Experimental evidence of condensation of electron-hole pairs at room temperature during femtosecond cooperative emission

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Vasil’ev ◽  
H. Kan ◽  
H. Ohta ◽  
T. Hiruma
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electron Hole

scholarly journals First experimental evidence of the piezoelectric nature of struvite

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Prywer ◽  
Rafał Kruszyński ◽  
Marcin Świątkowski ◽  
Andrzej Soszyński ◽  
Dariusz Kajewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Transformation Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Piezoelectric Coefficient ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Gel Growth ◽  
Growth Technique

AbstractIn this paper, we present the first experimental evidence of the piezoelectric nature of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O). Using a single diffusion gel growth technique, we have grown struvite crystals in the form of plane parallel plates. For struvite crystals of this shape, we measured the piezoelectric coefficients d33 and d32. We have found that at room temperature the value of piezoelectric coefficient d33 is 3.5 pm/V, while that of d32 is 4.7 pm/V. These values are comparable with the values for other minerals. Struvite shows stable piezoelectric properties up to the temperature slightly above 350 K, for the heating rate of 0.4 K/min. For this heating rate, and above this temperature, the thermal decomposition of struvite begins, which, consequently, leads to its transformation into dittmarite with the same non-centrosymmetric symmetry as in case of struvite. The struvite-dittmarite transformation temperature is dependent on the heating rate. The higher the heating rate, the higher the temperature of this transformation. We have also shown that dittmarite, like struvite exhibits piezoelectric properties.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE AMOUNT OF INSULIN EXTRACTABLE FROM BEEF PANCREAS: I. EFFECTS OF AGING FRESH PANCREAS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald A. Wrenshall ◽  
Charles H. Best ◽  
W. Stanley Hartroft
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Early Rise ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
New Formation

Effects on the concentration of extractable insulin of aging fresh beef pancreas at temperatures in the 22–26 °C. range have been described. Two phases of change with time of aging have been observed, describable as a transient increase superimposed on a progressive fall toward zero in the concentration of insulin extractable from the pancreas. In two of the eight experiments reported only the second phase was detected.Various hypotheses concerning the cause of the first phase are considered. The available experimental evidence is considered to support the hypothesis that the early rise in extractable insulin resulted from the continuing new formation of insulin from structural components already present in the cytoplasm of the beta cells at time of exsanguination, or diffusing into it thereafter. The progressive fall in the extractable insulin during the second phase must have resulted from destruction or inactivation of insulin within the pancreas.The bearing of these recent findings on the usage of the term "The insulin content of the pancreas" has been discussed.

scholarly journals Room-Temperature Electron–Hole Liquid in Monolayer MoS2

ACS Nano ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 10351-10358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiling Yu ◽  
Alexander W. Bataller ◽  
Robert Younts ◽  
Yifei Yu ◽  
Guoqing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Monolayer Mos2 ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
Temperature Electron

Ultra-Fast NiSi2 Formation in p+-Si by High Current Densities

1998 ◽  
Vol 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Huang ◽  
K.N. Tu
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Line Formation ◽  
High Current ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Applied Current ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Heavily Doped ◽  
Hole Recombination

ABSTRACTAn ultra-fast lateral formation of epitaxial NiSi2 line in heavily doped p+-Si diffused tub was created at room temperature ambient under the application of current densities of 106 A/cm2. A NiSi2 line of 140 μm long and I μm wide linking the cathode and anode contacts to p+-Si was formed within 1 second. Shorter lines were formed with lower current densities. The formation of shorter lines was again completed within 1 second and there was very little subsequent growth upon further stressing. The line length strongly depends upon applied current which tend to suggest that the line formation is limited by driving force rather than by kinetics. We propose that the ultra-fast silicide formation is a result of Ni interstitial diffusion in Si induced by electron-hole recombination heating and electromigration.

Crystal Growth and Ferroelectric Properties of Superlattice-Structured Bi4Ti3O12-PbBi4Ti4O15 Single Crystals

2008 ◽  
Vol 388 ◽  
pp. 237-240
Author(s):  
Mariko Ikezaki ◽  
Yuji Noguchi ◽  
Keiichi Katayama ◽  
Masaru Miyayama
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Leakage Current ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Remanent Polarization ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
N2 Atmosphere ◽  
Saturated Polarization

Superlattice-structured Bi4Ti3O12- PbBi4Ti4O15 single crystals were grown, and their properties of polarization hysteresis and leakage current along the a axis were investigated. Oxidation annealing led to a marked increase in leakage current, while annealing in N2 atmosphere yielded a marked decrease in leakage current at room temperature. These results show that electron hole is the dominant carrier for the leakage current. A well-saturated polarization hysteresis with a remanent polarization of 41 μC/cm2 was observed, which is suggested to originate from the peculiar ferroelectric displacement of Bi in the Bi2O2 layers.

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