scholarly journals The quagga mussel genome and the evolution of freshwater tolerance: Supplementary Material

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D Calcino ◽  
Andre Luiz de Oliveira ◽  
Oleg Simakov ◽  
Thomas Schwaha ◽  
Elisabeth Zieger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Channel ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Quagga Mussel ◽  
Invasive Species Control ◽  
High Gene Expression ◽  
Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger ◽  
High Gene ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Freshwater Adaptation ◽  
Freshwater Environments

European freshwater dreissenid mussels evolved from marine ancestors during the Miocene approximately 30 million years ago and today include some of the most successful and destructive invasive invertebrate species of temperate freshwater environments. Here we sequenced the genome of the quagga mussel Dreissena rostriformis to identify evolutionary adaptations involved in embryonic osmoregulation. We found high gene expression levels of a novel subfamily of lophotrochozoan-specific aquaporin water channel, a vacuolar ATPase and a sodium/hydrogen exchanger during early cleavage, a period defined by the formation of intercellular fluid-filled 'cleavage cavities'. Independent expansions of the lophotrochoaquaporin clade that coincide with at least five independent colonisation events of freshwater environments confirm their central role in freshwater adaptation. The pattern of repeated aquaporin expansion and the evolution of membrane-bound fluid-filled osmoregulatory structures in diverse taxa points to a fundamental principle guiding the evolution of freshwater tolerance that may provide a framework for future efforts towards invasive species control.

scholarly journals The quagga mussel genome and the evolution of freshwater tolerance

DNA Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 411-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D Calcino ◽  
André Luiz de Oliveira ◽  
Oleg Simakov ◽  
Thomas Schwaha ◽  
Elisabeth Zieger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Channel ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Quagga Mussel ◽  
Early Cleavage ◽  
Atpase Subunit ◽  
Sodium Hydrogen ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Freshwater Adaptation

Abstract Freshwater dreissenid mussels evolved from marine ancestors during the Miocene ∼30 million years ago and today include some of the most successful and destructive invasive species of freshwater environments. Here, we sequenced the genome of the quagga mussel Dreissena rostriformis to identify adaptations involved in embryonic osmoregulation. We provide evidence that a lophotrochozoan-specific aquaporin water channel, a vacuolar ATPase subunit and a sodium/hydrogen exchanger are involved in osmoregulation throughout early cleavage, during which time large intercellular fluid-filled ‘cleavage cavities’ repeatedly form, coalesce and collapse, expelling excess water to the exterior. Independent expansions of aquaporins coinciding with at least five freshwater colonization events confirm their role in freshwater adaptation. Repeated aquaporin expansions and the evolution of membrane-bound fluid-filled osmoregulatory structures in diverse freshwater taxa point to a fundamental principle guiding the evolution of freshwater tolerance and provide a framework for future species control efforts.

scholarly journals Retained Heterodisomy Is Associated with High Gene Expression in Hyperhaploid Inflammatory Leiomyosarcoma

Neoplasia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 807-IN5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolin H. Nord ◽  
Kajsa Paulsson ◽  
Srinivas Veerla ◽  
Johan Wejde ◽  
Otte Brosjö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
High Gene Expression ◽  
High Gene

scholarly journals Muscle overexpression of Klf15 via an AAV8-Spc5-12 construct does not provide benefits in spinal muscular atrophy mice

Gene Therapy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 505-515
Author(s):  
Nina Ahlskog ◽  
Daniel Hayler ◽  
Anja Krueger ◽  
Sabrina Kubinski ◽  
Peter Claus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Survival Motor Neuron ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Patient Response ◽  
High Gene Expression ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
High Gene

AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease caused by loss of the survival motor neuron (SMN) gene. While there are currently two approved gene-based therapies for SMA, availability, high cost, and differences in patient response indicate that alternative treatment options are needed. Optimal therapeutic strategies will likely be a combination of SMN-dependent and -independent treatments aimed at alleviating symptoms in the central nervous system and peripheral muscles. Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) is a transcription factor that regulates key metabolic and ergogenic pathways in muscle. We have recently reported significant downregulation of Klf15 in muscle of presymptomatic SMA mice. Importantly, perinatal upregulation of Klf15 via transgenic and pharmacological methods resulted in improved disease phenotypes in SMA mice, including weight and survival. In the current study, we designed an adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) vector to overexpress a codon-optimized Klf15 cDNA under the muscle-specific Spc5-12 promoter (AAV8-Klf15). Administration of AAV8-Klf15 to severe Taiwanese Smn−/−;SMN2 or intermediate Smn2B/− SMA mice significantly increased Klf15 expression in muscle. We also observed significant activity of the AAV8-Klf15 vector in liver and heart. AAV8-mediated Klf15 overexpression moderately improved survival in the Smn2B/− model but not in the Taiwanese mice. An inability to specifically induce Klf15 expression at physiological levels in a time- and tissue-dependent manner may have contributed to this limited efficacy. Thus, our work demonstrates that an AAV8-Spc5-12 vector induces high gene expression as early as P2 in several tissues including muscle, heart, and liver, but highlights the challenges of achieving meaningful vector-mediated transgene expression of Klf15.

scholarly journals Candidate genes that have facilitated freshwater adaptation by palaemonid prawns in the genusMacrobrachium: identification and expression validation in a model species (M. koombooloomba)

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Lifat Rahi ◽  
Shorash Amin ◽  
Peter B. Mather ◽  
David A. Hurwood
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Cell Volume Regulation ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Eukaryotic Genes ◽  
Freshwater Adaptation ◽  
Australian Freshwater

BackgroundThe endemic Australian freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium koombooloomba, provides a model for exploring genes involved with freshwater adaptation because it is one of the relatively fewMacrobrachiumspecies that can complete its entire life cycle in freshwater.MethodsThe present study was conducted to identify potential candidate genes that are likely to contribute to effective freshwater adaptation byM. koombooloombausing a transcriptomics approach.De novoassembly of 75 bp paired end 227,564,643 high quality Illumina raw reads from 6 different cDNA libraries revealed 125,917 contigs of variable lengths (200–18,050 bp) with an N50 value of 1597.ResultsIn total, 31,272 (24.83%) of the assembled contigs received significant blast hits, of which 27,686 and 22,560 contigs were mapped and functionally annotated, respectively. CEGMA (Core Eukaryotic Genes Mapping Approach) based transcriptome quality assessment revealed 96.37% completeness. We identified 43 different potential genes that are likely to be involved with freshwater adaptation inM. koombooloomba. Identified candidate genes included: 25 genes for osmoregulation, five for cell volume regulation, seven for stress tolerance, three for body fluid (haemolymph) maintenance, eight for epithelial permeability and water channel regulation, nine for egg size control and three for larval development. RSEM (RNA-Seq Expectation Maximization) based abundance estimation revealed that 6,253, 5,753 and 3,795 transcripts were expressed (at TPM value ≥10) in post larvae, juveniles and adults, respectively. Differential gene expression (DGE) analysis showed that 15 genes were expressed differentially in different individuals but these genes apparently were not involved with freshwater adaptation but rather were involved in growth, development and reproductive maturation.DiscussionThe genomic resources developed here will be useful for better understanding the molecular basis of freshwater adaptation inMacrobrachiumprawns and other crustaceans more broadly.

scholarly journals High gene expression of semaphorin 5A in pancreatic cancer is associated with tumor growth, invasion and metastasis

2010 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 1373-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anguraj Sadanandam ◽  
Michelle L. Varney ◽  
Seema Singh ◽  
Abdelkader E. Ashour ◽  
Nicolas Moniaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Invasion And Metastasis ◽  
High Gene Expression ◽  
High Gene ◽  
Semaphorin 5A
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