scholarly journals Indication of spatially random infection of chlamydia-like organisms in Bufo bufo tadpoles from ponds located in the Geneva metropolitan area

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia Vajana ◽  
Ivo Widmer ◽  
Estelle Rochat ◽  
Solange Duruz ◽  
Oliver Selmoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Autocorrelation Analysis ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
The Family ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
First Time

AbstractOccurrence of bacteria belonging to the order Chlamydiales was investigated for the first time in common toad (Bufo bufo) tadpole populations collected from 41 ponds in the Geneva metropolitan area, Switzerland. A Chlamydiales-specific Real-Time PCR was used to detect and amplify the Chlamydiales 16S rRNA-encoding gene from the tails of 375 tadpoles. We found the studied amphibian populations to be infected by “Chlamydia-like organisms” (CLOs) attributable to the genera Similichlamydia, Neochlamydia, Protochlamydia and Parachlamydia (belonging to the family Parachlamydiaceae), Simkania (family Simkaniaceae) and Estrella (family Criblamydiaceae); additionally, DNA from the genus Thermoanaerobacter (family Thermoanaerobacteriaceae) was detected. A global autocorrelation analysis did not reveal a spatial structure in the observed CLOs infection rates, and association tests involving land cover characteristics did not evidence any clear effect on CLOs infection rates in B. bufo. Despite preliminary, these results suggest a random and ubiquitous distribution of CLOs in the environment, which would support the biogeographical expectation “everything is everywhere” for the concerned microorganisms and their amoeba vectors.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Phylogeny of Anaplasmaphagocytophilum and Related Variants in Small Ruminants from Turkey

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
Münir Aktaş ◽  
Sezayi Özübek ◽  
Mehmet Can Uluçeşme
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
First Time ◽  
Japan And China ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes tick-borne fever in small ruminants. Recently, novel Anaplasma variants related to A. phagocytophilum have been reported in ruminants from Tunisia, Italy, South Korea, Japan, and China. Based on 16S rRNA and groEL genes and sequencing, we screened the frequency of A. phagocytophilum and related variants in 433 apparently healthy small ruminants in Turkey. Anaplasma spp. overall infection rates were 27.9% (121/433 analyzed samples). The frequency of A. phagocytophilum and A. phagocytophilum-like 1 infections was 1.4% and 26.5%, respectively. No A. phagocytophilum-like 2 was detected in the tested animals. The prevalence of Anaplasma spp. was comparable in species, and no significant difference was detected between sheep and goats, whereas the prevalence significantly increased with tick infestation. Sequencing confirmed PCR-RFLP data and showed the presence of A. phagocytophilum and A. phagocytophilum-like-1 variant in the sampled animals. Phylogeny-based on 16S rRNA gene revealed the A. phagocytophilum-like 1 in a separate clade together with the previous isolates detected in small ruminants and ticks. In this work, A. phagocytophilum-like 1 has been detected for the first time in sheep and goats from Turkey. This finding revealed that the variant should be considered in the diagnosis of caprine and ovine anaplasmosis.

The Spatial Structure of Newark, New Jersey

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-290
Author(s):  
C-G Janson
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The City ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Thirty-seven variables describing demographic, socioeconomic, ethnic, racial, mobility, housing, structural, and locational aspects, were factor analyzed for Newark City and for Newark metropolitan area, in 1960. Roughly corresponding orthogonal dimensions were found. They were interpreted as segregation (racial-ethnic dimension), social rank, familism, mobility, and wives' employment, respectively, with a weak additional maleness dimension emerging in the metropolitan area. The strength of the dimensions shifted from city to metropolitan area. Segregation was the most important one in the city, with social rank and familism next. The metropolitan area had social rank first and familism next. Urban-suburban mean differences were strong but could not account for the dimensional differences in strength. Suburban differentiation appeared somewhat better caught by the dimensions than its city counterpart. Three dimensions may be seen as belonging to the familism type, but they did not refer to different stages of the family cycle in the first place, as in some Scandinavian studies. All dimensions showed some zonal variation in the metropolitan area. Social rank (and maleness) also varied sectorially, and segregation had a clustered spatial pattern.

