scholarly journals Theory of cyborg: a new approach to fish locomotion control

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jamali ◽  
Yousef Jamali ◽  
Mehdi Golshani
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Locomotion Control ◽  
High Frequency Signal ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Fish Locomotion ◽  
Stimulation Method

AbstractCyborg in the brain-machine interface field has attracted more attention in recent years. To control a creature via a machine called cyborg method, three stages are considerable: stimulation of neurons, neural response, and the behavioral reaction of the subject. Our main concern was to know how electrical stimulation induces neural activity and leads to a behavioral response. Additionally, we were interested to explore which type of electrical stimulation is optimal from different aspects such as maximum response with minimum induction stimulus field, minimum damage of the tissue and the electrode, reduction of the noxiousness of stimuli or pain in the living creature. In this article, we proposed a new model for the induction of neural activity led to locomotion responses through an electrical stimulation. Furthermore, based on this model, we developed a new approach of electrical neural stimulation to provide a better locomotion control of living beings. This approach was verified through the empirical data of fish cyborg. We stimulated the fish brain by use of an ultra-high frequency signal which careered by a random low frequency. According to our model, we could control the locomotion of fish in a novel and innovative way. In this study, we categorized the different cyborg methods based on the nervous system areas and the stimulation signal properties to reach the better and optimal behavioral control of creature. According to this, we proposed a new stimulation method theoretically and confirmed it experimentally.

scholarly journals A new method of brain stimulation at ultra-high frequency

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Jamali ◽  
Mohammad Jamali ◽  
Mehdi Golshani
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Random Wave ◽  
High Frequency Signal ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Ultra High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Method ◽  
Low Amplitude

SummaryNerve stimulation via micro-electrode implants is one of the neurostimulation approaches which is used frequently in the medical treatment of some brain disorders, neural prosthetics, brain-machine interfaces and also in the cyborg. In this method, the electrical stimulation signal can be categorized by the frequency band: low frequency, high frequency, and ultra-high frequency. The stimulation should be less destructive, more smooth, and controllable. In this article, we present a brief description of the mechanism underlying the ultra-high frequency stimulation. In the flowing, from an informatics perspective, we propose a state-of-the-art, low destructive, and highly efficient stimulation method at the low amplitude ultra-high frequency signal. In this method, we have tried to reduce the adaptation of the nerve system by modulating the stimulation signal via a low frequency rectangular random wave. By this method, we could reach the “almost zero discharge” with minimum destructive effect in the experimental test on the fish nervous system.

scholarly journals Deep Brain Stimulation of the Posterior Insula in Chronic Pain: A Theoretical Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
David Bergeron ◽  
Sami Obaid ◽  
Marie-Pierre Fournier-Gosselin ◽  
Alain Bouthillier ◽  
Dang Khoa Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Posterior Insula ◽  
Deep Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

Introduction: To date, clinical trials of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for refractory chronic pain have yielded unsatisfying results. Recent evidence suggests that the posterior insula may represent a promising DBS target for this indication. Methods: We present a narrative review highlighting the theoretical basis of posterior insula DBS in patients with chronic pain. Results: Neuroanatomical studies identified the posterior insula as an important cortical relay center for pain and interoception. Intracranial neuronal recordings showed that the earliest response to painful laser stimulation occurs in the posterior insula. The posterior insula is one of the only regions in the brain whose low-frequency electrical stimulation can elicit painful sensations. Most chronic pain syndromes, such as fibromyalgia, had abnormal functional connectivity of the posterior insula on functional imaging. Finally, preliminary results indicated that high-frequency electrical stimulation of the posterior insula can acutely increase pain thresholds. Conclusion: In light of the converging evidence from neuroanatomical, brain lesion, neuroimaging, and intracranial recording and stimulation as well as non-invasive stimulation studies, it appears that the insula is a critical hub for central integration and processing of painful stimuli, whose high-frequency electrical stimulation has the potential to relieve patients from the sensory and affective burden of chronic pain.

Positive Behavioral Support: New Foci in the Management of Challenging Behaviors

1992 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Sisson
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Challenging Behaviors ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Positive Behavioral Support ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Functional Assessments ◽  
Positive Intervention

Individuals with visual impairments and multiple disabilities often exhibit severe problem behaviors that interfere with their acquisition of skills, limit access to integrated community settings, and cause harm to themselves or others. This article describes a new approach to behavioral control that uses positive intervention strategies, bases treatment on functional assessments of challenging responses, and emphasizes broad changes in the life-styles of individuals.

Effects of chronic low-frequency electrical stimulation of human knee extensor muscles exposed to static passive stretching

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Shenkman ◽  
E. V. Lyubaeva ◽  
D. V. Popov ◽  
A. I. Netreba ◽  
O. S. Tarasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Passive Stretching ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Knee Extensor Muscles ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Treating Seizures With Low-Frequency Electrical Stimulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 153575972110035
Author(s):  
Angelique Bordey
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency

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scholarly journals An Investigation into Error Source Identification of Machine Tools Based on Time-Frequency Feature Extraction

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongju Chen ◽  
Shuai Zhou ◽  
Lihua Dong ◽  
Jinwei Fan
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Signal ◽  
High Frequency Signal ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis Method

This paper presents a new identification method to identify the main errors of the machine tool in time-frequency domain. The low- and high-frequency signals of the workpiece surface are decomposed based on the Daubechies wavelet transform. With power spectral density analysis, the main features of the high-frequency signal corresponding to the imbalance of the spindle system are extracted from the surface topography of the workpiece in the frequency domain. With the cross-correlation analysis method, the relationship between the guideway error of the machine tool and the low-frequency signal of the surface topography is calculated in the time domain.

Poststack impedance inversion considering the diffractive component of the wavefield

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. R11-R28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Xiang ◽  
Evgeny Landa
Keyword(s):  
Specular Reflection ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
Forward Modeling ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fracture Detection ◽  
Frequency Model ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Impedance Inversion ◽  
Diffraction Imaging

Seismic diffraction waveform energy contains important information about small-scale subsurface elements, and it is complementary to specular reflection information about subsurface properties. Diffraction imaging has been used for fault, pinchout, and fracture detection. Very little research, however, has been carried out taking diffraction into account in the impedance inversion. Usually, in the standard inversion scheme, the input is the migrated data and the assumption is taken that the diffraction energy is optimally focused. This assumption is true only for a perfectly known velocity model and accurate true amplitude migration algorithm, which are rare in practice. We have developed a new approach for impedance inversion, which takes into account diffractive components of the total wavefield and uses the unmigrated input data. Forward modeling, designed for impedance inversion, includes the classical specular reflection plus asymptotic diffraction modeling schemes. The output model is composed of impedance perturbation and the low-frequency model. The impedance perturbation is estimated using the Bayesian approach and remapped to the migrated domain by the kinematic ray tracing. Our method is demonstrated using synthetic and field data in comparison with the standard inversion. Results indicate that inversion with taking into account diffraction can improve the acoustic impedance prediction in the vicinity of local reflector discontinuities.

scholarly journals Sleep modulates cortical connectivity and excitability in humans: Direct evidence from neural activity induced by single-pulse electrical stimulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 4714-4729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyohide Usami ◽  
Riki Matsumoto ◽  
Katsuya Kobayashi ◽  
Takefumi Hitomi ◽  
Akihiro Shimotake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Cortical Connectivity
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