Spin-dependent forces and electromagnetic structure of the nucleon

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1077-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Song ◽  
J. S. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Structure

Electromagnetic structure of the helium isotopes

1977 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1396-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. McCarthy ◽  
I. Sick ◽  
R. R. Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Helium Isotopes ◽  
Electromagnetic Structure

Electromagnetic Structure of the Pion and the Kaon

1988 ◽  
Vol 61 (20) ◽  
pp. 2296-2299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Bernard ◽  
Ulf-G. Meissner
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Structure

Electromagnetic Structure and Electron Acceleration in Shock–Shock Interaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 846 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Nakanotani ◽  
Shuichi Matsukiyo ◽  
Tohru Hada ◽  
Christian X. Mazelle
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceleration ◽  
Shock Interaction ◽  
Electromagnetic Structure

scholarly journals Quantized toroidal dipole eigenvalues in nano-systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2090 (1) ◽  
pp. 012151
Author(s):  
D. V. Anghel ◽  
A. T. Preda
Keyword(s):  
Parity Violation ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
General Procedure ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Electromagnetic Structure ◽  
New Class ◽  
Quantum Properties ◽  
Commuting Operators ◽  
Dipole Operator ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

Abstract The parity violation in nuclear reactions led to the discovery of the new class of toroidal multipoles. Since then, it was observed that toroidal multipoles are present in the electromagnetic structure of systems at all scales, from elementary particles, to solid state systems and metamaterials. The toroidal dipole T (the lowest order multipole) is the most common. This corresponds to the toroidal dipole operator T ^ in quantum systems, with the projections T ^ i (i = 1, 2, 3) on the coordinate axes. These operators are observables if they are self-adjoint, but, although it is commonly discussed of toroidal dipoles of both, classical and quantum systems, up to now no system has been identified in which the operators are self-adjoint. Therefore, in this paper we use what are called the “natural coordinates” of the T ^ 3 operator to give a general procedure to construct operators that commute with T ^ 3 . Using this method, we introduce the operators p ^ ( k ) , p ^ ( k 1 ) , and p ^ ( k 2 ) , which, together with T ^ 3 and L ^ 3 , form sets of commuting operators: ( p ^ ( k ) , T ^ 3 , L ^ 3 ) and ( p ^ ( k 1 ) , p ^ ( k 2 ) , T ^ 3 ) . All these theoretical considerations open up the possibility to design metamaterials that could exploit the quantization and the general quantum properties of the toroidal dipoles.

scholarly journals Incremental Linear Switched Reluctance Actuator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aymen Lachheb ◽  
Lilia El Amraoui
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Magnetic Circuit ◽  
Force Density ◽  
Linear Actuator ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors ◽  
Switched Reluctance ◽  
Synchronous Motors ◽  
Electromagnetic Structure

Linear switched reluctance actuators are a focus of study for many applications because of their simple and robust electromagnetic structure, despite their lower thrust force density when compared with linear permanent magnet synchronous motors. This chapter deals with incremental linear actuator have switched reluctance structure. First, the different topologies of linear incremental actuators are mentioned. Furthermore, a special interest is focused on the switched reluctance linear actuator then the operating principal is explained. In addition, an analytical model of the proposed actuator is developed without taking account of the saturation in magnetic circuit. Finally, the control techniques that can be applied to the studied actuator are presented.

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