Labeling Hair Cells and Afferent Neurons in the Posterior Lateral-Line System of Zebrafish

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (12) ◽  
pp. pdb.prot079467-pdb.prot079467 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Schuster ◽  
A. Ghysen
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Afferent Neurons ◽  
Line System ◽  
Posterior Lateral Line

scholarly journals Physiology of afferent neurons in larval zebrafish provides a functional framework for lateral line somatotopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 2615-2623 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Liao ◽  
Melanie Haehnel
Keyword(s):  
Firing Rate ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Input Resistance ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Spontaneous Firing ◽  
Afferent Neurons ◽  
Line System ◽  
Larval Zebrafish ◽  
Posterior Lateral Line ◽  
Spontaneous Firing Rate

Fishes rely on the neuromasts of their lateral line system to detect water flow during behaviors such as predator avoidance and prey localization. Although the pattern of neuromast development has been a topic of detailed research, we still do not understand the functional consequences of its organization. Previous work has demonstrated somatotopy in the posterior lateral line, whereby afferent neurons that contact more caudal neuromasts project more dorsally in the hindbrain than those that contact more rostral neuromasts (Gompel N, Dambly-Chaudiere C, Ghysen A. Development 128: 387–393, 2001). We performed patch-clamp recordings of afferent neurons that contact neuromasts in the posterior lateral line of anesthetized, transgenic larval zebrafish ( Danio rerio) to show that larger cells are born earlier, have a lower input resistance, a lower spontaneous firing rate, and tend to contact multiple neuromasts located closer to the tail than smaller neurons, which are born later, have a higher input resistance, a higher spontaneous firing rate, and tend to contact single neuromasts. We suggest that early-born neurons are poised to detect large stimuli during the initial stages of development. Later-born neurons are more easily driven to fire and thus likely to be more sensitive to local, weaker flows. Afferent projections onto identified glutamatergic regions in the hindbrain lead us to hypothesize a novel mechanism for lateral line somatotopy. We show that afferent fibers associated with tail neuromasts respond to stronger stimuli and are wired to dorsal hindbrain regions associated with Mauthner-mediated escape responses and fast, avoidance swimming. The ability to process flow stimuli by circumventing higher-order brain centers would ease the task of processing where speed is of critical importance. Our work lays the groundwork to understand how the lateral line translates flow stimuli into appropriate behaviors at the single cell level.

scholarly journals Organization and physiology of posterior lateral line afferent neurons in larval zebrafish

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Liao
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Afferent Neurons ◽  
Patch Clamp Recording ◽  
Line System ◽  
Larval Zebrafish ◽  
Posterior Lateral Line

The lateral line system of larval zebrafish can translate hydrodynamic signals from the environment to guide body movements. Here, I demonstrate a spatial relationship between the organization of afferent neurons in the lateral line ganglion and the innervation of neuromasts along the body. I developed a whole cell patch clamp recording technique to show that afferents innervate multiple direction-sensitive neuromasts, which are sensitive to low fluid velocities. This work lays the foundation to integrate sensory neuroscience and the hydrodynamics of locomotion in a model genetic system.

scholarly journals Frequency response properties of primary afferent neurons in the posterior lateral line system of larval zebrafish

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 657-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Levi ◽  
Otar Akanyeti ◽  
Aleksander Ballo ◽  
James C. Liao
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Afferent Neuron ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Afferent Neurons ◽  
Primary Afferent Neurons ◽  
Primary Afferent ◽  
Line System ◽  
Response Properties ◽  
Larval Zebrafish

The ability of fishes to detect water flow with the neuromasts of their lateral line system depends on the physiology of afferent neurons as well as the hydrodynamic environment. Using larval zebrafish ( Danio rerio), we measured the basic response properties of primary afferent neurons to mechanical deflections of individual superficial neuromasts. We used two types of stimulation protocols. First, we used sine wave stimulation to characterize the response properties of the afferent neurons. The average frequency-response curve was flat across stimulation frequencies between 0 and 100 Hz, matching the filtering properties of a displacement detector. Spike rate increased asymptotically with frequency, and phase locking was maximal between 10 and 60 Hz. Second, we used pulse train stimulation to analyze the maximum spike rate capabilities. We found that afferent neurons could generate up to 80 spikes/s and could follow a pulse train stimulation rate of up to 40 pulses/s in a reliable and precise manner. Both sine wave and pulse stimulation protocols indicate that an afferent neuron can maintain their evoked activity for longer durations at low stimulation frequencies than at high frequencies. We found one type of afferent neuron based on spontaneous activity patterns and discovered a correlation between the level of spontaneous and evoked activity. Overall, our results establish the baseline response properties of lateral line primary afferent neurons in larval zebrafish, which is a crucial step in understanding how vertebrate mechanoreceptive systems sense and subsequently process information from the environment.

S-100 protein is a selective marker for sensory hair cells of the lateral line system in teleosts

2002 ◽  
Vol 329 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Abbate ◽  
S Catania ◽  
A Germanà ◽  
T González ◽  
B Diaz-Esnal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Selective Marker ◽  
Line System ◽  
Sensory Hair ◽  
Sensory Hair Cells ◽  
S 100

scholarly journals Development of the posterior lateral line system in Thunnus thynnus, the atlantic blue-fin tuna, and in its close relative Sarda sarda

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1317-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Ghysen ◽  
Kevin Schuster ◽  
Denis Coves ◽  
Fernando de la Gandara ◽  
Nikos Papandroulakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Thunnus Thynnus ◽  
Line System ◽  
Posterior Lateral Line ◽  
Sarda Sarda

Electroreceptors and Direction Specific Arrangement in the Lateral Line System of Salamanders?

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 493-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Fritzsch
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Posterior Lateral Line ◽  
Afferent Fibers ◽  
Lateral Line Afferents ◽  
Line Organ

Abstract The arrangement of the lateral line afferents of salamanders as revealed by transganglionic staining with horse­ radish peroxidase is described. Each lateral line organ is supplied by two fibers only. In the medulla these two afferent fibers run in separate fiber bundles. It is suggested, that only those fibers contacting lateral line sensory cells with the same polarity form together one bundle. Bundles formed by anterior or posterior lateral line afferents are also clearly separated. Beside the lateral line organs smaller pit organs are described. These organs are supplied by one afferent only which reveals an arrangement in the medulla different from that of the lateral line afferents. Based on anatomical facts, these small pit organs are considered to be electroreceptors. Centrifugally projecting neurons, most probably efferents, are described in the medulla.

Gentamicin is ototoxic to all hair cells in the fish lateral line system

2010 ◽  
Vol 261 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Van Trump ◽  
Sheryl Coombs ◽  
Kyle Duncan ◽  
Matthew J. McHenry
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System
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