scholarly journals Genomic analyses underpin the feasibility of concomitant genetic improvement of milk yield and mastitis resistance in dairy sheep

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Banos ◽  
Emily L. Clark ◽  
Stephen J. Bush ◽  
Prasun Dutta ◽  
Georgios Bramis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Array ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Genetic Enhancement ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Dairy Sheep ◽  
Custom Made

AbstractMilk yield is the most important dairy sheep trait and constitutes the key genetic improvement goal via selective breeding. Mastitis is one of the most prevalent diseases, significantly impacting on animal welfare, milk yield and quality, while incurring substantial costs. Our objectives were to determine the feasibility of a concomitant genetic improvement programme for enhanced milk production and resistance to mastitis. Individual records for milk yield and four mastitis-related traits were collected monthly throughout lactation for 609 ewes of the Chios breed. All ewes were genotyped with a mastitis specific custom-made 960 single nucleotide polymorphism array. We performed genomic association studies, (co)variance component estimation and pathway enrichment analysis, and characterised gene expression levels and the extent of allelic expression imbalance. Presence of heritable variation for milk yield was confirmed. There was no significant genetic correlation between milk yield and mastitis. Environmental factors appeared to favour both milk production and udder health. Four Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) affecting milk yield were detected on chromosomes 2, 12, 16 and 19, in locations distinct from those previously identified to affect mastitis resistance. Pathways, networks and functional gene clusters for milk yield were identified. Seven genes (DNAJA1, DNAJC10, FGF10, GHR, HMGCS1, LYPLA1, OXCT1) located within the QTL regions were highly expressed in both the mammary gland and milk transcriptome, suggesting involvement in milk synthesis and production. Furthermore, the expression of four genes (DNAJC10, FGF10, OXCT1, EMB) was enriched in immune tissues implying a favourable pleiotropic effect or likely role in milk production during udder infection. In conclusion, the absence of genetic antagonism between milk yield and mastitis resistance suggests that simultaneous genetic improvement of both traits be achievable. The detection of milk yield QTLs with the mastitis array underpins the latter’s utility as a breeding tool for the genetic enhancement of both traits.

Milk production from subtropical non-dairy sheep. 2. Method of measuring

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Aboul-Naga ◽  
A. S. El-Shobokshy ◽  
M. A. Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dairy Sheep

SummaryMilk yield of 240 single-suckled ewes from Rahmani, Ossimi and Barki subtropical non-dairy Egyptian sheep, in addition to 64 twin-suckled Rahmani ewes, was estimated over two lambing seasons using three methods of measuring, i.e. lamb-suckling (plus residual milk), oxytocin technique and hand milking.For single-suckled ewes, the oxytocin technique resulted in higher (P < 0·05) estimates of milk yield during the first 4 weeks of lactation than lamb-suckling. However, over 12 weeks of lactation the two methods showed closely similar estimates. Hand milking produced 31·6% less milk than the other two methods.For twin-suckled ewes, the lamb-suckling method produced significantly (P < 0·05) higher estimates than the oxytocin technique. Estimates obtained by hand milking were 65·2 and 50·8% less than that of the other two methods, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of omitting one or two milkings weekly on lactational performance in dairy ewes

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Hervás ◽  
Jorge L Ramella ◽  
Secundino López ◽  
Jesús S González ◽  
Ángel R Mantecón
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Dairy Sheep ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lactational Performance ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Daily Milk

