scholarly journals Encoding of social exploration by neural ensembles in the insular cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isamu Miura ◽  
Masaaki Sato ◽  
Nobuo Kunori ◽  
Eric T.N. Overton ◽  
Junichi Nakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Calcium Imaging ◽  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Behavioral State ◽  
Social Investigation ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Neural Ensembles ◽  
Social Exploration ◽  
Freely Moving

SummaryThe insular cortex participates in diverse complex brain functions including sociality, yet little is known about their cellular bases. Using microendoscopic calcium imaging of the agranular insular cortex (AI) in mice interacting with freely-moving and restrained social targets, we identified two subsets of AI neurons –a larger fraction of Social-ON cells and a smaller fraction of Social-OFF cells– that change their activity in opposite directions during social exploration. Social-ON cells included those that represented social investigation independent of location and consisted of multiple subsets, each of which were preferentially active during exploration under particular behavioral state or with a particular target of physical contact. These results uncover a previously unknown function of AI neurons in encoding conjunctive information on social behavior and suggest that AI may act to monitor the ongoing status of social exploration while an animal interacts with unfamiliar conspecifics.

scholarly journals Encoding of social exploration by neural ensembles in the insular cortex

PLoS Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. e3000584
Author(s):  
Isamu Miura ◽  
Masaaki Sato ◽  
Eric T. N. Overton ◽  
Nobuo Kunori ◽  
Junichi Nakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Neural Ensembles ◽  
Social Exploration

scholarly journals Neural ensembles in the insular cortex encode social exploration

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (0) ◽  
pp. 2-P1-41
Author(s):  
Masaaki Sato ◽  
Isamu Miura ◽  
Eric Overton ◽  
Nobuo Kunori ◽  
Junichi Nakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Neural Ensembles ◽  
Social Exploration

Fast whole‐body motor neuron calcium imaging of freely moving Caenorhabditis elegans without coverslip pressed

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiwen Li ◽  
Fan Feng ◽  
Muyue Zhai ◽  
Jia Zhi Zhang ◽  
Jingyuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Motor Neuron ◽  
Calcium Imaging ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Freely Moving

Electrical Emissions in Gymnotus Carapo and Their Relation To Social Behavior

Behaviour ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Valone
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Postural Responses ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

Abstract1. The relation between the social behavior and the electrical emissions of Gymnotus carapo is examined. 2. Members of the species Gymnotus carapo approach certain sources of electrical stimuli and, in a statistically significant number of instances, assume a stance parallel to the plane from which the stimuli originate. 3. The approach and postural responses elicited by electrical cues resemble those observed when two fish, placed in the same tank, interact socially. 4. Electrical cues therefore appear to facilitate certain social interactions in Gymnotus carapo. 5. The character of electrical emission in Gymnotus carapo appears to change as a function of certain social interaction: a. Interaction resembling aggression is accompanied by brief increases in the frequency of emission. b. The increases in frequency appear to be linked to thrusting movements. c. Fish interacting with one another appear to lock into a common frequency more often than fish that are not in physical contact with one another. d. During social interaction, one of the two fish is occasionally observed to halt emissions altogether. 6. The exact significance of the social behavior observed in the context of the life history of Gymnotus carapo is unknown.

scholarly journals Combined social and spatial coding in a descending projection from the prefrontal cortex

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Murugan ◽  
M. Park ◽  
J. Taliaferro ◽  
H.J. Jang ◽  
J. Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Social Investigation ◽  
Spatial Coding ◽  
Socially Motivated ◽  
Spatial Locations

Social interactions are crucial to the survival and well-being of all mammals, including humans. Although the prelimbic cortex (PL, part of medial prefrontal cortex) has been implicated in social behavior, it is not clear which neurons are relevant, nor how they contribute. We found that the PL contains anatomically and molecularly distinct subpopulations of neurons that target 3 downstream regions that have been implicated in social behavior: the nucleus accumbens (NAc), the amygdala, and the ventral tegmental area. Activation of NAc-projecting PL neurons (PL-NAc), but not the other subpopulations, decreased preference for a social target, suggesting an unique contribution of this population to social behavior. To determine what information PL-NAc neurons convey, we recorded selectively from them, and found that individual neurons were active during social investigation, but only in specific spatial locations. Spatially-specific inhibition of these neurons prevented the formation of a social-spatial association at the inhibited location. In contrast, spatially nonspecific inhibition did not affect social behavior. Thus, the unexpected combination of social and spatial information within the PL-NAc population appears to support socially motivated behavior by enabling the formation of social-spatial associations.

