scholarly journals Assessing the impacts of agriculture and its trade on Philippine biodiversity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Monica D. Ortiz ◽  
Justine Nicole V. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Plantation Agriculture ◽  
Unique Species

AbstractThe Philippines is home to a high number of unique species that can be found nowhere else in the world. However, its unique species and ecosystems are at high risk because of habitat loss and degradation. Agricultural land use and land use change are major drivers of biodiversity loss in the Philippines.In the Philippines, an important area that requires focus is plantation agriculture (monocropping) for high-value crops such as banana and pineapple, which are grown widely in the country, particularly in the island of Mindanao. The intensive nature of plantation agriculture means that it has many adverse effects on the environment while producing goods and commodities that are typically for trade and export with international partners. This means that local biodiversity losses may be driven by countries thousands of kilometers away.While many global studies have attempted to understand how biodiversity impacts are embodied within agricultural goods, there are few studies that have investigated the Philippines specifically. In this study, local and national-scale data are investigated to better characterize the nexus between agriculture, biodiversity, and trade in the Philippine context. Based on geographical data, many banana and pineapple plantations and their buffer zones interact and overlap with areas that are high in biodiversity, such as Protected Areas and Important Bird Areas. In this study, data shows that 82 threatened species, including the critically endangered Philippine eagle, are at risk of exposure to agricultural activities from high-value crops banana and pineapple. An additional and important political and legal analysis is also undertaken in the study to reveal key legislation and enabling environments relevant to the interactions between land use and biodiversity. More stringent definitions and protections for biodiversity are recommended to recognize the increasing role that agricultural production, and importantly, its global trade, has on threatened Philippine species and habitats.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impacts of Agriculture and Its Trade on Philippine Biodiversity

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Andrea Monica D. Ortiz ◽  
Justine Nicole V. Torres
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Species Occurrence ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Impact Zones ◽  
Agricultural Impact

Many Philippine species are at risk of extinction because of habitat loss and degradation driven by agricultural land use and land-use change. The Philippines is one of the world’s primary banana and pineapple producers. The input-intensive style of plantation agriculture for these typically exported crops has many adverse effects on the environment. While global studies have attempted to understand the biodiversity impacts of agricultural goods, there are few studies that have investigated the Philippines specifically. In this study, Philippine policies and data are investigated to better characterize the nexus between agriculture, biodiversity, and trade. An analysis of key national policies highlights that more stringent definitions and protections for biodiversity are needed to recognize the increasing roles that agricultural production, and importantly, its global trade, have on threatened Philippine species. A geographical analysis shows that many banana and pineapple plantations in Mindanao and their surrounding agricultural impact zones overlap with ecologically important areas, such as Protected Areas and Important Bird Areas. Overlaps of recorded species occurrence are observed within the immediate zones surrounding 250 plantations for banana and pineapple in Mindanao, with 83 threatened species of Philippine fauna and tree at risk of exposure to the impacts of intensive agriculture.

scholarly journals A review of regulation ecosystem services and disservices from faunal populations and potential impacts of agriculturalisation on their provision, globally

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Gutierrez-Arellano ◽  
Mark Mulligan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Structure Degradation ◽  
Animal Populations

Land use and cover change (LUCC) is the main cause of natural ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss and can cause a decrease in ecosystem service provision. Animal populations are providers of some key regulation services: pollination, pest and disease control and seed dispersal, the so-called faunal ecosystem services (FES). Here we aim to give an overview on the current and future status of regulation FES in response to change from original habitat to agricultural land globally. FES are much more tightly linked to wildlife populations and biodiversity than are most ecosystem services, whose determinants are largely climatic and related to vegetation structure. Degradation of ecosystems by land use change thus has much more potential to affect FES. In this scoping review, we summarise the main findings showing the importance of animal populations as FES providers and as a source of ecosystem disservices; underlying causes of agriculturalisation impacts on FES and the potential condition of FES under future LUCC in relation to the expected demand for FES globally. Overall, studies support a positive relationship between FES provision and animal species richness and abundance. Agriculturalisation has negative effects on FES providers due to landscape homogenisation, habitat fragmentation and loss, microclimatic changes and development of population imbalance, causing species and population losses of key fauna, reducing services whilst enhancing disservices. Since evidence suggests an increase in FES demand worldwide is required to support increased farming, it is imperative to improve the understanding of agriculturalisation on FES supply and distribution. Spatial conservation prioritisation must factor in faunal ecosystem functions as the most biodiversity-relevant of all ecosystem services and that which most closely links sites of service provision of conservation value with nearby sites of service use to provide ecosystem services of agricultural and economic value.

