wall has CP-violating interactions with the Standard Model particles, and its interior has baryon number violating interactions. We use the electroweak-symmetric ball model as an example of such a catalyst. In this model, electroweak sphalerons inside the ball are active and convert baryons into leptons. The observed baryon number asymmetry can be produced for a light ball mass and a large ball radius. Due to direct detection constraints on relic balls, we consider a scenario in which the balls evaporate, leading to dark radiation at testable levels.

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