We investigated the effects of omitting one or two milkings weekly on milk yield and milk composition in dairy sheep. Ninety Spanish Assaf ewes were allocated to three experimental treatments: T0 (no milking omission; 14 milkings/week), T1 (omission of one evening milking per week; 13 milkings/week) and T2 (omission of two evening milkings per week; 12 milkings/week). The experiment was extended for 11 weeks, from week 7 after lambing to week 17 of lactation. Once a week, daily milk production was recorded just before and after the omission. Milk quality and composition was analysed in lactation weeks 9, 13 and 16. Omission of one or two evening milkings each week resulted in an increase in milk production recorded the day immediately after the omission (27% for T1 and 16% for T2), which can be attributed to accumulation of milk in the udder cisterns. This increase did not compensate completely for the loss of yield in the omitted milking. The lack of significant differences among the three milking strategies in milk production (on average 1903, 2062 and 1833 ml/d for T0, T1 and T2, respectively) recorded before omission throughout the trial, would indicate the absence of residual effects of the omission on production in subsequent weeks. Treatment T2 resulted in a loss of milk production of approximately 39% during those days when milkings were omitted, representing a decrease of approximately 10% of the estimated weekly milk production. In relation to milk composition, milking omission led to significant increases in the fat and protein concentrations of the milk collected after the omission, whereas differences were not significant for the milk obtained before the omission. Despite the slight increase observed in treatment T2 after the milking omission, the somatic cell count was always far below that considered as indicative of possible pathologies. In conclusion, at least one evening milking could be omitted each week in high-producing dairy sheep without adversely affecting milk yield and milk composition.

scholarly journals Genetic and genomic analyses underpin the feasibility of concomitant genetic improvement of milk yield and mastitis resistance in dairy sheep

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0214346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Banos ◽  
Emily L. Clark ◽  
Stephen J. Bush ◽  
Prasun Dutta ◽  
Georgios Bramis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Dairy Sheep ◽  
Genomic Analyses

Effect of genetic and non-genetic factors on milk yield and milk constituents in Murrah buffalo

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Verma ◽  
G. K. Sachdeva ◽  
Alok Kumar Yadav ◽  
S. Gautam ◽  
M. M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Murrah Buffalo ◽  
Murrah Buffaloes ◽  
Total Milk

The present study was carried on milk production and milk constituents of 444 lactations of 176 Murrah buffaloes over a period of 10 years from 2001 to 2010 with the objective to find out the effect of various genetic and non-genetic factors on milk yield and milk constituents traits in Murrah buffaloes. Data on total milk yield, milk yield in 305 days or less, lactational average fat per cent and lactational average solid not fat percent (LSA) were collected and compiled purposely and analyzed with suitable statistical tool. Overall least square mean for all lactation traits of total milk yield (TMY), milk yield in 305 days or less (305MY), lactational average fat % (LFA) and lactational average solid not fat % (LSA) were 2253.88 ±70.15 Kg, 2097.11 ±59.12 Kg, 7.97 ±0.02 % and 9.64 ±0.01 % respectively. The period has significant effect on milk yield and milk constituent traits. Sire and parity affects significantly to TMY and 305MY, however, seasons were affecting to TMY only. Hence it is concluded as milk constituents (LFA and LSA) not affected by sire, parity and season. Although, sire and parity has affect on TMY and 305MY whereas season affects only TMY, therefore, due importance should be given to sire and parity during selection and genetic improvement of Murrah buffalo. Analysis among the parities also revealed that there were no significant (P<sup>3</sup>0.05) difference among the second, third and fourth parity hence, at the time of selection second lactation (305MY) milk yield is equally important as fourth lactation in which highest milk yield has been reported in present study.

Milk production from subtropical non-dairy sheep. 1. Ewe performance

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Aboul-Naga ◽  
A. S. El-Shobokshy ◽  
I. F. Marie ◽  
M. A. Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Dairy Sheep ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
High Level

SummaryMilk yield of 270 Rahmani, Ossimi and Barki subtropical Egyptian ewes rearing single lambs during three successive lambings in 2 years was estimated over 12 weeks of the lactation using a lamb-suckling technique. The ewes received either normal or high level of feeding during late pregnancy and lactation.Ossimi and Rahmani ewes showed significantly (P < 0·01) higher total milk production than the Barki. Milk yield declined sharply for the Barki ewes after the 6th week of lactation. Breed variation failed to attain statistical significance in the first 4 weeks of lactation. The highly fed ewes produced significantly (P < 0·01) more milk at different stages of lactation than the normally fed ones. High level of feeding, however, is not recommended for subtropical non-dairy ewes as it is not economic. Spring-lambing ewes produced significantly more milk during the first 8 weeks of lactation, while the summer-lambing ewes were more persistent in their milk yield in the last 4 weeks of lactation.Neither age of ewe nor body weight significantly affected milk yield. Correlation coefficients between milk yield and body weight at lambing are small and range from 0·00 to 0·24.

