scholarly journals Distinct subdivisions of human medial parietal cortex are recruited differentially for memory recall of places and people

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward H Silson ◽  
Adam Steel ◽  
Alexis Kidder ◽  
Adrian W Gilmore ◽  
Chris I Baker
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Memory Recall ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Scene Processing ◽  
People First ◽  
Ventral Temporal Cortex

AbstractHuman medial parietal cortex (MPC) is implicated in multiple cognitive processes including memory recall, visual scene processing and navigation. It is also considered a core component of the default mode network. Here, we combine fMRI data across three independent experiments to demonstrate distinct subdivisions of MPC that are selectively recruited during memory recall of either specific places or specific people. First, distinct regions of MPC were identified on the basis of differential functional connectivity with medial and lateral regions of anterior ventral temporal cortex (VTC). Second, these same medial regions exhibited differential responses to the visual presentation of different stimulus categories, with clear preferences for scenes and faces, respectively. Third, and most critically, these regions were selectively recruited during either place or people memory recall. These subdivisions also showed a striking relationship with ventral and dorsal divisions of the default mode network. Taken together, these data reveal distinct subdivisions within MPC for the recall of places and people and moreover, suggest that the organizing principle defining the medial-lateral axis of VTC is reflected in MPC, but in the context of memory recall.

scholarly journals Distinct subdivisions of human medial parietal cortex support recollection of people and places

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward H Silson ◽  
Adam Steel ◽  
Alexis Kidder ◽  
Adrian W Gilmore ◽  
Chris I Baker
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Memory Recall ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Scene Processing ◽  
Ventral Temporal Cortex ◽  
Lateral Axis

Human medial parietal cortex (MPC) is implicated in multiple cognitive processes including memory recall, visual scene processing and navigation, and is a core component of the default mode network. Here, we demonstrate distinct subdivisions of MPC that are selectively recruited during memory recall of either specific people or places. First, distinct regions of MPC exhibited differential functional connectivity with medial and lateral regions of ventral temporal cortex (VTC). Second, these same medial regions showed selective, but negative, responses to the visual presentation of different stimulus categories, with clear preferences for scenes and faces. Finally, and most critically, these regions were differentially recruited during memory recall of either people or places with a strong familiarity advantage. Taken together, these data suggest that the organizing principle defining the medial-lateral axis of VTC is reflected in MPC, but in the context of memory recall.

scholarly journals Multimodal Imaging of Alzheimer Pathophysiology in the Brain's Default Mode Network

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonghan Shin ◽  
Vladimir Kepe ◽  
Gary W. Small ◽  
Michael E. Phelps ◽  
Jorge R. Barrio
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Default Network ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Tau Pathology ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
The Brain

The spatial correlations between the brain's default mode network (DMN) and the brain regions known to develop pathophysiology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have recently attracted much attention. In this paper, we compare results of different functional and structural imaging modalities, including MRI and PET, and highlight different patterns of anomalies observed within the DMN. Multitracer PET imaging in subjects with and without dementia has demonstrated that [C-11]PIB- and [F-18]FDDNP-binding patterns in patients with AD overlap within nodes of the brain's default network including the prefrontal, lateral parietal, lateral temporal, and posterior cingulate cortices, with the exception of the medial temporal cortex (especially, the hippocampus) where significant discrepancy between increased [F-18]FDDNP binding and negligible [C-11]PIB-binding was observed. [F-18]FDDNP binding in the medial temporal cortex—a key constituent of the DMN—coincides with both the presence of amyloid and tau pathology, and also with cortical areas with maximal atrophy as demonstrated by T1-weighted MR imaging of AD patients.

scholarly journals Aberrant default-mode network-hippocampus connectivity after sad memory-recall in remitted-depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1803-1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline A Figueroa ◽  
Roel J T Mocking ◽  
Guido van Wingen ◽  
Suzanne Martens ◽  
Henricus G Ruhé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Memory Recall ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Remitted Depression

scholarly journals Functional parcellation of the default mode network: a large-scale meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoming Wang ◽  
Lindsey J. Tepfer ◽  
Adrienne A. Taren ◽  
David V. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Default Mode

