scholarly journals Assessment of genetic structure of the endangered forest species Boswellia serrata Roxb. population in central india

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Vaishnav ◽  
Shashank Mahesh ◽  
Pramod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Central India ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Boswellia Serrata ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties

ABSTRACTBoswellia serrata Roxb., a commercially important species for its pulp and pharmaceutical properties was sampled from three locations representing its natural distribution in central India for genetic characterization through 56 RAPD + 42 ISSR loci. The wood fiber dimensions measured for morphometric characterization confirmed 11.36% of the variation in the length and 8.75% of the variation in the width indicating its fitness for local adaptation. Bayesian and non-Bayesian approach based diversity measures resulted moderate within population gene diversity (0.26±0.17), Shannon’s information index (0.40±0.22) and panmictic heterozygosity (0.28±0.01). A high estimate for genetic differentiation measures i.e. GST (0.31), GST-B (0.33±0.02) and θ-II (0.45) led to the distinct clusters of the sampled genotypes representing their regional variability due to limited gene flow and total absence of natural regeneration. We report the first investigation of the species for its molecular characterization emphasizing the urgent need for the genetic improvement program for the In-situ/Ex-situ conservation and sustainable commercialization.

scholarly journals Genetic Structure in 21 Remnant Phoebe Sheareri Populations in Southern China: Implications for Genetic Resource Conservation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Yunfeng Lu ◽  
Wenting Xu ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
An’na Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Index Value

Abstract Background: Phoebe sheareri (Lauraceae) is a valuable and endemic tree species in China, with limited large natural communities remnant. Genetic diversity and differentiation analysis are essential to manage their conservation and utilization. To provide a conservation and utilization strategy of P. sheareri based on sound genetic diversity and differentiation data.Results: We found medium level of genetic diversity and low inbreeding. Nei's gene diversity and Shannon’s information index value showed medium genetic diversity in nature populations of P. sheareri, which was higher than other two Phoebe species. AMOVA showed the genetic differentiation among populations was significantly, and 21.2% of genetic variation was among populations. Bayesian clustering, obtained with STRUCTURE, grouped the populations into four genetic clusters, whereas UPGMA analysis distinguished three main groups approximately in line with the geographic area of occurrence.Conclusion: Based on the study results, the establishment of gene conservation units must be considered in nature conserves in order to protect the genetic diversity of the species, and the proposal of sampling strategies for ex situ conservation and reforestation.

scholarly journals Genetic Dissection of New Genotypes of Drumstick Tree (Moringa oleiferaLam.) Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Marker

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsuddeen Rufai ◽  
M. M. Hanafi ◽  
M. Y. Rafii ◽  
S. Ahmad ◽  
I. W. Arolu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Diversity Study

The knowledge of genetic diversity of tree crop is very important for breeding and improvement program for the purpose of improving the yield and quality of its produce. Genetic diversity study and analysis of genetic relationship among 20Moringa oleiferawere carried out with the aid of twelve primers from, random amplified polymorphic DNA marker. The seeds of twentyM. oleiferagenotypes from various origins were collected and germinated and raised in nursery before transplanting to the field at University Agricultural Park (TPU). Genetic diversity parameter, such as Shannon's information index and expected heterozygosity, revealed the presence of high genetic divergence with value of 1.80 and 0.13 for Malaysian population and 0.30 and 0.19 for the international population, respectively. Mean of Nei's gene diversity index for the two populations was estimated to be 0.20. In addition, a dendrogram constructed, using UPGMA cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distance, grouped the twentyM. oleiferainto five distinct clusters. The study revealed a great extent of variation which is essential for successful breeding and improvement program. From this study,M. oleiferagenotypes of wide genetic origin, such as T-01, T-06, M-01, and M-02, are recommended to be used as parent in future breeding program.

scholarly journals Comparison between QST and ΦST indices in an endangered Boswellia serrata Roxb: Implications for conservation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank Mahesh ◽  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
Vivek Vaishnav ◽  
Naseer Mohammad ◽  
Shamim Akhtar Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Drift ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Central India ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Natural Distribution ◽  
Boswellia Serrata ◽  
Endangered Status ◽  
Differentiation Indices

AbstractBoswellia serrata, an economically important indigenous tree of dry deciduous forests, provides oleoresin gum of pharmaceutical significance and excellent pulp for paper industries, but faces threat to extinction due to poor natural regeneration and commercial exploitation. 240 individuals of the species representing 12 locations of its natural distribution in central India were investigated to compare the genetic differentiation indices, QST for GBH and wood fiber length and ϕST for neutral (RAPD+ISSR) markers. The comparison for paired locations was more informative than for metapopulation. The most paired locations were either under the stabilizing selection (QST (L) < ΦST (L)) or in the genetic drift (QST(L) = ΦST (L)) whereas a relatively small number of paired locations was under the divergent selection (QS T(L) > ΦST (L)). The comparison for the metapopulation generating only a single trend of QST (P) > ΦST (P) is, therefore, misleading. For conservation, the genetically deficit locations (QST (L) < ΦST (L) and QST (L) = ΦST (L)) of B. serrata warrant for reinforcement of their genetic diversity by introduction of genotypes from other genetically divergent locations (QST (L) > ΦST (L)), which would check the fragmentation and genetic drift, resulting in reproductive vigour, natural regeneration and reverse the endangered status of the species.

