scholarly journals Does parental angling selection affect the behavior or metabolism of brown trout parr?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenni M. Prokkola ◽  
Nico Alioravainen ◽  
Lauri Mehtätalo ◽  
Pekka Hyvärinen ◽  
Alexandre Lemopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Standard Metabolic Rate ◽  
Captive Population ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractThe behavior of organisms can be subject to human induced selection such as that arising from fishing. Angling is expected to induce mortality on fish with bold and explorative behavior, which are behaviors commonly linked to a high standard metabolic rate. We studied the transgenerational response of brown trout (Salmo trutta) to angling-induced selection by examining the behavior and metabolism of 1-year-old parr between parents that were or were not captured by experimental fly fishing. We performed the angling selection experiment on both a wild and a captive population, and compared the offspring for standard metabolic rate and behavior under predation risk in common garden conditions. Angling had population-specific effects on risk taking and exploration tendency, but no effects on standard metabolic rate. Our study adds to the evidence that angling can induce transgenerational responses on fish personality. However, understanding the mechanisms of divergent responses between the populations requires further study on the selectivity of angling in various conditions.

scholarly journals Associations between metabolic traits and growth rate in brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) depend on thermal regime

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1959) ◽  
pp. 20211509
Author(s):  
Louise C. Archer ◽  
Stephen A. Hutton ◽  
Luke Harman ◽  
W. Russell Poole ◽  
Patrick Gargan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Standard Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energetic Cost ◽  
Fluctuating Selection ◽  
Metabolic Traits ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Metabolism defines the energetic cost of life, yet we still know relatively little about why intraspecific variation in metabolic rate arises and persists. Spatio-temporal variation in selection potentially maintains differences, but relationships between metabolic traits (standard metabolic rate (SMR), maximum metabolic rate (MMR), and aerobic scope) and fitness across contexts are unresolved. We show that associations between SMR, MMR, and growth rate (a key fitness-related trait) vary depending on the thermal regime (a potential selective agent) in offspring of wild-sampled brown trout from two populations reared for approximately 15 months in either a cool or warm (+1.8°C) regime. SMR was positively related to growth in the cool, but negatively related in the warm regime. The opposite patterns were found for MMR and growth associations (positive in warm, negative in the cool regime). Mean SMR, but not MMR, was lower in warm regimes within both populations (i.e. basal metabolic costs were reduced at higher temperatures), consistent with an adaptive acclimation response that optimizes growth. Metabolic phenotypes thus exhibited a thermally sensitive metabolic ‘floor’ and a less flexible metabolic ‘ceiling’. Our findings suggest a role for growth-related fluctuating selection in shaping patterns of metabolic variation that is likely important in adapting to climate change.

scholarly journals Aerobic scope explains individual variation in feeding capacity

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 20150793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya K. Auer ◽  
Karine Salin ◽  
Graeme J. Anderson ◽  
Neil B. Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Standard Metabolic Rate ◽  
Aerobic Scope ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Juvenile Brown Trout

Links between metabolism and components of fitness such as growth, reproduction and survival can depend on food availability. A high standard metabolic rate (SMR; baseline energy expenditure) or aerobic scope (AS; the difference between an individual's maximum and SMR) is often beneficial when food is abundant or easily accessible but can be less important or even disadvantageous when food levels decline. While the mechanisms underlying these context-dependent associations are not well understood, they suggest that individuals with a higher SMR or AS are better able to take advantage of high food abundance. Here we show that juvenile brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) with a higher AS were able to consume more food per day relative to individuals with a lower AS. These results help explain why a high aerobic capacity can improve performance measures such as growth rate at high but not low levels of food availability.

scholarly journals Behavioural effects in juvenile brown trout in response to parental angling selection

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Alioravainen ◽  
Pekka Hyvärinen ◽  
Anssi Vainikka
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Wild Stock ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Behavioural Effects ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Juvenile Brown Trout

Fishing that selectively captures and removes fish based on their behavioural decisions is predicted to induce evolution towards timid fish stocks. Thus, offspring behaviour should associate with parental vulnerability to angling. We examined phenotypic behavioural variation in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) whose parents, representing a hatchery and a wild stock, were experimentally grouped based on their relative vulnerability to angling. The F1 offspring from highly vulnerable (HV) and low vulnerable (LV) parents were reared in common garden conditions together with a crossbred wild × hatchery reference group and tested for boldness during their first summer. Wild LV juveniles were the shyest of all fish, but not distinctly shyer than wild HV juveniles. Contradictorily, hatchery LV juveniles expressed bolder behaviour than hatchery HV juveniles. We show that angling selection may have transgenerational behavioural effects independently of size variation, but changes in behaviour can manifest differently in fish from different backgrounds. Our results partly support the earlier findings of increased angling-induced timidity in wild populations and thus call for management focus on behavioural effects of fishing.

scholarly journals Evidence that standard metabolic rate and risk-taking to breathe air are linked to boldness, activity level and exploratory behaviour in a catfish

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. McKenzie ◽  
Thiago C. Belão ◽  
Shaun S. Killen ◽  
Felipe R. Blasco ◽  
Morten B.S. Svendsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Standard Metabolic Rate ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Exploratory Behaviour ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Data Support

AbstractWe used an air-breathing catfish, Clarias gariepinus, to investigate the hypothesis that individual variation in metabolic rate, and the propensity to take risks to obtain a resource (oxygen from air), would be correlated with behavioural tendencies such as boldness, activity level and exploratory behaviour. The standard metabolic rate (SMR) of 58 juvenile catfish was positively correlated with their rates of aerial respiration in daylight when surfacing was inherently risky. SMR was positively correlated with boldness measured in two contexts, namely the time-lag to resume air-breathing in a potentially dangerous environment (T-res, measured in a respirometer), and the timelag to enter the centre of a novel environment (T-centre, measured in an open field test (OFT)). These two measures of boldness were very highly correlated. Thus, these data support the hypothesis that high SMR and an associated tendency to take risks to acquire resources are linked to increased boldness in animals. Individual SMR was positively correlated with the proportion of time the fish spent moving in the OFT, but was negatively correlated with movement speed. The data confirmed previous observations that these catfish may exhibit a bimodal distribution of T-res phenotypes, whereby individuals either resumed air-breathing relatively rapidly (< 85 min, bold n = 26) or more slowly (> 115 min, shy n = 31) after a startle stimulus. Bold T-res phenotypes had significantly higher SMR than shy; breathed more air during the day, and showed greater boldness but less activity and exploration in the OFT. No parallel bold/shy dichotomy was observed, however, in any measure of boldness in the OFT. Therefore, the data support propositions regarding how SMR and risk-taking should relate to boldness, but provide mixed results about how SMR relates to activity and exploration, and whether bold/shy is a dichotomy or spectrum.

A high standard metabolic rate constrains juvenile growth

Zoology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony C. Steyermark
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Standard Metabolic Rate ◽  
Juvenile Growth
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document