scholarly journals Coherent and dislocated three-dimensional islands ofInxGa1−xNself-assembled on GaN(0001) during molecular-beam epitaxy

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
Y. G. Cao ◽  
H. S. Wu ◽  
M. H. Xie ◽  
S. Y. Tong
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Three Dimensional

Effect of Growth Conditions on Electronic and Structural Properties of GZO Films Grown by Plasma-enhanced Molecular Beam Epitaxy on p-GaN(0001)/Sapphire Templates

2011 ◽  
Vol 1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Y. Liu ◽  
V. Avrutin ◽  
N. Izyumskaya ◽  
M.A. Reshchikov ◽  
S. Wolgast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Visible Spectral Range ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Surface Morphologies

Abstract:We report on a strong effect of p-GaN surface morphology on the growth mode and surface roughness of ZnO:Ga films grown by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy on p-GaN/c-sapphire templates. A range of ZnO:Ga surface morphologies varying from rough surfaces with well defined three-dimensional islands, capable to enhance light extraction in light-emitting diodes, to rather smooth surfaces with a surface roughness of ~ 2 nm suitable for vertical-cavity lasers can be achieved by controlling the surface morphologies of p-GaN. Optical transmittance measurements revealed high transparency exceeding 90% in the visible spectral range for ZnO:Ga with both types of surface morphology.

High-speed three-dimensional reciprocal-space mapping during molecular beam epitaxy growth of InGaAs

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1046-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Hu ◽  
Hidetoshi Suzuki ◽  
Takuo Sasaki ◽  
Miwa Kozu ◽  
Masamitu Takahasi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Relaxation Process ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Strain Relaxation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reciprocal Space ◽  
Reciprocal Space Mapping

This paper describes the development of a high-speed three-dimensional reciprocal-space mapping method designed for the real-time monitoring of the strain relaxation process during the growth of heterostructure semiconductors. Each three-dimensional map is obtained by combining a set of consecutive images, which are captured during the continuous rotation of the sample, and calculating the reciprocal-space coordinates from the detector coordinate system. To demonstrate the feasibility of this rapid mapping technique, the 022 asymmetric diffraction of an InGaAs/GaAs(001) thin film grown by molecular beam epitaxy was measured and the procedure for data calibration was examined. Subsequently, the proposed method was applied to real-time monitoring of the strain relaxation process during the growth of a thin-film heterostructure consisting of In0.07Ga0.93As and In0.18Ga0.82As layers consecutively deposited on GaAs(001). The time resolution of the measurement was 10 s. It was revealed that additional relaxation of the first In0.07Ga0.93As layer was induced by the growth of the second In0.18Ga0.82As layer within a short period of time corresponding to the deposition of only two monolayers of InGaAs.

scholarly journals Direct Growth of Antimonene on C-Plane Sapphire by Molecular Beam Epitaxy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Minghui Gu ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Yuanfeng Ding ◽  
Kedong Zhang ◽  
Shunji Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Sapphire Substrate ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Large Area ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Direct Growth

Monolayer antimony (antimonene) has been reported for its excellent properties, such as tuneable band gap, stability in the air, and high mobility. However, growing high quality, especially large-area antimonene, remains challenging. In this study, we report the direct growth of antimonene on c-plane sapphire substrate while using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). We explore the effect of growth temperature on antimonene formation and present a growth phase diagram of antimony. The effect of antimony sources (Sb2 or Sb4) and a competing mechanism between the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) growth processes and the effects of adsorption and cracking of the source molecules are also discussed. This work offers a new method for growing antimonene and it provides ideas for promoting van der Waals epitaxy.

Growth and Decay of Germanium Islands on Silicon Studied by High Temperature Stm

1999 ◽  
Vol 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kästner ◽  
B. Voigtländer
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Scanning Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Tunneling Microscope

AbstractWe use a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) capable of imaging the growing layer at high temperature during molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) to study the epitaxial growth of Germanium on Silicon and the decay of Ge islands. The periodicity of the (2×N) reconstruction of two-dimensional Ge layers on Si(001) is measured as function of the Ge coverage. Strain energy drives the formation of the (2×N) reconstruction and Si/Ge intermixing. A comparison to total energy calculations predicting the periodicity of the (2×N) reconstruction is used to estimate the amount of Si-Ge intermixing near the surface. The evolution of the size and shape of individual “hut clusters” is measured and explained by kinetically self-limiting growth. The relaxation of kinetically a determined morphology towards equilibrium is followed for a Ge layer on Si(111). Strained two-dimensional as well as partially relaxed three-dimensional islands dissolve and are soaked up by larger three-dimensional islands which are dislocated and therefore fully relaxed.

Real-Time X-Ray Scattering Study of Surface Dynamics on Au(111) During Ar+ Ion Irradiation

1998 ◽  
Vol 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Ramana Murty ◽  
T. Curcic ◽  
A. Judy ◽  
B.H. Cooper ◽  
A.R. Woll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Surface Dynamics ◽  
Surface Evolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractX-ray scattering is used to investigate the surface dynamics on Au(111) during Ar+ ion irradiation. During 500 eV Ar+ ion irradiation, we observe the three regimes of step retraction, quasi-layer-by-layer removal and three dimensional rough erosion, analagous to molecular beam epitaxy. The quasi-layer-by-layer sputtering regime has been studied to identify similarities and differences in surface evolution during ion irradiation and molecular beam epitaxy. X-ray measurements suggest that 500 eV Ar+ ion irradiation does not lead to stable adatom island formation. Also, in contrast to molecular beam epitaxy, adatom detachment and diffusion seems important in describing the surface kinetics during ion irradiation.

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