Low-temperature ordered states of rare-earth magnetic dipoles inR2Ba4Cu7O15−δas effected by dipole-dipole and exchange interactions: Extension of generalized Luttinger-Tisza method

2003 ◽  
Vol 67 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil K. Misra ◽  
Joshua Felsteiner
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Exchange Interactions ◽  
Magnetic Dipoles

scholarly journals Nuclear Orientation as a Tool for Investigation of Magnetic Multilayers with Rare Earths

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Trhlík ◽  
Milos Rotter ◽  
Nathal Severijns ◽  
Ludo Vanneste
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Nuclear Orientation ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy ◽  
Exchange Interactions ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers ◽  
Crystalline Anisotropy ◽  
Low Dimensional

Low-temperature nuclear orientation (NO) is presented as a useful tool to study the behaviour of rare earth (RE) ionic magnetic moments in magnetic multilayers. NO is shown to give rather direct information about the direction of RE ionic moments in such low-dimensional systems. In particular, the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) can be directly monitored using RE atoms as probes. The potential of NO is demonstrated by our recent results, which concern the Fe/Tb multilayers. We have studied NO of 160Tb in Fe(40 Å)/Tb(x Å) (x = 5–30) and found that the Tb magnetic moments show PMA at low external magnetic fields (Bext). PMA of the Tb spins is found to be more pronounced when the Tb layer is thinner. It was found that Bext has a complicated influence on the Tb magnetic moment misalignment, which is connected with an interplay between PMA, the exchange interactions and the shape and magnetic crystalline anisotropy.

scholarly journals Start-up Strategies for Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation (Anammox) in In-Situ Nitrogen Removal from Polluted Groundwater in Rare Earth Mining Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4591
Author(s):  
Shuanglei Huang ◽  
Daishe Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Activity

The tremendous input of ammonium and rare earth element (REE) ions released by the enormous consumption of (NH4)2SO4 in in situ leaching for ion-adsorption RE mining caused serious ground and surface water contamination. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) was a sustainable in situ technology that can reduce this nitrogen pollution. In this research, in situ, semi in situ, and ex situ method of inoculation that included low-concentration (0.02 mg·L−1) and high-concentration (0.10 mg·L−1) lanthanum (La)(III) were adopted to explore effective start-up strategies for starting up anammox reactors seeded with activated sludge and anammox sludge. The reactors were refrigerated for 30 days at 4 °C to investigate the effects of La(III) during a period of low-temperature. The results showed that the in situ and semi in situ enrichment strategies with the addition of La(III) at a low-concentration La(III) addition (0.02 mg·L−1) reduced the length of time required to reactivate the sludge until it reached a state of stable anammox activity and high nitrogen removal efficiency by 60–71 days. The addition of La(III) promoted the formation of sludge floc with a compact structure that enabled it to resist the adverse effects of low temperature and so to maintain a high abundance of AnAOB and microbacterial community diversity of sludge during refrigeration period. The addition of La(III) at a high concentration caused the cellular percentage of AnAOB to decrease from 54.60 ± 6.19% to 17.35 ± 6.69% during the enrichment and reduced nitrogen removal efficiency to an unrecoverable level to post-refrigeration.

Low temperature magnetism in the rare-earth perovskite GdScO3

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 057503
Author(s):  
Jie-Ming Sheng ◽  
Xu-Cai Kan ◽  
Han Ge ◽  
Pei-Qian Yuan ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
The Rare Earth

Large magnetic entropy change at cryogenic temperature in rare earth HoN nanoparticles

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (79) ◽  
pp. 75562-75569 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Shinde ◽  
S. H. Jang ◽  
M. Ranot ◽  
B. B. Sinha ◽  
J. W. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Magnetocaloric Effect ◽  
Cryogenic Temperature ◽  
Magnetic Entropy Change ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Magnetic Refrigeration ◽  
Magnetic Entropy ◽  
Alternative Technology

The most extensive cooling techniques based on gases have faced environmental problems. The magnetic refrigeration is an alternative technology based on magnetocaloric effect. HoN nanoparticles are good refrigerant material at low temperature.

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