Three-dimensional presentation of tissue-engineered blood vessels

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (12) ◽  
pp. pdb.mov50-pdb.mov50
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Engineered Blood Vessels ◽  
Three Dimensional Presentation

scholarly journals In VivoRemodeling of Fibroblast-Derived Vascular Scaffolds Implanted for 6 Months in Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Y. Tondreau ◽  
Véronique Laterreur ◽  
Karine Vallières ◽  
Robert Gauvin ◽  
Jean-Michel Bourget ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Engineered Blood Vessels ◽  
Vascular Scaffolds

There is a clinical need for tissue-engineered small-diameter (<6 mm) vascular grafts since clinical applications are halted by the limited suitability of autologous or synthetic grafts. This study uses the self-assembly approach to produce a fibroblast-derived decellularized vascular scaffold (FDVS) that can be available off-the-shelf. Briefly, extracellular matrix scaffolds were produced using human dermal fibroblasts sheets rolled around a mandrel, maintained in culture to allow for the formation of cohesive and three-dimensional tubular constructs, and decellularized by immersion in deionized water. The FDVSs were implanted as an aortic interpositional graft in six Sprague-Dawley rats for 6 months. Five out of the six implants were still patent 6 months after the surgery. Histological analysis showed the infiltration of cells on both abluminal and luminal sides, and immunofluorescence analysis suggested the formation of neomedia comprised of smooth muscle cells and lined underneath with an endothelium. Furthermore, to verify the feasibility of producing tissue-engineered blood vessels of clinically relevant length and diameter, scaffolds with a 4.6 mm inner diameter and 17 cm in length were fabricated with success and stored for an extended period of time, while maintaining suitable properties following the storage period. This novel demonstration of the potential of the FDVS could accelerate the clinical availability of tissue-engineered blood vessels and warrants further preclinical studies.

Methods for making stereoslides and -prints, with freeze-etched olfactory epithelium as example

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 704-705
Author(s):  
Bert Ph. M. Menco ◽  
Ido F. Menco ◽  
Frans L.T. Verdonk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Freezing Method ◽  
Respiratory Epithelia ◽  
Three Dimensional Presentation

Previously we presented an extensive study of the distributions of intramembranous particles of structures in apical surfaces of nasal olfactory and respiratory epithelia of the Sprague-Dawley rat. For the same structures these distributions were compared in samples which were i) chemically fixed and cryo-protected with glycerol before cryo-fixation, after excision, and ii)ultra-rapidly frozen by means of the slam-freezing method. Since a three-dimensional presentation markedly improves visualization of structural features micrographs were presented as stereopairs. Two exposures were made by tiling the sample stage of the electron microscope 6° in either direction with an eucentric goniometer. The negatives (Agfa Pan 25 Professional) were reversed with Kodak Technical Pan Film 2415 developed in D76 1:1. The prints were made from these reversed negatives. As an example tight-junctional features of an olfactory supporting cell in a region where this cell conjoined with two other cells are presented (Fig. 1).

Some quantitative applications of vascular corrosion casting

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 738-739
Author(s):  
Fred E. Hossler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Nuclear Orientation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Corrosion Casting ◽  
Venous Valve ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Quantitative Measurements

Preparation of replicas of the complex arrangement of blood vessels in various organs and tissues has been accomplished by infusing low viscosity resins into the vasculature. Subsequent removal of the surrounding tissue by maceration leaves a model of the intricate three-dimensional anatomy of the blood vessels of the tissue not obtainable by any other procedure. When applied with care, the vascular corrosion casting technique can reveal fine details of the microvasculature including endothelial nuclear orientation and distribution (Fig. 1), locations of arteriolar sphincters (Fig. 2), venous valve anatomy (Fig. 3), and vessel size, density, and branching patterns. Because casts faithfully replicate tissue vasculature, they can be used for quantitative measurements of that vasculature. The purpose of this report is to summarize and highlight some quantitative applications of vascular corrosion casting. In each example, casts were prepared by infusing Mercox, a methyl-methacrylate resin, and macerating the tissue with 20% KOH. Casts were either mounted for conventional scanning electron microscopy, or sliced for viewing with a confocal laser microscope.

scholarly journals Brain capillary structures of schizophrenia cases and controls show a correlation with their neuron structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rino Saiga ◽  
Masayuki Uesugi ◽  
Akihisa Takeuchi ◽  
Kentaro Uesugi ◽  
Yoshio Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Constant Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cartesian Coordinate ◽  
Micrometer Scale

