scholarly journals Selective activation of estrogen receptors α and β: Implications for depressive-like phenotypes in female mice exposed to chronic unpredictable stress

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rand S. Eid ◽  
Stephanie E. Lieblich ◽  
Paula Duarte-Guterman ◽  
Jessica A. Chaiton ◽  
Amanda G. Mah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Dorsal Hippocampus ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Estrogen Signaling ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Stress ◽  
17Β Estradiol

AbstractThe estrogen receptor (ER) mechanisms by which 17β-estradiol influences depressive-like behaviour have primarily been investigated acutely and not within an animal model of depression. Therefore, the current study aimed to dissect the contribution of ERα and ERβ to the effects of 17β-estradiol under non-stress and chronic stress conditions. Ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated mice were treated chronically (47 days) with 17β-estradiol (E2), the ERβ agonist diarylpropionitrile (DPN), the ERα agonist propylpyrazole-triol (PPT), or vehicle. On day 15 of treatment, mice from each group were assigned to Chronic Unpredictable Stress (CUS; 28 days) or non-CUS conditions. Mice were assessed for anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. Cytokine and chemokine levels, and postsynaptic density protein 95 were measured in the hippocampus and frontal cortex, and adult hippocampal neurogenesis was assessed. Overall, the effects of CUS were more robust that those of estrogenic treatments, as seen by increased immobility in the tail suspension test (TST), reduced PSD-95 expression, reduced neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus, and HPA axis negative feedback dysregulation. However, we also observe CUS-dependent and -independent effects of ovarian status and estrogenic treatments. The effects of CUS on PSD-95 expression, the cytokine milieu, and in TST were largely driven by PPT and DPN, indicating that these treatments were not protective. Independent of CUS, estradiol increased neurogenesis in the dorsal hippocampus, blunted the corticosterone response to an acute stressor, but increased anxiety-like behaviour. These findings provide insights into the complexities of estrogen signaling in modulating depressive-like phenotypes under non-stress and chronic stress conditions.

scholarly journals Social Instability is an Effective Chronic Stress Paradigm for both Male and Female Mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine N. Yohn ◽  
Sandra A. Ashamalla ◽  
Leshya Bokka ◽  
Mark M. Gergues ◽  
Alexander Garino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Males And Females

ABSTRACTDespite stress-associated disorders having a higher incidence rate in females, preclinical research mainly focuses on males. Chronic stress paradigms, such as chronic social defeat and chronic corticosterone administration, were mainly designed and validated in males and subsequent attempts to use these paradigms in females has demonstrated sex differences in the behavioral and HPA axis response to stress. Here, we developed a social stress paradigm, social instability stress (SIS), which exposes adult mice to unstable social hierarchies for 7 weeks. SIS effectively induces negative valence behaviors and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation in both males and females. Importantly, while there were effects of estrous cycle on behavior, this variability did not impact the overall effects of SIS on behavior, suggesting estrous does not need to be tracked while utilizing SIS. Furthermore, the effects of SIS on negative valence behaviors were also reversed following chronic antidepressant treatment with fluoxetine (FLX) in both males and females. SIS also reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in female mice, while chronic FLX treatment increased adult hippocampal neurogenesis in both males and females. Overall, these data demonstrate that the SIS paradigm is an ethologically valid approach that effectively induces chronic stress in both adult male and adult female mice.

Sexual activity counteracts the suppressive effects of chronic stress on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and recognition memory

2013 ◽  
Vol 1538 ◽  
pp. 26-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-In Kim ◽  
Jae Won Lee ◽  
Young Ah Lee ◽  
Dong-Hun Lee ◽  
Nam Soo Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

scholarly journals Sex-dependent regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis under basal and chronic stress conditions in rats

Hippocampus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 476-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina M. Hillerer ◽  
Inga D. Neumann ◽  
Sebastien Couillard-Despres ◽  
Ludwig Aigner ◽  
David A. Slattery
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Stress Conditions

FC29-02 - Is prenatal exposure to alcohol a factor which re-program the brain?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1978-1978
Author(s):  
J.H. Sliwowska
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
List Type ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hpg Axis ◽  
The Brain

IntroductionFetal programming refers to the concept that early environmental factors, including prenatal exposure to stress and drugs, can permanently organize or imprint physiological and behavioural systems and increase vulnerability to disorders such as depression and anxiety later in life.AimsIs prenatal exposure to alcohol a factor which re-programs the brain?ObjectivesEffects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on:1)the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis;2)the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis;3)serotonergic (5-HT) system and4)adult hippocampal neurogenesis are presented.MethodsOffspring from prenatal ethanol (PAE), pair-fed (PF) and ad lib-fed control (C) dams are studied across the development or in adulthood. Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques are used.ResultsIn term of the HPA axis: PAE alters the balance of mineralocorticoids/glucocorticoids (MRs/GRs) receptor levels in the hippocampus of adult females. In the case of the HPG axis: PAE delays puberty and changes hormonal profiles in males and females. PAE also decreases numbers of 5-HT-immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus of the brainstem in ovariectomized rats and estradiol and progesterone modulate those effects. Finally, in adult PAE males, but not females stress-induced decrease in neurogenesis is altered.ConclusionsIn our animal model PAE re-programs the brain. Effects of PAE are long-lasting, affect HPA and HPG axes, 5-HT system and adult hippocampal neurogenesis and if seen in humans could contribute to increased vulnerability to depression and anxiety.

Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Protects From Chronic Stress Effects in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. S58-S59
Author(s):  
Christoph Anacker ◽  
Victor Luna ◽  
Ryan Shores ◽  
Gregory Stevens ◽  
Rene Hen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Stress Effects

scholarly journals Extracranial 125I Seed Implantation Allows Non-invasive Stereotactic Radioablation of Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis in Guinea Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily Wan ◽  
Rou-Jie Huang ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Jia-Qi Ai ◽  
Qian Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Dorsal Hippocampus ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Granule Cell Layer ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Seed Implantation ◽  
Non Invasive

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is important for multiple cognitive functions. We sort to establish a minimal or non-invasive radiation approach to ablate AHN using guinea pigs as an animal model. 125I seeds with different radiation dosages (1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.3 mCi) were implanted unilaterally between the scalp and skull above the temporal lobe for 30 and 60 days, with the radiation effect on proliferating cells, immature neurons, and mature neurons in the hippocampal formation determined by assessment of immunolabeled (+) cells for Ki67, doublecortin (DCX), and neuron-specific nuclear antigen (NeuN), as well as Nissl stain cells. Spatially, the ablation effect of radiation occurred across the entire rostrocaudal and largely the dorsoventral dimensions of the hippocampus, evidenced by a loss of DCX+ cells in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of dentate gyrus (DG) in the ipsilateral relative to contralateral hemispheres in reference to the 125I seed implant. Quantitatively, Ki67+ and DCX+ cells at the SGZ in the dorsal hippocampus were reduced in all dosage groups at the two surviving time points, more significant in the ipsilateral than contralateral sides, relative to sham controls. NeuN+ neurons and Nissl-stained cells were reduced in the granule cell layer of DG and the stratum pyramidale of CA1 in the groups with 0.6-mCi radiation for 60 days and 1.0 mCi for 30 and 60 days. Minimal cranial trauma was observed in the groups with 0.3– 1.0-mCi radiation at 60 days. These results suggest that extracranial radiation with 125I seed implantation can be used to deplete HAN in a radioactivity-, duration-, and space-controllable manner, with a “non-invasive” stereotactic ablation achievable by using 125I seeds with relatively low radioactivity dosages.

scholarly journals Inhibiting adult neurogenesis differentially affects spatial learning in females and males

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P O'Leary ◽  
Baran Askari ◽  
Bonnie Lee ◽  
Kathryn Darby ◽  
Cypress Knudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Mossy Fiber ◽  
Dorsal Hippocampus ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Adult Born Neurons

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis has been implicated in the spatial processing functions of the hippocampus but ablating neurogenesis does not consistently lead to behavioral deficits in spatial tasks. Parallel studies have shown that adult-born neurons also regulate behavioral responses to stressful and aversive stimuli. We therefore hypothesized that spatial functions of adult-born neurons may be more prominent under conditions of stress, and may differ between males and females given established sex differences in stress responding. To test this we trained intact and neurogenesis-deficient rats in the spatial water maze at temperatures that vary in their degree of aversiveness. At standard temperatures (25°C) ablating neurogenesis did not alter learning and memory in either sex, consistent with prior work. However, in cold water (16°C), ablating neurogenesis had divergent sex-dependent effects: relative to intact rats, male neurogenesis-deficient rats were slower to escape and female neurogenesis-deficient rats were faster. Neurogenesis promoted temperature-related changes in search strategy in females, but it promoted search strategy stability in males. Females displayed greater recruitment of the dorsal hippocampus than males, particularly at 16°C. However, blocking neurogenesis did not alter activity-dependent immediate-early gene expression in either sex. Finally, morphological analyses of retrovirally-labelled neurons revealed greater experience-dependent plasticity in new neurons in males. Neurons had comparable morphology in untrained rats but 16°C training increased spine density, and 25°C training caused shrinkage of mossy fiber presynaptic terminals, specifically in males. Collectively, these findings indicate that neurogenesis functions in memory are prominent under conditions of stress, they provide the first evidence for sex differences in the behavioral function of newborn neurons, and they suggest possibly distinct roles for neurogenesis in cognition and mental health in males and females.

scholarly journals Autophagic death of neural stem cells mediates chronic stress-induced decline of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive deficits

IBRO Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. S487
Author(s):  
Seonghee Jung ◽  
Seongwon Choe ◽  
Hanwoong Woo ◽  
Hyeonjeong Jeong ◽  
Hyun-Kyu An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis
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