Genetic Divergence among Populations of Invasive Alien Species Lantana camara L. from Selected Areas of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
SAILA KABIR ◽  
MD ABUL KASHEM ◽  
MOHAMMAD ZABED HOSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Genetic Clustering

Lantana camara L., a well-known invasive alien species causing invasion and posing threat to native plant species community in different regions of Bangladesh. The present study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of L. camara populations in different regions of Bangladesh. Eight RAPD markers were used in order to probe into its genetic variability. Total number of bands (202), polymorphic loci (104), per-centage of polymorphism (97.20%), average Shanon’s information index (0.3051±0.115), Nei’s gene diversity (0.4733±0.144) was found and in different populations and multiple divergent genetic clustering along with presence of unique alleles (4) for RAPD revealed high genetic diversity among the populations of L. camara in different regions of Bangladesh.

ISSR Marker Based Genetic Diversity in Morinda Spp. For Its Enhanced Collection, Conservation and Utilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Arya ◽  
Ramya Kossery Narayanan ◽  
Anjali Kak ◽  
Chitra Devi Pandey ◽  
Manjusha Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract Morinda (Rubiaceae) is considerably recognized for its multiple uses viz. food, medicine, dyes, firewood, tools, oil, bio-sorbent etc. The molecular characterization of such an important plant would be very useful for its multifarious enhanced utilization. In the present study, 31 Morinda genotypes belonging to two different species Morinda citrifolia and Morinda tomentosa collected from different regions of India were investigated using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Fifteen ISSR primers generated 176 bands with an average of 11.7 bands per primer, of which (90.34%) were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands, mean Nei’s gene diversity, mean Shannon’s information index in Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia was [(69.89%, 30.68%); (0.21 ± 0.19, 0.12 ± 0.20); (0.32 ± 0.27 0.17 ± 0.28)] respectively, revealing higher polymorphism and genetic diversity in Morinda tomentosa compared to Morinda citrifolia. Structure, and UPGMA cluster analysis placed the genotypes into well-defined separate clusters belonging to two species Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia revealing the utility of ISSR markers in species differentiation. Distinct ecotypes within a particular species could also be inferred emphasizing the collection and conservation of Morinda genotypes from different regions, in order to capture the overall diversity of respective species. Further higher diversity of M. tomentosa must be advanced for its utilization in nutraceutical, nutritional and other nonfood purposes.

scholarly journals Population structure and genetic diversity analysis in Sali (Oryza sativa) rice germplasm of Assam using microsatellite markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-286
Author(s):  
Sandhani Saikia ◽  
Pratap Jyoti Handique ◽  
Mahendra K Modi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Improvement Programs

Genetic diversity is the source of novel allelic combinations that can be efficiently utilized in any crop improvement program. To facilitate future crop improvement programs in rice, a study was designed to identify the underlying genetic variations in the Sali rice germplasms of Assam using SSR markers. The 129 SSR markers that were used in the study amplified a total of 765 fragments with an average of 5.93 alleles per locus. The Shannon's Information Index was found to be in the range from 0.533 to 1.786. The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) fell into the range from 0.304 to 0.691 with a mean value of 0.55. The overall FST value was found to be 0.519 that indicated the presence of genetic differentiation amongst the genotypes used in the study. The Sali population was divided into two clusters. The information obtained from the present study will facilitate the genetic improvement of Sali rice cultivars.

scholarly journals Assessment of relationships among and within Helichrysum Mill. (Asteraceae) species by using ISSR markers and morphological traits

Hacquetia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjes Azizi ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Valiollah Mozaffarian ◽  
Mitra Arman ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity

Abstract This study conducted to determine relationship among and within Iranian Helichrysum species (Asteraceae). In this study based on ISSR markers, the highest percentage of ISSR loci polymorphism (54.7%) occurred in H. armenium. The highest gene diversity over loci (1.224), Shannon’s Information Index (0.224%) and Expected Heterozygosity (0.142%) occurred in H. armenium (0.18) and the lowest of these parameters (0%) were observed in H. araxinum, H. graveolens, H. persicum and H. psychrophilum. The highest genetic similarity occurred between H. armenium and H. rubicundum (0.989), while the lowest was between H. polyphyllum and H. graveolens (0.213). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), showed significant genetic variation among (24%) and within (76%) species. In morphological analysis traits such as indumentum, resting bud, achene length, achenial papillae, dimension of receptacle and form and apex of phyllaries were main diagnostic features. Results obtained from the morphological cluster were greatly consistent with the molecular data, to elucidating taxonomic relationships, as well as both attributed the higher diversity in H. armenium and H. rubicundum in comparison with other species and also indicated that H. persicum is a member of H. oocephalum species. Totally we confirmed the presence of 18 species in Iran.