Influence of age at first lambing on reproductive and productive performance of Lacaune dairy sheep under an intensive management system

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Hernandez ◽  
Laura Elvira ◽  
Juan-Vicente Gonzalez-Martin ◽  
Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes ◽  
Susana Astiz
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Sequence Group ◽  
Dairy Sheep ◽  
Productive Life ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Group A ◽  
Effect Of Age

The present study investigated the effect of age at first lambing (AFL) on the performance of Lacaune sheep under intensive management conditions. Records from 3088 maiden sheep from one farm, for the period 2005–2010, were classified into four experimental groups: group E (early) ewes with AFL ⩽390 d; group M (middle) with AFL of 391–450 d; group L (late) with AFL of 451–510 d; and group A (aged) with AFL ⩾511 d. The higher the number of lactations, the lower were the yield/lactation and yield/Day in Milk. Ewes from group M up to 450 days old lambed 0·2 times more often and had 0·25 more lactations than the ewes from group L; in addition, the former group lambed 0·5 times more often and had 0·49 more lactations than ewes from group A. Group A had the lowest yield per lifetime; the yield followed the sequence: group E (1032 l) >group M (1051 l) >group L (989 l) > group A (859 l) (P<0·0001). Yield/lactation was affected by AFL during the first three lactations (P<0·05). Group E produced significantly less milk in the first lactation than ewes from groups M, L and A. AFL correlated negatively with the number of lactations in life (r= −0·26; P<0·0001) and with total milk yield (r= −209; P<0·0001). The productive performance between the ewes that reached puberty early (n=404) or late (n=2684) in life were different (P<0·0001) with the early sheep having a lower total milk yield (591 v. 1073 l, P<0·0001). In conclusion, the current study indicates that the optimal AFL for the Lacaune breed under an intensive dairy system is between 390 and 450 d. Ewes with AFL earlier than 390 d or later than 450 d are likely to have a shorter productive life and a lower lifetime milk production.

Increasing Energy Ration of Bali Cattle to Improve Digestible Nutrient, Milk Yield and Milk Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Suryani ◽  
I Wayan Suarna ◽  
Ni Putu Sarini ◽  
I Gede Mahardika
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Parent Body ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Increase Energy Intake ◽  
Bali Cattle

To determine the effect of energy levels on digestible nutrient, milk production and milk quality of 7 months pregnant Bali cattle, was the purpose of this study. The study was conducted in Bali, Province of Indonesia on 12 pregnant breeding phase of pre-calving (2 months before the birth) with the parent body weight 329-340 kg/head. The treatment given is four types of Metabolizable Energy (ME) levels: 2000, 2100, 2200 and 2300/kg respectively as treatment A, B, C, and D. All ration contain 10% of crude protein. Variables measured: energy intake, digestible nutrient, milk yield, and milk quality. This research is a randomized block design. The results showed that increase energy ration until 2300 kcal ME/kg would significantly (P<0.05) increase energy intake and highest at cattle consumed ratio D is 22239.55 kcal/day. However, digestible nutrient was not affected. Milk production increased with increasing energy rations and highest (P<0.05) at cattle received treatment D is 2179.83 ml/day compared to treatment A 936.67 ml/day. Milk fat and milk lactose also highest (P<0.05) in treatment D are 8.56% and 4.76% respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that increase energy ration will increase energy intake, milk yield and milk fat and milk lactose of Bali cattle. 

