Unidirectional Measurements of the Cosmic-Ray Latitude Effect

1937 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Johnson ◽  
Donald N. Read
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Latitude Effect

Latitude Effect of Penetrating Cosmic Ray Showers

Nature ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 162 (4127) ◽  
pp. 887-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. APPAPILLAI ◽  
A. W. MAILVAGANAM
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Latitude Effect

scholarly journals Recent Studies of the Cosmic-Ray Latitude Effect at High Altitudes

1948 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Biehl ◽  
R. A. Montgomery ◽  
H. V. Neher ◽  
W. H. Pickering ◽  
W. C. Roesch
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Latitude Effect

The Latitude Effect of Cosmic-Ray Neutrons

1951 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 889-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Staker ◽  
M. Pavalow ◽  
S. A. Korff
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Latitude Effect

Cosmic Ray Measurements between Australia and Japan

1949 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
PG Law ◽  
CD McKenzie ◽  
HD Rathgeber
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Latitude Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Barometric Effect ◽  
Diurnal Period

Cosmic ray results obtained on a journey to and fro between Australia and Japan are described. The apparatus was that used previously on the H.M.A.S. Wyatt Earp(l), but since modified, and extended to record showers. A latitude effect of 20 per cent. was found for rays of vertical incidence. The difference between electron and meson components did not exceed the statistical errors of 2 per cent. For wide angle coincidence telescope measurements the latitude effect reduces to 13 per cent. Further it has been found that a latitude effect of some 10 per cent. exists for extensive showers of an average spread of 1 metre. An observed latitude effect of penetrating extensive showers falls, however, within the standard deviation of the measurements. The above results were not corrected for barometric and temperature effects nor for variations in height of the meson-producing layer. Evidence is presented of the existence of a semi-diurnal variation at the equator and at Kure of opposite phase to the barometric pressure variations and of about twice the coefficient of the normal barometric effect. The maximum of the diurnal period occurs at Kure at 2 hours local time and at the equator at 19 hours. A temporary increase of between 2 and 3 per cent. in cosmic rag intensity during the period July 29-31, 1948, is noted.

scholarly journals An Attempt to Measure the Latitude Effect of Extensive Cosmic-Ray Showers

1940 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 665-666
Author(s):  
H. Victor Neher ◽  
William H. Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Latitude Effect

Latitude effect and atmospheric attenuation of the cosmic ray nucleon component

Tellus ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
Arne Eld Sandström ◽  
Martin A. Pomerantz ◽  
Bengt-Olov Grönkvist
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Atmospheric Attenuation ◽  
Latitude Effect

LATITUDE EFFECT OF THE COSMIC RAY NUCLEON AND MESON COMPONENTS AT SEA LEVEL FROM THE ARCTIC TO THE ANTARCTIC

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 968-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Rose ◽  
K. B. Fenton ◽  
J. Katzman ◽  
J. A. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Geomagnetic Equator ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Latitude Effect ◽  
Nucleonic Component ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Eccentric Dipole

Results are presented of cosmic ray measurements taken at sea level during 1954–55 from the Arctic to the Antarctic. The equipment consisted of a neutron monitor and a meson telescope. Latitude effects of 1.77 for the nucleonic component and 1.15 for the meson component were measured. The longitude effect at the equator was much less than expected on the basis of the geomagnetic eccentric dipole and the longitude effect at intermediate northern latitudes shows that the longitude of the effective eccentric dipole is considerably west of that of the geomagnetic eccentric dipole. In a previous paper by the same authors, the positions of the equatorial minima were combined with other published cosmic ray measurements to calculate a new cosmic ray geomagnetic equator. In this paper new coordinates are derived on the assumption that these equatorial coordinates apply to a new eccentric dipole, and, therefore, that the equatorial coordinates may be extended to high latitudes. When the complete results are plotted on these coordinates, it is found that an eccentric dipole representation of the earth's magnetic field is inconsistent with the combined observations at all latitudes.

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