scholarly journals Signaling incentive and drive in the primate ventral pallidum for motivational control of goal-directed action

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Fujimoto ◽  
Yukiko Hori ◽  
Yuji Nagai ◽  
Erika Kikuchi ◽  
Kei Oyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Neuronal Population ◽  
Ventral Pallidum ◽  
Neuronal Coding ◽  
Incentive Value ◽  
Control Goal ◽  
Directed Action ◽  
Error Repetition ◽  
Goal Directed Behavior ◽  
Motivational Control

AbstractProcessing incentive and drive is essential for control of goal-directed behavior. The limbic part of the basal ganglia has been emphasized in these processes, yet the exact neuronal mechanism has remained elusive. In this study, we examined the neuronal activity of the ventral pallidum (VP) and its upstream area, the rostromedial caudate (rmCD), while two male macaque monkeys performed an instrumental lever-release task, in which a visual cue indicated the forthcoming reward size. We found that the activity of some neurons in VP and rmCD reflected the expected reward-size transiently following the cue. Reward-size coding appeared earlier and stronger in VP than in rmCD. We also found that the activity in these areas was modulated by the satiation level of monkeys, which also occurred more frequently in VP than in rmCD. The information regarding reward-size and satiation-level was independently signaled in the neuronal populations of these areas. The data thus highlighted the neuronal coding of key variables for goal-directed behavior in VP. Furthermore, pharmacological inactivation of VP induced more severe deficit of goal-directed behavior than inactivation of rmCD, which was indicated by abnormal error repetition and diminished satiation effect on the performance. These results suggest that VP encodes incentive value and internal drive, and plays a pivotal role in the control of motivation to promote goal-directed behavior.Significance StatementThe limbic part of the basal ganglia has been emphasized in the motivational control of goal-directed action. Here, we investigated how the ventral pallidum (VP) and the rostromedial caudate (rmCD) encode incentive value and internal drive, and control goal-directed behavior. Neuronal recording and subsequent pharmacological inactivation revealed that VP had stronger coding of reward size and satiation level than rmCD. Reward size and satiation level were independently encoded in the neuronal population of these areas. Furthermore, VP inactivation impaired goal-directed behavior more severely than rmCD inactivation. These results highlighted the central role of VP in the motivational control of goal-directed action.

scholarly journals Signaling Incentive and Drive in the Primate Ventral Pallidum for Motivational Control of Goal-Directed Action

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1793-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Fujimoto ◽  
Yukiko Hori ◽  
Yuji Nagai ◽  
Erika Kikuchi ◽  
Kei Oyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventral Pallidum ◽  
Directed Action ◽  
Motivational Control

scholarly journals Ventral Pallidum Neurons Encode Incentive Value and Promote Cue-Elicited Instrumental Actions

Neuron ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1165-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn M. Richard ◽  
Frederic Ambroggi ◽  
Patricia H. Janak ◽  
Howard L. Fields
Keyword(s):  
Ventral Pallidum ◽  
Incentive Value

scholarly journals Habitual versus Goal-directed Action Control in Parkinson Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1218-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne de Wit ◽  
Roger A. Barker ◽  
Anthony D. Dickinson ◽  
Roshan Cools
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Habit Formation ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Dopamine Depletion ◽  
Conflict Task ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Directed Action ◽  
Goal Directed Behavior ◽  
Direct Investigation

This study presents the first direct investigation of the hypothesis that dopamine depletion of the dorsal striatum in mild Parkinson disease leads to impaired stimulus–response habit formation, thereby rendering behavior slow and effortful. However, using an instrumental conflict task, we show that patients are able to rely on direct stimulus–response associations when a goal-directed strategy causes response conflict, suggesting that habit formation is not impaired. If anything our results suggest a disease severity–dependent deficit in goal-directed behavior. These results are discussed in the context of Parkinson disease and the neurobiology of habitual and goal-directed behavior.

scholarly journals Excitatory Deep Brain Stimulation Quenches Parkinsonian Signs in the Basal Ganglia and Thalamus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mojtaba Alavi ◽  
Amin Mirzaei ◽  
Alireza Valizadeh ◽  
Reza Ebrahimpour
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Neuronal Population ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Synaptic Coupling ◽  
Deep Brain

Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with abnormal β band oscillations (13-30 Hz) in the cortico-basal ganglia circuits. Abnormally increased striato-pallidal inhibition and strengthening the synaptic coupling between subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus externa (GPe), due to the loss of dopamine, are considered as the potential sources of β oscillations in the basal ganglia. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the basal ganglia subregions is known as a way to reduce the pathological β oscillations and motor deficits related to PD. Despite the success of the DBS, its underlying mechanism is poorly understood and, there is controversy about the inhibitory or excitatory role of the DBS in the literature. Here, we utilized a computational network model of basal ganglia which consists of STN, GPe, globus pallidus interna (GPi), and thalamic neuronal population. This model can reproduce healthy and pathological β oscillations similar to what has been observed in experimental studies. Using this model, we investigated the effect of DBS to understand whether its effect is excitatory or inhibitory. Our results show that the excitatory DBS (EDBS) is able to quench the pathological synchrony and β oscillations, while, applying inhibitory DBS (IDBS) failed to quench the PD signs. In light of simulation results, we conclude that the effect of the DBS on its target is excitatory.

scholarly journals Striatonigrostriatal Spirals in Addiction

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Sivils ◽  
John Q. Wang ◽  
Xiang-Ping Chu
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Reward System ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
The Us ◽  
Goal Directed Behavior ◽  
Economic Choices

A biological reward system is integral to all animal life and humans are no exception. For millennia individuals have investigated this system and its influences on human behavior. In the modern day, with the US facing an ongoing epidemic of substance use without an effective treatment, these investigations are of paramount importance. It is well known that basal ganglia contribute to rewards and are involved in learning, approach behavior, economic choices, and positive emotions. This review aims to elucidate the physiological role of striatonigrostriatal (SNS) spirals, as part of basal ganglia circuits, in this reward system and their pathophysiological role in perpetuating addiction. Additionally, the main functions of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and glutamate and their receptors in SNS circuits will be summarized. With this information, the claim that SNS spirals are crucial intermediaries in the shift from goal-directed behavior to habitual behavior will be supported, making this circuit a viable target for potential therapeutic intervention in those with substance use disorders.

Dissociable contributions of the left and right posterior medial orbitofrontal cortex in motivational control of goal-directed behavior

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Szatkowska ◽  
Olga Szymańska ◽  
Artur Marchewka ◽  
Paweł Soluch ◽  
Krystyna Rymarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Goal Directed Behavior ◽  
Motivational Control
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