scholarly journals Megakaryocytes Display Innate Immune Cell Functions and Respond during Sepsis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galit H. Frydman ◽  
Felix Ellett ◽  
Julianne Jorgensen ◽  
Anika L. Marand ◽  
Lawrence Zukerberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Cell ◽  
Leukemia Cell Line ◽  
Megakaryoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Functions

AbstractMegakaryocytes (MKs) are precursors to platelets, the second most abundant cells in the peripheral circulation. However, while platelets are known participate in immune responses and play significant roles during infections, the role of MKs within the immune system has not been explored. Here we utilizein vitrotechniques to show that both cord blood-derived MKs (CB MKs) and MKs from a human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line (Meg-01) chemotax towards pathogenic stimuli, phagocytose bacteria, and release chromatin webs in response to bacteria. Moreover, in patients with sepsis, we found that MK counts were significantly higher in the peripheral blood, and CD61+staining was increased in the kidneys and lungs, correlated with the development of organ dysfunction. Overall, our study suggests that MK cells display basic innate immune cell functions and respond during infections and sepsis.

In vitro innate immune cell based models to assess whole cell Bordetella pertussis vaccine quality: A proof of principle

Biologicals ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Hoonakker ◽  
L.M. Verhagen ◽  
C.F.M. Hendriksen ◽  
C.A.C.M. van Els ◽  
R.J. Vandebriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Cell ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Proof Of Principle

scholarly journals Mitosis in Cancer Cell Increases Immune Resistance via High Expression of HLA-G and PD-L1

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2661
Author(s):  
Matti Ullah ◽  
Warda Aoudjeghout ◽  
Cynthia Pimpie ◽  
Marc Pocard ◽  
Massoud Mirshahi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Leukemia Cell Line ◽  
G1 Phase ◽  
G2 Phase ◽  
The Impact

Cancer is a result of “aggressive” division and uncontrolled proliferation of the abnormal cells that survive attack by immune cells. We investigated the expression of HLA-G and PD-L1 with the different stages of cancer cell division along with their role in the interaction of immune cells in vitro. Ovarian cancer (OVCAR-3) and chronic myeloid leukemia cell line (K-562) are used for this study. The correlation of protein expression with percentage of cells in each phase (G1, S and G2 phase) was evaluated through FACS. Cells were synchronized in G1, G2 and mitotic phase to evaluate gene (RT-qPCR) and protein expression (FACS). Real-time immune cell attack (RTICA) analysis with PBMCs (peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells) and cancer cells were performed. We found that cells expressing higher levels of HLA-G and PD-L1 are mainly in G2 phase and those expressing lower levels are mainly in G1 phase. Evidently, the higher expression of the two proteins was observed when synchronized in mitotic phase as compared to low expression when synchronized in G1 phase. RTICA analysis showed the presence of HLA-G delayed the lysis of the cells. In conclusion, the cancer cell can escape from immune cells in division stage that suggests the impact of mitosis index for cancer immunotherapy.

scholarly journals Cibinetide dampens innate immune cell functions thus ameliorating the course of experimental colitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Nairz ◽  
David Haschka ◽  
Stefanie Dichtl ◽  
Thomas Sonnweber ◽  
Andrea Schroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Functions

scholarly journals The dual role of platelet-innate immune cell interactions in thrombo-inflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Rayes ◽  
Joshua H. Bourne ◽  
Alexander Brill ◽  
Steve P. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Innate Immune Cell

scholarly journals In Vitro Development of Erythroid and Megakaryocytic Cells From a UT-7 Subline, UT-7/GM

Blood ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 4021-4033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Komatsu ◽  
Keita Kirito ◽  
Ritsuko Shimizu ◽  
Masae Kunitama ◽  
Minami Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Erythroid Differentiation ◽  
Leukemia Cell Line ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Megakaryoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Gm Csf

