Erratum: Grand unification and parity restoration at low energies. Phenomenology

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1447-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Rizzo ◽  
Goran Senjanović
Keyword(s):  
Grand Unification ◽  
Low Energies

Grand unification and parity restoration at low energies. II. Unification constraints

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Rizzo ◽  
Goran Senjanović
Keyword(s):  
Grand Unification ◽  
Low Energies

scholarly journals Gauge-Higgs EW and grand unification

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (20n21) ◽  
pp. 1630031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Hosotani
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Higgs Field ◽  
Proton Decay ◽  
Grand Unification ◽  
Quantum Level ◽  
Fifth Dimension ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Vector Representations ◽  
Aharonov Bohm

Four-dimensional Higgs field is identified with the extra-dimensional component of gauge potentials in the gauge-Higgs unification scenario. [Formula: see text] gauge-Higgs EW unification in the Randall–Sundrum warped space is successful at low energies. The Higgs field appears as an Aharonov–Bohm phase [Formula: see text] in the fifth dimension. Its mass is generated at the quantum level and is finite. The model yields almost the same phenomenology as the standard model for [Formula: see text], and predicts [Formula: see text] bosons around 6–10 TeV with very broad widths. The scenario is generalized to [Formula: see text] gauge-Higgs grand unification. Fermions are introduced in the spinor and vector representations of [Formula: see text]. Proton decay is naturally forbidden.

Grand unification and parity restoration at low energies. Phenomenology

1981 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 704-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Rizzo ◽  
Goran Senjanović
Keyword(s):  
Grand Unification ◽  
Low Energies

scholarly journals SO(10) grand unification in light of recent LHC searches and colored scalars at the TeV-scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (08) ◽  
pp. 1650034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ufuk Aydemir
Keyword(s):  
Renormalization Group ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Gauge Coupling ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Grand Unification ◽  
Renormalization Group Analysis ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Extended Survival

We analyze the compatibility of the recent LHC signals and the TeV-scale left–right model(s) in the minimal nonsupersymmetric SO(10) framework. We show that the models in which the Higgs content is selected based on the extended survival hypothesis do not allow the [Formula: see text] boson to be at the TeV-scale. By relaxing this conjecture, we investigate various scenarios where a number of colored-scalars, originated from various Pati–Salam multiplets, are light and whence they survive down to the low energies. Performing a detailed renormalization group analysis with various low-energy Higgs configurations and symmetry breaking chains, while keeping the high energy Higgs content unmodified; we find that, among a number of possibilities, the models which have a light color-triplet scalar, and its combination with a light color-sextet, particularly stand out. Although these models do allow a TeV-scale [Formula: see text] boson, generating the required value of the gauge coupling [Formula: see text] at this scale is nontrivial.

scholarly journals Thermal, trapped and chromo-natural inflation in light of the swampland criteria and the trans-Planckian censorship conjecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Berera ◽  
Robert Brandenberger ◽  
Vahid Kamali ◽  
Rudnei O. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Field Equation ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Grand Unification ◽  
Scalar Field Equation ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
High Energy Scale

AbstractWe consider thermal, trapped and chromo-natural inflation in light of the swampland criteria and the Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture (TCC). Since thermal inflation occurs at energies low compared to those of Grand Unification, it is consistent with the TCC, and it is also consistent with the refined swampland conditions. Trapped and chromo-natural inflation are candidates for primordial (high energy scale) inflation. Since in both of these scenarios there are effective damping terms in the scalar field equation of motion, the models can easily be consistent with the swampland criteria. The TCC, on the other hand, constrains these scenarios to only take place at low energies.

Fresnel interference in point-projection imaging of purple membrane

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 846-847
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
J. Spence ◽  
W. Qian ◽  
D. Taylor ◽  
K. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Purple Membrane ◽  
Unit Cell Dimension ◽  
Experimental Point ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Channel Plate ◽  
Point Projection ◽  
Inelastic Mean Free Path

Experimental point-projection shadow microscope (PPM) images of uncoated, unstained purple membrane (PM, bacteriorhodopsin, a membrane protein from Halobacterium holobium) were obtained recently using 100 volt electrons. The membrane thickness is about 5 nm and the hexagonal unit cell dimension 6 nm. The images show contrast around the edges of small holes, as shown in figure 1. The interior of the film is opaque. Since the inelastic mean free path for 100V electrons in carbon (about 6 Å) is much less than the sample thickness, the question arises that how much, if any, transmission of elastically scattered electrons occurs. A large inelastic contribution is also expected, attenuated by the reduced detection efficiency of the channel plate at low energies. Quantitative experiments using an energy-loss spectrometer are planned. Recently Shedd has shown that at about 100V contrast in PPM images of thin gold films can be explained as Fresnel interference effects between different pinholes in the film, separated by less than the coherence width.

Electrical Damage Due to Low Energy Plasma Processing of GaAs Structures

1991 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans P. Zappe ◽  
Gudrun Kaufel
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Electrical Behavior ◽  
Rapid Thermal Anneal ◽  
High Temperature Anneal ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Physical Plasma

ABSTRACTThe effect of numerous plasma reative ion etch and physical milling processes on the electrical behavior of GaAs bulk substrates has been investigated by means of electric microwave absorption. It was seen that plasma treatments at quite low energies may significantly affect the electrical quality of the etched semiconductor. Predominantly physical plasma etchants (Ar) were seen to create significant damage at very low energies. Chemical processes (involving Cl or F), while somewhat less pernicious, also gave rise to electrical substrate damage, the effect greater for hydrogenic ambients. Whereas rapid thermal anneal treatments tend to worsen the electrical integrity, some substrates respond positively to long-time high temperature anneal steps.

scholarly journals Effects of the solar wind termination shock and heliosheath on theheliospheric modulation of galactic and anomalous Helium

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3063-3072 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. W. Langner ◽  
M. S. Potgieter
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Magnetic Polarity ◽  
Termination Shock ◽  
Shock Acceleration ◽  
Diffusive Shock Acceleration ◽  
Cosmic Ray Modulation ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Solar Wind Termination Shock ◽  
Charge Sign

Abstract. The interest in the role of the solar wind termination shock and heliosheath in cosmic ray modulation studies has increased significantly as the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft approach the estimated position of the solar wind termination shock. The effect of the solar wind termination shock on charge-sign dependent modulation, as is experienced by galactic cosmic ray Helium (He++) and anomalous Helium (He+), is the main topic of this work, and is complementary to the previous work on protons, anti-protons, electrons, and positrons. The modulation of galactic and anomalous Helium is studied with a numerical model including a more fundamental and comprehensive set of diffusion coefficients, a solar wind termination shock with diffusive shock acceleration, a heliosheath and particle drifts. The model allows a comparison of modulation with and without a solar wind termination shock and is applicable to a number of cosmic ray species during both magnetic polarity cycles of the Sun. The modulation of Helium, including an anomalous component, is also done to establish charge-sign dependence at low energies. We found that the heliosheath is important for cosmic ray modulation and that its effect on modulation is very similar for protons and Helium. The local Helium interstellar spectrum may not be known at energies

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