scholarly journals Development of Microsatellite Markers Derived from Expressed Sequence Tags of Polyporales for Genetic Diversity Analysis of EndangeredPolyporus umbellatus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuejin Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
Ruihong Wang ◽  
Ailin Zeng ◽  
Michael K. Deyholos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Polyporus Umbellatus ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Expressed Sequence

A large scale of EST sequences of Polyporales was screened in this investigation in order to identify EST-SSR markers for various applications. The distribution of EST sequences and SSRs in five families of Polyporales was analyzed, respectively. Mononucleotide was the most abundant type, followed by trinucleotide. Among five families, Ganodermataceae occupied the most SSR markers, followed by Coriolaceae. Functional prediction of SSR marker-containing EST sequences inGanoderma lucidumobtained three main groups, namely, cellular component, biological process, and molecular function. Thirty EST-SSR primers were designed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 13 naturalPolyporus umbellatusaccessions. Twenty one EST-SSRs were polymorphic with average PIC value of 0.33 and transferability rate of 71%. These 13P.umbellatusaccessions showed relatively high genetic diversity. The expected heterozygosity, Nei’s gene diversity, and Shannon information index were 0.41, 0.39, and 0.57, respectively. Both UPGMA dendrogram and principal coordinate analysis (PCA) showed the same cluster result that divided the 13 accessions into three or four groups.

Estimation of Genetic Diversity Among Teressa Goat Population of A and N Islands by using Microsatellite Markers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai Sunder ◽  
S. Jeyakumar ◽  
S. P. Yadav ◽  
A. K. De ◽  
A. Kundu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Mode Shift ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Goat Population ◽  
Indigenous Goat ◽  
Nicobar Islands ◽  
Sparse Population

Background: Teressa goat is an indigenous goat breed of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. These goats are mainly distributed in the Nicobar group of islands, however, sparse population is also available in the Andaman Islands. In order to understand the genetic diversity and variation among the population of Teressa goat, the studies on the molecular characterization was done by using microsatellite molecular markers. Methods: Randomly a total of 48 blood samples were collected different areas of the Nicobar Islands representing the breeding tract of the Teressa goat. Based on the guidelines of ISAG and FAO, a total of 15 recommended microsatellite markers were selected for the microsatellite analysis study. The data were analysed to study the diversity analysis at each locus by using GENETIX software package. Bottleneck hypothesis was also studied by using BOTTLENECK 1.2.01 and FIS, FIT and FIT values were calculated and heterozygosity deficiency at each locus using FSTAT software. Result: A total of 50 genotypes were observed across the 15 loci. The number of genotype varied between (MAF70; SRCRSP3) 1 and 6 (SRCRSP15). The effective number of alleles (Ne) varied from 2 to 6.98 in Teressa goat. Shannon’s Information Index (I) value was found to be high (1.1856±0.4369), it indicated that the level of diversity among the population of the Teressa goat is high. All the values of FIS obtained were negative which is suggestive of no inbreeding within the populations and the animals were outbred. The mode-shift test indicated the genetic bottleneck in Teressa and needs greater attention towards in situ/ex situ conservation. The present study provides the valuable information about the genetic makeup of the Teressa goat, however, detail study is required to carry out to study the important traits linked with production for further utilization of this breed.

Population Diversity of Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki) (Termitidae, Macrotermitinae) from Different Geographic Locations in Anhui Province, China

Sociobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Qiu Yang ◽  
Long Jun Pu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Zhong Wang ◽  
Zheng Ping Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Anhui Province ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Odontotermes Formosanus ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Genetic differentiation, genetic exchange, and influence of natural geographic barrier on the genetic structure of 20 geo-populations of Odontotermes formosanus sampled from different regions in Anhui province, China were detected using ISSR. Seventy-nine polymorphic loci were detected with nine ISSR primers, and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 87.78%. The average number of alleles per locus was 1.8778 ± 0.3294, and the effective number of alleles was 1.4741 ± 0.3438. The Nei′s gene diversity and Shannon information index were 0.2832 ± 0.1696 and 0.4307 ± 0.2274, respectively. All the populations were divided into two groups through UPGMA clustering analysis based on Nei’s genetic distance. One group comprised geo-populations A, C, and J, and the other group consisted of the remaining clusters. Mantel test results revealed no significant correlation between genetic similarity and geographical distance, as well as between elevation. High levels of genetic diversity, genetic mutation, and genetic differentiation were also detected among the geo-populations of O. formosanus. This study revealed the gene flow and possible migration paths of O. formosanus, which are necessary for continuous monitoring and prevention of this species.

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