Effect of Herbal Galactogogue (Sanjivani biokseera) on Milk Yield and Milk Constituents in Lactating Kankrej Cattle at Organised Farm

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
H H Panchasara ◽  
A B Chaudhari ◽  
D A Patel ◽  
Y M Gami ◽  
M P Patel
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Distinct Effect ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Group I ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding herbal galactogogue preparation (Sanjivani biokseera) on the milk yield and milk constituents in lactating Kankrej cows. Thirty-two lactating Kankrej cows in their 1st to 6th lactation were taken for the experiment from 3 days after calving up to 52 days postpartum. All the animals were fed as per the standard seasonally available roughages and concentrates to meet their nutritional requirements. The cows were randomly divided into two uniform groups of 16 cows in each according to initial milk yield and milk composition. The animals in group-I were not given any supplement and served as control. The animals in group-II were given Sanjivani biokseera (Naturewell Industries) @ 60 g per day for 1-month, commencing 3 days after calving, in addition to the usual feeds/fodders. A clear difference was observed in milk yield from day 8 onward of experiment between groups with significant (plessthan0 0.05) higher values from day 16-52 in cows fed herbal galactogogue as compared to control, but no such distinct effect on milk constituents was observed on day 52 when analyzed. The use of herbal galactogogue significantly (p lessthan 0.05) increased the overall average of 52 days milk production, which was 9.34 ± 0.21 lit/day in supplemented as compared to 7.75 ± 0.26 lit/day in control animals. It was concluded that herbal galactogogue (Sanjivani biokseera) could increase milk yield in lactating dairy cows through its galactopoetic property and improved rumen environment.

Effect of Bypass Protein on Milk Production and Economic of Lactating Crossbred Cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
RATNESH K CHOUDHARY ◽  
A Saran ROY ◽  
N K SINGH3 ◽  
SANJAY KUMAR ◽  
RAUSHAN K SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Daily Milk

An On-Farm Trial was conducted on 24 lactating crossbred cows for assessment of feeding formaldehyde treated mustard cake (bypass protein) on milk production and economic analysis of lactating cow. Cows were divided into three groups having 8 cows each, treatments were farmers’ practice (FP); (Control): The lactating animals under this group were fedas per the feeding schedule of the farmers (5 kg. dry roughage as rice straw + 6 hrs grazing as local grass and 4 kg. commercial concentrates), T1: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing the same amount of commercial concentrates andT2: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% formaldehyde treated mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing same amount of commercial concentrates. The average daily milk yield of lactating cows under FP, T1 and T2 was 8.58, 8.82 and 9.85 kg per cow, respectively. Differences between FP and T2 were significant. The daily increase in milk yield was 1.27 kg and 1.03 kg in cows fed T2diet over the cows fed FP and T1diet, respectively. The B: C ratios for FP, T1 and T2 groups were 2.6, 3.0 and 3.3, respectively. The feed cost reduced in T2 group by Rs. 8.64 and increased milk production by 1.27 kg in respect to FP group.

An association analysis between PRL genotype and milk production traits in Italian Mediterranean river buffalo

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Aixin Liang ◽  
Zipeng Li ◽  
Chao Du ◽  
Guohua Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
River Buffalo ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Mediterranean River

This Research Communication describes the association between genetic variation within the prolactin (PRL) gene and the milk production traits of Italian Mediterranean river buffalo (Bufala mediterranea Italiana). High resolution melting (HRM) techniques were developed for genotyping 465 buffaloes. The association of genetic polymorphism with milk production traits was performed and subsequently the effects of parity and calving season were evaluated. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified at exons 2 and 5 and at introns 1 and 2. All the SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and statistical analysis showed that the polymorphism of intron1 was significantly (P < 0·05) associated with milk yield, milk protein content and peak milk yield. The average contribution of the intron1 genotype (r2intron1) to total phenotypic variance in milk production traits was 0·09, and the TT genotype showed lower values than CC and CT genotypes. A nonsynonymous SNP was identified in exon 2, which resulted in an amino acid change from arginine to cysteine. Moreover, the polymorphism of exon 2 was associated significantly with milk fat content (P < 0·05), and the buffaloes with TT genotype showed higher total fat content than the buffaloes with CT genotype. These findings provide evidence that polymorphisms of the buffalo PRL gene are associated with milk production traits and PRL can be used as a candidate gene for marker-assisted selection in Italian Mediterranean river buffalo breeding.

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