Abstract UT-7 is a human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line with absolute dependence on interleukin-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF ), or erythropoietin (EPO) for growth and survival. We isolated a novel subline, UT-7/GM after long-term culture of UT-7 with GM-CSF. The hemoglobin concentration and γ-globin and EPO-receptor mRNA levels were significantly higher in EPO-treated UT-7/GM cells than in untreated cells. In contrast, the platelet factor 4 and glycoprotein IIb mRNA levels were much higher in thrombopoietin (TPO)-treated UT-7/GM cells than in untreated cells. Some TPO-treated cells had morphologically mature megakaryocytic characteristics such as a developed demarcation membrane in the cytoplasm and multilobular nuclei. These findings indicate that UT-7/GM is a bipotential cell line that can be induced to differentiate into erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages by EPO and TPO, respectively. Moreover, a minority of UT-7/GM cells acquired a high hemoglobin concentration by treatment with TPO, suggesting that TPO in part induced the erythroid differentiation of the UT-7/GM cells. Interestingly, GM-CSF inhibited the EPO- or TPO-induced erythroid differentiation and the TPO-induced megakaryocytic differentiation of UT-7/GM cells. These results support the hypothesis that cytokines influence the programming of gene expression required for lineage commitment or differentiation.

scholarly journals Thrombin Maybe Plays an Important Role in MK Differentiation into Platelets

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Lei Yang ◽  
Meng-Kai Ge ◽  
De-Kui Mao ◽  
Ying-Tao Lv ◽  
Shu-Yan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Leukemia Cell Line ◽  
Inhibitory Protein ◽  
Megakaryoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Development And Differentiation ◽  
Transcription Factor 1

Objectives. After development and differentiation, megakaryocytes (MKs) can produce platelets. As is well known, thrombopoietin (TPO) can induce MKs to differentiate. The effect of thrombin on MKs differentiation is not clear. In this study, we used a human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line (Meg-01) to assess the effect of thrombin on MKs differentiation.Methods. In order to interrogate the role of thrombin in Meg-01 cells differentiation, the changes of morphology, cellular function, and expression of diverse factors were analyzed.Results. The results show that thrombin suppresses Meg-01 cells proliferation and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Thrombin upregulates the expression of CD41b, which is one of the most important MK markers. Globin transcription factor 1 (GATA-1), an important transcriptional regulator, controls MK development and maturation. The expression of GATA-1 is also upregulated by thrombin in Meg-01 cells. The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), an apoptosis-inhibitory protein, is downregulated by thrombin. Phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) were upregulated by thrombin in Meg-01 cells. All the results are consistent with Meg-01 cells treated with TPO.Discussion and Conclusion. In conclusion, all these data indicate that thrombin maybe plays an important role in MK differentiation into platelets. However, whether the platelet-like particles are certainly platelets remains unknown.

Immunomodulatory functions of surfactant

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 931-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Lung Surfactant ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Lipoprotein Complex ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

The possibility that the lipoprotein complex of lung surfactant functions in pulmonary host defense as well as lowering surface tension at the air-liquid interface has been the subject of renewed interest in light of the finding that surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D) are members of a family of proteins known as collectins. The collectins, so named because they have in common an NH2-terminal collagen-like domain and a COOH-terminal lectin (carbohydrate binding) domain, are found in both lung and serum and participate in "innate" immunity, acting before induction of an antibody-mediated response. In vitro, many of the collectins stimulate phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and production of reactive oxygen and regulate cytokine release by immune cells. It has been known for several years that surfactant lipids suppress a variety of immune cell functions, most notably lymphocyte proliferation, which, conversely, is augmented by SP-A. Thus surfactant lipids and proteins may be counterregulatory, and changes in lipid-to-protein ratios may be important in regulating the immune status of the lung. That these ratios change in disease states is clear, but it is not known whether the alterations are a cause or an effect. Important future studies with mice in which the SP-A and SP-D genes have been ablated will help clarify the role of surfactant in immune function.

scholarly journals IFN-γPriming Effects on the Maintenance of Effector Memory CD4+T Cells and on Phagocyte Function: Evidences from Infectious Diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Borges da Silva ◽  
Raíssa Fonseca ◽  
José M. Alvarez ◽  
Maria Regina D’Império Lima
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Innate Immune Cells ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Memory Cd4 T Cells

Although it has been established that effector memory CD4+T cells play an important role in the protective immunity against chronic infections, little is known about the exact mechanisms responsible for their functioning and maintenance, as well as their effects on innate immune cells. Here we review recent data on the role of IFN-γpriming as a mechanism affecting both innate immune cells and effector memory CD4+T cells. Suboptimal concentrations of IFN-γare seemingly crucial for the optimization of innate immune cell functions (including phagocytosis and destruction of reminiscent pathogens), as well as for the survival and functioning of effector memory CD4+T cells. Thus, IFN-γpriming can thus be considered an important bridge between innate and adaptive immunity.

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