AbstractBrain blood vessels constitute a micrometer-scale vascular network responsible for supply of oxygen and nutrition. In this study, we analyzed cerebral tissues of the anterior cingulate cortex and superior temporal gyrus of schizophrenia cases and age/gender-matched controls by using synchrotron radiation microtomography or micro-CT in order to examine the three-dimensional structure of cerebral vessels. Over 1 m of cerebral blood vessels was traced to build Cartesian-coordinate models, which were then used for calculating structural parameters including the diameter and curvature of the vessels. The distribution of vessel outer diameters showed a peak at 7–9 μm, corresponding to the diameter of the capillaries. Mean curvatures of the capillary vessels showed a significant correlation to the mean curvatures of neurites, while the mean capillary diameter was almost constant, independent of the cases. Our previous studies indicated that the neurites of schizophrenia cases are thin and tortuous compared to controls. The curved capillaries with a constant diameter should occupy a nearly constant volume, while neurons suffering from neurite thinning should have reduced volumes, resulting in a volumetric imbalance between the neurons and the vessels. We suggest that the observed structural correlation between neurons and blood vessels is related to neurovascular abnormalities in schizophrenia.

Effect of all-trans retinoic acid and pentagalloyl glucose on smooth muscle cell elastogenesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Kaveh Sanaei ◽  
Sydney Plotner ◽  
Anson Oommen Jacob ◽  
Jaime Ramirez-Vick ◽  
Narendra Vyavahare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Tissue Engineered Blood Vessels ◽  
Pentagalloyl Glucose ◽  
Vitamin A Derivative

BACKGROUND: The main objective of tissue engineering is to fabricate a tissue construct that mimics native tissue both biologically and mechanically. A recurring problem for tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBV) is deficient elastogenesis from seeded smooth muscle cells. Elastin is an integral mechanical component in blood vessels, allowing elastic deformation and retraction in response to the shear and pulsatile forces of the cardiac system. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this research is to assess the effect of the vitamin A derivative all-trans retinoic acid (RA) and polyphenol pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) on the expression of elastin in human aortic smooth muscle cells (hASMC). METHODS: A polycaprolactone (PCL) and the gelatin polymer composite was electrospun and doped with RA and PGG. The scaffolds were subsequently seeded with hASMCs and incubated for five weeks. The resulting tissue-engineered constructs were evaluated using qPCR and Fastin assay for their elastin expression and deposition. RESULTS: All treatments showed an increased elastin expression compared to the control, with PGG treatments showing a significant increase in gene expression and elastin deposition.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional relationships between tumor cells and microcirculation with double cyanine immunolabeling, laser scanning confocal microscopy, and computer-assisted reconstruction: an alternative to cast corrosion preparations.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 681-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Rummelt ◽  
L M Gardner ◽  
R Folberg ◽  
S Beck ◽  
B Knosp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Tumor Blood Vessels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scanning Electron

The morphology of the microcirculation of uveal melanomas is a reliable market of tumor progression. Scanning electron microscopy of cast corrosion preparations can generate three-dimensional views of these vascular patterns, but this technique sacrifices the tumor parenchyma. Formalin-fixed wet tissue sections 100-150 microns thick from uveal melanomas were stained with the lectin Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEAI) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) to demonstrate simultaneously the tumor blood vessels and proliferating tumor cells. Indocarbocyanine (Cy3) was used as a fluorophore for UEAI and indodicarbocyanine (Cy5) was used for PCNA. Double labeled sections were examined with a laser scanning confocal microscope. Images of both stains were digitized at the same 5-microns intervals and each of the two images per interval was combined digitally to form one image. These combined images were visualized through voxel processing to study the relationship between melanoma cells expressing PCNA and various microcirculatory patterns. This technique produces images comparable to scanning electron microscopy of cast corrosion preparations while permitting simultaneous localization of melanoma cells expressing PCNA. The microcirculatory tree can be viewed from any perspective and the relationship between tumor cells and the tumor blood vessels can be studied concurrently in three dimensions. This technique is an alternative to cast corrosion preparations.

Production of Extracellular Matrix Components in Tissue-Engineered Blood Vessels

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Heydarkhan-Hagvall ◽  
Maricris Esguerra ◽  
Gisela Helenius ◽  
Rigmor Söderberg ◽  
Bengt R. Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Tissue Engineered Blood Vessels ◽  
Matrix Components
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