scholarly journals Using Pavlovian Higher-Order Conditioning Paradigms to Investigate the Neural Substrates of Emotional Learning and Memory

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Gewirtz
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Emotional Learning ◽  
Order Conditioning

scholarly journals Higher-Order Conditioning in the Spatial Domain

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youcef Bouchekioua ◽  
Yutaka Kosaki ◽  
Shigeru Watanabe ◽  
Aaron P. Blaisdell
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Place Learning ◽  
Spatial Learning And Memory ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Order Conditioning ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Motor Actions

Spatial learning and memory, the processes through which a wide range of living organisms encode, compute, and retrieve information from their environment to perform goal-directed navigation, has been systematically investigated since the early twentieth century to unravel behavioral and neural mechanisms of learning and memory. Early theories about learning to navigate space considered that animals learn through trial and error and develop responses to stimuli that guide them to a goal place. According to a trial-and error learning view, organisms can learn a sequence of motor actions that lead to a goal place, a strategy referred to as response learning, which contrasts with place learning where animals learn locations with respect to an allocentric framework. Place learning has been proposed to produce a mental representation of the environment and the cartesian relations between stimuli within it—which Tolman coined the cognitive map. We propose to revisit some of the best empirical evidence of spatial inference in animals, and then discuss recent attempts to account for spatial inferences within an associative framework as opposed to the traditional cognitive map framework. We will first show how higher-order conditioning can successfully account for inferential goal-directed navigation in a variety of situations and then how vectors derived from path integration can be integrated via higher-order conditioning, resulting in the generation of higher-order vectors that explain novel route taking. Finally, implications to cognitive map theories will be discussed.

Extinction, Stimulus Generalization and Partial Reinforcement for Higher-Order Meaning Conditioning

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam W. Miller ◽  
Wylla D. Barsness
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Stimulus Generalization ◽  
Reinforcement Schedules ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Order Conditioning

This study investigated the degree to which higher-order conditioning of word meaning demonstrated acquisition, stimulus generalization, extinction and differential effects of reinforcement schedules. For 120 Ss, using a 2 × 3 factorial design, only extinction was not demonstrated. S awareness was unrelated to acquisition.

scholarly journals Higher-Order Conditioning Is Impaired by Hippocampal Lesions

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 2202-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asaf Gilboa ◽  
Melanie Sekeres ◽  
Morris Moscovitch ◽  
Gordon Winocur
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Order Conditioning ◽  
Hippocampal Lesions

scholarly journals Feedback from the heart: Emotional learning and memory is controlled by cardiac cycle, interoceptive accuracy and personality

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaby Pfeifer ◽  
Sarah N. Garfinkel ◽  
Cassandra D. Gould van Praag ◽  
Kuljit Sahota ◽  
Sophie Betka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Emotional Learning ◽  
Interoceptive Accuracy

Higher-Order Conditioning in the Monkey

1957 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Murphy ◽  
R. E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Order Conditioning

Higher Order Conditioning in the Newborn Rat: Effects of Temporal Disparity Imply Infantile Encoding of Simultaneous Events

Infancy ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Cheslock ◽  
E. I. Varlinskaya ◽  
J. M. High ◽  
N. E. Spear
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Newborn Rat ◽  
Order Conditioning ◽  
Temporal Disparity
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