scholarly journals MODEL PEMANFAATAN ATAS TANAH TERLANTAR DARI HAK GUNA USAHA DIKAITKAN DENGAN PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PONDOK PESANTREN DI KAWASAN BOPUNJUR

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Rizal Syamsul Maarif ◽  
Martin Roestamy
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Abandoned Land ◽  
Land Use Rights

The objectives of this study are 1) To identify and analyze the concept and politics of enclaving abandoned land ex-land use rights (HGU) in Indonesia 2) To find out and conduct legal analysis regarding the development of an enclaving model of abandoned land ex-land use rights (HGU) of PTPN VIII for the development of a Pondok Pesantren business in the Bopunjur area. The research method used in this research is normative juridical analysis research with a qualitative approach combining secondary legal materials with primary legal materials so as to produce a fact analysis that occurs in the field. The results of this study are: 1) the concept and politics of enclaving on ex-plantation and agricultural land in the Bopunjur area can be utilized as a business development for a Pondok Pesantren, taking into account the 3-year period the land is not suitable for its purpose. And even tend to be neglected or have experienced several cultivated operations. 2) an enclaving development model for abandoned PTPN VIII land, namely by following the asset empowerment cooperation procedure for 5 years, on the way it can be upgraded to a right of use certificate and for 3 consecutive years you can request enclav to the Provincial BPN because Bopunjur is a direct area under the auspices of the Provincial BPN by observing the principle of benefiting the abandoned land into productive activitiesKeywords : Enclaving Model Development, Utilization Principles, Abandoned Land

scholarly journals The implications of remittances for agricultural land use and fuelwood collection: Evidence from the remaining forested landscapes in the Philippines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza Zhunusova ◽  
Melvin Lippe ◽  
Anastasia Lucy Yang ◽  
Sven Günter
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
Forested Landscapes ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Despite the projected sharpest decline in remittances in history due to the global economic crisis induced by the Covid-19 pandemic, remittances are expected to remain an important source of external financing for many developing countries. The Philippines is among the top five recipients of remittances worldwide, while outmigration is an important livelihood strategy for rural communities in the country due to rapid population growth, poor employment opportunities, and scarce agricultural land. Migration and remittances can influence smallholder land use with potential implications on forest resource use through an impact on household income and household decisions on local activities. However, little attention has been paid in previous research to how remittances relate to changes in rural households’ land use and their implications for forests. The goal of this study is to investigate the linkages between the inflow of both international and internal remittances and rural households’ land use in forested landscapes in the Philippines. In order to do that, we use the data from 1,024 household surveys and an instrumental variable approach to investigate the impact of remittances on fuelwood use and on the area cultivated by perennials and cereals. The findings of this study show that remittances positively influence the size of land planted by perennials and reduce households’ reliance on fuelwood use. Our findings provide an improved understanding of the links between migration - remittances - natural resource management, which will become especially relevant as countries struggle to deal with the economic fallout associated with Covid-19. We argue that demographic policy measures should play a bigger role in Land Use, Land-use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) negotiations than before. Moreover, global sustainability agendas such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) should recognize the impacts of migration on natural resources to help bridge the gap between developmental and environmental goals.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF LAND USE CHANGE IN SHIVAPURI NAGARJUN NATIONAL PARK: THE CASE OF SUNDARIJAL VDC, KATHMANDU

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Sujata Shrestha ◽  
Laxman Joshi ◽  
Mukesh Dangol
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
National Park ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Reconnaissance Survey ◽  
Livelihood Options ◽  
Illegal Activities

This research aimed to assess land use and its change between 1990, 2000 and 2010 in Sundarijal VDC of Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park (SNNP). Land use change was assessed using Landsat TM data for 1990, 2000 and 2010. The drivers of land use change and its implications on ecosystem services were studied through field study comprising reconnaissance survey, questionnaire survey, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. GIS analysis showed that forest land and bare land area declined by 0.19% and 0.53%, respectively from 1990 to 2010, while agricultural land increased by 0.72%. The local people see the change in water quantity and quality, soil erosion and biodiversity loss as impacts of land use change. The key drivers of land use change include over harvesting of fuel wood for alcohol production, timber extraction and non-conducive government policies. Due to limited livelihood options, people residing inside SNNP boundary are involved in illegal extraction of fuel wood mainly for alcohol production. Respondents stressed that alternative livelihood options are required for minimizing such illegal activities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v20i0.11441ECOPRINTAn International Journal of EcologyVol. 20, 2013Page: 53-59

scholarly journals Leveraging agroecology for solutions in food, energy, and water

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia DeLonge ◽  
Andrea Basche
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Food Energy