The effects of phencyclidine and amphetamine on social behavior in tether-restrained and freely moving rats.

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi E. Kuppinger ◽  
Amy Harrington ◽  
Helen J. Kaczmerek ◽  
John J. Panos ◽  
Rhea E. Steinpreis
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Freely Moving Rats ◽  
Freely Moving

Changes in protein levels in perfusates of freely moving cats: relation to behavioral state

Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 187 (4180) ◽  
pp. 963-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Drucker-Colin ◽  
C. Spanis ◽  
C. Cotman ◽  
J. McGaugh
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral State ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Freely Moving Cats

scholarly journals Persistent trajectory-modulated hippocampal neurons support memory-guided navigation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel R. Kinsky ◽  
William Mau ◽  
David W. Sullivan ◽  
Samuel J. Levy ◽  
Evan A. Ruesch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Imaging ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Place Cells ◽  
Dependent Activity ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Stable Trajectory ◽  
Alternation Task

ABSTRACTTrajectory-dependent splitter neurons in the hippocampus encode information about a rodent’s prior trajectory during performance of a continuous alternation task. As such, they provide valuable information for supporting memory-guided behavior. Here, we employed single-photon calcium imaging in freely moving mice to investigate the emergence and fate of trajectory-dependent activity through learning and mastery of a continuous spatial alternation task. We found that the quality of trajectory-dependent information in hippocampal neurons correlated with task performance. We thus hypothesized that, due to their utility, splitter neurons would exhibit heightened stability. We found that splitter neurons were more likely to remain active and retained more consistent spatial information across multiple days than did place cells. Furthermore, we found that both splitter neurons and place cells emerged rapidly and maintained stable trajectory-dependent/spatial activity thereafter. Our results suggest that neurons with useful functional coding properties exhibit heightened stability to support memory guided behavior.

scholarly journals A distributed neural code in the dentate gyrus and in CA1

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Stefanini ◽  
Mazen A. Kheirbek ◽  
Lyudmila Kushnir ◽  
Jessica Jimenez ◽  
Joshua H. Jennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Calcium Imaging ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Neural Code ◽  
Response Properties ◽  
Instantaneous Position ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Single Cell Response

ABSTRACTThe tuning properties of neurons in a given brain region have been traditionally viewed as the under-pinnings of computation in neural circuits. However, at the higher levels of processing, specialization is often elusive, instead a mix of sensory, cognitive and behavioural quantities drive neural activity. In such networks, ensembles of neurons, rather than single units with easily interpretable tuning properties, encode behaviourally relevant variables. Here we show that this is the case also in the dentate gyrus and CA1 subregions of the hippocampus. Using calcium imaging in freely moving mice, we decoded the instantaneous position, direction of motion and speed from the activity of hundreds of cells in the hippocampus of mice freely exploring an arena. For the vast majority of neurons in both regions, their response properties were not predictive of their importance for encoding position. Furthermore, we could decode position from populations of cells that were important for decoding direction of motion and vice versa, showing that these quantities are encoded by largely overlapping ensembles as in distributed neural code. Finally, we found that correlated activities had an impact on decoding performance in CA1 but not in dentate gyrus, suggesting different enconding strategies for these areas. Our analysis indicates that classical methods of analysis based on single cell response properties might be insufficient to accurately characterize the neural computation in a given area. In contrast, population analysis may help highlight previously overlooked properties of hippocampal circuits.

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