Abstract The default mode network (DMN) consists of several regions that selectively interact to support distinct domains of cognition. Of the various sites that partake in DMN function, the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), temporal parietal junction (TPJ), and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) are frequently identified as key contributors. Yet, it remains unclear whether these subcomponents of the DMN make unique contributions to specific cognitive processes and health conditions. To address this issue, we applied a meta-analytic parcellation approach used in prior work. This approach used the Neurosynth database and classification methods to quantify the association between PCC, TPJ, and MPFC activation and specific topics related to cognition and health (e.g., decision making and smoking). Our analyses replicated prior observations that the PCC, TPJ, and MPFC collectively support multiple cognitive functions such as decision making, memory, and awareness. To gain insight into the functional organization of each region, we parceled each region based on its coactivation pattern with the rest of the brain. This analysis indicated that each region could be further subdivided into functionally distinct subcomponents. Taken together, we further delineate DMN function by demonstrating the relative strengths of association among subcomponents across a range of cognitive processes and health conditions. A continued attentiveness to the specialization within the DMN allows future work to consider the nuances in sub-regional contributions necessary for healthy cognition, as well as create the potential for more targeted treatment protocols in various health conditions.

scholarly journals Organizing principles of pulvino-cortical connectivity in humans

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Arcaro ◽  
Mark A. Pinsk ◽  
Janice Chen ◽  
Sabine Kastner
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Organizing Principles ◽  
Human Specific

ABSTRACTThe pulvinar regulates information transmission to cortex and communication between cortical areas. The way the pulvinar interacts with cortex is governed by its intrinsic organization. Here, we show using fMRI that the human pulvinar is functionally heterogeneous, broadly separated into dorsal and ventral subdivisions based on characterization of response properties and functional connectivity with cortex. These differences mirrored the organization of the dorsal and ventral streams of visual cortex. The ventral subdivision of the pulvinar was functionally coupled with occipital and temporal cortex. The dorsal subdivision of the pulvinar was functionally coupled with frontal and parietal cortex. The dorsal subdivision was also coupled with the human-specific tool network and to the default mode network. The spatial organization of pulvino-cortical coupling reflected both the functional similarities and anatomical distances between cortical areas. Together, the human pulvinar appears to represent the entire visual system and the principles that govern its organization, though in a spatially compressed form.Author ContributionsMA, MP, and JC collected data; MA and JC analyzed the data; MA, MP, JC, and SK wrote the paper.

scholarly journals Relationship of Depression, Anxiety, and Rumination Scores with EEG Connectivity of Resting State Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
A. V. Bocharov ◽  
G. G. Knyazev ◽  
A. N. Savostyanov ◽  
A. E. Saprygin ◽  
E. A. Proshina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Attention Networks ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Seed Method

Abstract The aim of the research was to study the effect of depression, anxiety, and rumination scores on the balance of activity of the default mode network and attention networks revealed in the resting state EEG records. Forty-five healthy volunteers (24 men aged from 18 to 25 years) participated in the resting state EEG recording. The participants filled in the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI II), Ruminative Responses Scale, and Eysenck Personality Profiler. The connectivity measures of resting state networks were calculated in EEG data. The networks were detected by the “seed” method. The effects of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and rumination on the connectivity of the networks were analyzed by the regression method. The depressive symptom scores and the rumination scores were correlated with the dominance of the default mode network over attention networks in the right temporal cortex. The depression scores and the anxiety scores were correlated with the dominance of attention networks over the default mode network in the anterior cingulate cortex. It could be suggested that rumination processes are specific for depressive symptoms and are reflected in the dominance of the default mode network in brain structures associated with the processing of emotional introspection. Common to depressive and anxious symptoms is a state of alertness, which is reflected in the dominance of attention networks in brain structures associated with decision-making.

scholarly journals Shared Patterns of Brain Functional Connectivity for the Comorbidity between Migraine and Insomnia

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1420
Author(s):  
Kun-Hsien Chou ◽  
Chen-Yuan Kuo ◽  
Chih-Sung Liang ◽  
Pei-Lin Lee ◽  
Chia-Kuang Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Functional Disturbance ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Postcentral Gyrus ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity ◽  
Group Comparisons