Global agriculture is facing growing challenges at the nexus of interconnected food, energy and water systems, including but not limited to persistent food insecurity and diet-related diseases; growing demands for energy and consequences for climate change; and declining water resources, water pollution, floods and droughts. Further, soil degradation and biodiversity loss are both triggers for and consequences of these problems. In this commentary, we argue that expanding agroecological principles, tools, and technologies and enhancing biological diversity can address these challenges and achieve better socioeconomic outcomes. Agroecology is often described as multi- or transdiscplinary, and applies ecological principles to the design and management of agricultural systems through scientific research, practice and collective action. While agroecology has roots in the study of food systems, agricultural land use has many direct and indirect linkages to water and energy systems that could benefit from agroecological insights, including use of water resources and the development of bio-based energy products. Although opportunities from the science and the practice of agroecology transcend national boundaries, obstacles to widespread adoption vary. In this article, we therefore focus on the United States, where key barriers include a shortage of research funds, limited supporting infrastructure, and cultural obstacles. Nevertheless, simply scaling up current models of agricultural production and land use practices will not solve many of the issues specific to food related challenges nor would such an approach address related energy and water concerns. We conclude that a first critical step to discovering solutions at the food, energy, water nexus will be to move past yield as a sole measure of success in agricultural systems, and call for more holistic considerations of the co-benefits and tradeoffs of different agricultural management options, particularly as they relate to environmental and equity outcomes.

scholarly journals Land Use Projection for Spatial Plan Consistency in Jabodetabek

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diyah Novita Kurnianti ◽  
Ernan Rustiadi ◽  
Dwi Putro Tejo Baskoro
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
The Future ◽  
Land Use Control ◽  
Spatial Plan

Land use changes in Greater Jakarta area are very dynamic because of the need for settlements and converting agricultural land. It indicates land use inconsistency regard to spatial plan that can cause land damage in the future. Land use which has potential inconsistency in the future are requires for land use control in this region. This study uses spatial analysis to look at the potential inconsistencies by comparing land use projection in the future in two scenarios that is with and without control by policies. Policies in this study are land suitability and forest allocation. The result shows that land use consistency with policies raise until 97,4 % but only 93.9 % without control by policies. Areas that could potentially have inconsistency in the future are Bogor, Bekasi, Tangerang and Jakarta North City for area which is directed as forest and buffer zones of cultivation.

scholarly journals URBANISATION AND THE CONCERNS FOR FOOD SECURITY IN MALAYSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azizan Marzuki ◽  
Ahmad Sahir Jais
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Food Imports

Urbanization is an effect of population growth. Increasing population contributed to the expanding of urban areas as cities try to accommodate more people within a minimal landscape. Urbanization takes up valuable land, sometimes productive agricultural land that feeds the population. The objectives of this paper are to investigate the connection between urban sprawl and its impact on agricultural productivity, and ultimately whether it affects food security in Malaysia. For this qualitative exploratory review exercise, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of secondary data was employed as the base for this study. Data mining techniques were used to gather relevant literature that included archival data, academic writings, and publications. The data are then dissected, analysed, and clustered using Atlas ti 8 software, focusing on thematic analysis. Urbanisation did affect the self-sufficiency level (SSL) of Malaysian food security, especially on landintensive food products such as vegetables and livestock. Recent government initiatives such as urban farming, land use policies were promoted to reduce the differences in food imports, ensuring Malaysian food security to be at an acceptable level. Significant development of this population dense proximity has created urban sprawl beyond the city limits, taking up valuable land space. Land-use conversion from agricultural land in Malaysia has been studied regarding its adverse effects on agricultural production. Urbanization therefore does affect food security through the land conversion of agricultural lands.

scholarly journals Land-Use Rights for Agricultural Land in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-178
Author(s):  
Dmytro Fedchyshyn ◽  
Iryna Ignatenko ◽  
Liudmyla Leiba
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Fixed Size ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Land Use Rights

The article deals with the rights to agricultural land under the conditions of the moratorium on the alienation of agricultural land in Ukraine. Currently land lease is the most widespread land-use right in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to investigate the features and prospects of the functioning of the land market in Ukraine and to increase investor interest in it. The dialectical method made it possible to consider the development of land-use rights in Ukraine, to formulate proposals for improving existing legislation. The method of comparative legal analysis made it possible to compare the system of relations of land ownership and lease in Ukraine and other countries of the world. Much attention has been paid to the abolition of the moratorium on the purchase of agricultural land in Ukraine, which will lead to a gradual increase in the share of entrepreneurial activity on owned land with an optimal ratio of land lease. Based on the features of agricultural land lease, the following positive points are highlighted: 1) the availability of long-term lease guarantees the tenant’s stability in land use and promotes better planning and investment attractiveness; 2) the ability to set a fixed size of land rent without taking into account the normative monetary valuation; 3) rents for agricultural land in Ukraine continue to be much lower than in other countries.

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