Electronic structure and angle-resolved photoemission spectra of vicinalCu(111)surfaces via the one-step model

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Eder ◽  
H. Winter
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Step Model ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

PHOTOEMISSION WITHIN AND BEYOND THE ONE-STEP MODEL

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 211-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Schattke
Keyword(s):  
Step Model ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

scholarly journals Exceptional behavior of d-like surface resonances on W(110): the one-step model in its density matrix formulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 015005 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Braun ◽  
K Miyamoto ◽  
A Kimura ◽  
T Okuda ◽  
M Donath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Matrix ◽  
Matrix Formulation ◽  
Step Model ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

Study on Pyrolysis Characteristics of Corn Straw

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengqi Li ◽  
Zhichao Chen ◽  
Chunlong Liu ◽  
Zhiyong Hu ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Ratio Curve ◽  
Step Model ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

Pyrolysis characteristics of corn straw samples (corn stalks skins, corn stalks cores, corn bracts and corn leaves) was performed using thermogravimetric analysis Three heating rates (20, 50 and 100 k min-1) were applied with a final temperature of 900°C. The maximum pyrolysis rates increased with the heating rate increasing and the temperature at the peak pyrolysis rate also increased. The activation energy and the temperature interval of pyrolysis for these samples had only slightly increasing at different heating rates. The one-step model was used to obtain the pre-exponential and the activation energy. Through calculating, we obtain the mass loss ratio curve. The three models have similar results. The one-step model is simpler and suitable for the simulation of the mass loss ratio curve.

scholarly journals Spectral Function of Ferromagnetic3dMetals: A Self-ConsistentLSDA+DMFTApproach Combined with the One-Step Model of Photoemission

2006 ◽  
Vol 97 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Braun ◽  
J. Minár ◽  
H. Ebert ◽  
M. I. Katsnelson ◽  
A. I. Lichtenstein
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Function ◽  
Step Model ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

Thermal Inactivation Kinetics of Bacillus stearothermophilus Spores Using a Linear Temperature Program

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 958-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LEONTIDIS ◽  
A. FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
C. RODRIGO ◽  
P. S. FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
L. MAGRANER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Bacillus Stearothermophilus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Inactivation Kinetics ◽  
Linear Temperature ◽  
Step Model ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One ◽  
D Values ◽  
Kinetics Of

A systematic study of the inactivation kinetics of Bacillus stearothermophilus spores was carried out in nonisothermic heating conditions using a linear temperature increase program and analyzing the experimental data by means of a one-step nonlinear regression. The D and z values estimated are close to those obtained in isothermic conditions and estimated by using a two-step model, first D values are calculated, and then in the second step a z value is deduced (D121°C = 3.08 and 4.38 min, respectively, and z = 7 and 7.9°C, respectively). No convergence problems were observed when using the one-step nonlinear regression proposed. The results indicated that the methodology applied in this study can be used to obtain kinetic data for bacterial spores, which could mean a significant reduction in the amount of experimental work employed to generate these data.

scholarly journals Beyond the sentence given

2007 ◽  
Vol 362 (1481) ◽  
pp. 801-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hagoort ◽  
Jos van Berkum
Keyword(s):  
World Knowledge ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Step Model ◽  
Language Interpretation ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Fast Acting

A central and influential idea among researchers of language is that our language faculty is organized according to Fregean compositionality, which states that the meaning of an utterance is a function of the meaning of its parts and of the syntactic rules by which these parts are combined. Since the domain of syntactic rules is the sentence, the implication of this idea is that language interpretation takes place in a two-step fashion. First, the meaning of a sentence is computed. In a second step, the sentence meaning is integrated with information from prior discourse, world knowledge, information about the speaker and semantic information from extra-linguistic domains such as co-speech gestures or the visual world. Here, we present results from recordings of event-related brain potentials that are inconsistent with this classical two-step model of language interpretation. Our data support a one-step model in which knowledge about the context and the world, concomitant information from other modalities, and the speaker are brought to bear immediately, by the same fast-acting brain system that combines the meanings of individual words into a message-level representation. Underlying the one-step model is the immediacy assumption, according to which all available information will immediately be used to co-determine the interpretation of the speaker's message. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data that we collected indicate that Broca's area plays an important role in semantic unification. Language comprehension involves the rapid incorporation of information in a ‘single unification space’, coming from a broader range of cognitive domains than presupposed in the standard two-step model of interpretation.

scholarly journals Doing the Conjugative Two-step: Evidence of Recipient Autonomy in Retrotransfer

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 1425-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack A Heinemann ◽  
Heidi E Scott ◽  
Meredith Williams
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Reverse Flow ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Bacterial Conjugation ◽  
Dna Transport ◽  
Step Model ◽  
One Step ◽  
Genetically Engineered Microbes ◽  
The One ◽  
Bidirectional Exchange

Abstract Bidirectional exchange of genetic information, called retrotransfer, during bouts of bacterial conjugation has drawn the interest of those concerned with the risk of releasing genetically engineered microbes, the fluidity of genes among species, and the mechanism of DNA transport between cells. The phenomenon has generated two models in explanation, both of which yield highly testable predictions. The first model, called the one-step, predicts that the flow of genes from recipient bacteria to donor bacteria is mechanistically distinct from, but dependent on, conjugation between donors and recipients. The second model, called the two-step, predicts that the same genetic requirements and mechanistic constraints apply to the process of gene flow from recipients to donors as for gene flow from donors to recipients. The requirement for expression of at least 10 plasmid-encoded genes in recipients, sensitivity of the reverse flow (recipient to donor) to restriction of DNA transferring from the donor, and the requirement of an additional 30–90 min for DNA to flow from recipients back to donors are predictions of the two-step model and directly refute the one-step model. Retrotransfer of genes to donors during conjugation remains genetically and physically indistinguishable from two successive rounds of conjugation between neighbors.

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