Migraine is commonly comorbid with insomnia; both disorders are linked to functional disturbance of the default mode network (DMN). Evidence suggests that DMN could be segregated into multiple subnetworks with specific roles that underline different cognitive processes. However, the relative contributions of DMN subnetworks in the comorbidity of migraine and insomnia remain largely unknown. This study sought to identify altered functional connectivity (FC) profiles of DMN subnetworks in the comorbidity of migraine and insomnia. Direct group comparisons with healthy controls, followed by conjunction analyses, were used to identify shared FC alterations of DMN subnetworks. The shared FC changes of the DMN subnetworks in the migraine and insomnia groups were identified in the dorsomedial prefrontal and posteromedial cortex subnetworks. These shared FC changes were primarily associated with motor and somatosensory systems, and consistently found in patients with comorbid migraine and insomnia. Additionally, the magnitude of FC between the posteromedial cortex and postcentral gyrus correlated with insomnia duration in patients with comorbid migraine and insomnia. Our findings point to specific FC alterations of the DMN subnetwork in migraine and insomnia. The shared patterns of FC disturbance may be associated with the underlying mechanisms of the comorbidity of the two disorders.

scholarly journals Functional Parcellation of the Default Mode Network: A Large-Scale Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoming Wang ◽  
Lindsey J. Tepfer ◽  
Adrienne A. Taren ◽  
David V. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Default Mode

AbstractThe default mode network (DMN) consists of several regions that selectively interact to support distinct domains of cognition. Of the various sites that partake in DMN function, the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), temporal parietal junction (TPJ), and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) are frequently identified as key contributors. Yet, it remains unclear whether these subcomponents of the DMN make unique contributions to specific cognitive processes and health conditions. To address this issue, we applied a meta-analytic parcellation approach used in prior work. This approach used the Neurosynth database and classification methods to quantify the association between PCC, TPJ, and MPFC activation and specific topics related to cognition and health (e.g., decision making and smoking). Our analyses replicated prior observations that the PCC, TPJ, and MPFC collectively support multiple cognitive functions such as decision making, memory, and awareness. To gain insight into the functional organization of each region, we parceled each region based on its coactivation pattern with the rest of the brain. This analysis indicated that each region could be further subdivided into functionally distinct subcomponents. Taken together, we further delineate DMN function by demonstrating the relative strengths of association among subcomponents across a range of cognitive processes and health conditions. A continued attentiveness to the specialization within the DMN allows future work to consider the nuances in sub-regional contributions necessary for healthy cognition, as well as create the potential for more targeted treatment protocols in various health conditions.

scholarly journals Distinct default mode network subsystems show similarities and differences in the effect of task focus across reading and autobiographical memory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meichao Zhang ◽  
Xiuyi Wang ◽  
Dominika Varga ◽  
Katya Krieger-Redwood ◽  
Daniel S. Margulies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
External Information ◽  
Functional Coupling ◽  
Memory Recall ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Semantic Cognition ◽  
Task Focus

AbstractSemantic cognition can be both perceptually-coupled, for example, during reading, and decoupled, such as in daydreams. Mind-wandering, characterised by autobiographical memory retrieval, often interferes with externally-focussed tasks. This study investigated the neural basis of these states, when they occur in isolation and in competition, using fMRI. Participants were asked to read sentences, presented word-by-word, or to recall personal memories, as a proxy for mind-wandering. Task conflict was created by presenting sentences during memory recall, or memory cues before sentences. We found that different subsystems of the default mode network (DMN) do not fully dissociate across internally- and externally-oriented states, and they do not fully separate in terms of the effects of task focus; this depends on the task. The lateral temporal DMN subsystem, associated with semantic cognition, was activated across both tasks, and by sentence inputs even when they were task-irrelevant. In the core DMN subsystem, greater task focus corresponded to a selective pattern of activation during memory recall and deactivation during reading. Both DMN subsystems formed different patterns of functional coupling depending on the task. In this way, DMN supports both access to meaning from perceptual inputs and focussed internal cognitive states in the face of distracting external information.

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