scholarly journals Molecular Evidence for Association of Chlamydiales Bacteria with Epitheliocystis in Leafy Seadragon (Phycodurus eques), Silver Perch (Bidyanus bidyanus), and Barramundi (Lates calcarifer)

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Meijer ◽  
Paul J. M. Roholl ◽  
Jacobus M. Ossewaarde ◽  
Brian Jones ◽  
Barbara F. Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Specific Sequences

ABSTRACT Epitheliocystis in leafy seadragon (Phycodurus eques), silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus), and barramundi (Lates calcarifer), previously associated with chlamydial bacterial infection using ultrastructural analysis, was further investigated by using molecular and immunocytochemical methods. Morphologically, all three species showed epitheliocystis cysts in the gills, and barramundi also showed lymphocystis cysts in the skin. From gill cysts of all three species and from skin cysts of barramundi 16S rRNA gene fragments were amplified by PCR and sequenced, which clustered by phylogenetic analysis together with other chlamydia-like organisms in the order Chlamydiales in a lineage separate from the family Chlamydiaceae. By using in situ RNA hybridization, 16S rRNA Chlamydiales-specific sequences were detected in gill cysts of silver perch and in gill and skin cysts of barramundi. By applying immunocytochemistry, chlamydial antigens (lipopolysaccharide and/or membrane protein) were detected in gill cysts of leafy seadragon and in gill and skin cysts of barramundi, but not in gill cysts of silver perch. In conclusion, this is the first time epitheliocystis agents of leafy seadragon, silver perch and barramundi have been undoubtedly identified as belonging to bacteria of the order Chlamydiales by molecular methods. In addition, the results suggested that lymphocystis cysts, known to be caused by iridovirus infection, could be coinfected with the epitheliocystis agent.

Prevalence ofBartonellainfection in cats and dogs in a metropolitan area, Thailand

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (11) ◽  
pp. 1568-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. INOUE ◽  
S. MARUYAMA ◽  
H. KABEYA ◽  
K. KAWANAMI ◽  
K. YANAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
First Time

SUMMARYThe prevalence ofBartonellainfection was studied in 312 cats and 350 dogs in the Bangkok metropolitan areas, Thailand, between June 2001 and February 2003.Bartonellawas isolated from 47 (16·3%) of 288 stray cats, but from none of the 24 pet cats studied. Of the 47Bartonella-positive cats, 45 animals were infected with onlyB. henselae, one was infected with onlyB. clarridgeiae, and one with bothB. henselaeandB. clarridgeiae. 16S rRNA typing showed that 40 cats were infected withB. henselaetype I, four withB. henselaetype II, and one with bothB. henselaetypes I and II. These results indicated thatB. henselae, especially type I, was prevalent in stray cats that constituted a largeBartonellareservoir in Bangkok.B. clarridgeiaewas isolated for the first time in Asia from one of 350 dogs.

scholarly journals High Prevalence ofblaNDM-1Carbapenemase-Encoding Gene and 16S rRNAarmAMethyltransferase Gene among Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates in Egypt

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 3602-3605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed-Ahmed ◽  
Magdy Ali Amin ◽  
Wael Mustafa Tawakol ◽  
Lotfi Loucif ◽  
Sofiane Bakour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Distinct Sequence ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase

ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study was to decipher the molecular mechanism of resistance to carbapenems and aminoglycosides in a large series of 150Acinetobacter baumanniiclinical isolates collected from July 2012 to September 2013 in Egypt. We report for the first time the emergence ofblaNDM-1and the cooccurrence of 16S rRNA methylasearmAwithblaNDM-1andblaOXA-23in Egyptian hospitals. Multilocus sequence typing identified 27 distinct sequence types, 11 of which were novel.

scholarly journals The helminth parasites of the two bufonid toads, European Common Toad, Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) and European Green toad, Bufo (Pseudepidalea) viridis Laurenti, 1768 (Anura: Bufonidae), collected from Denizli Province, Inner-West Anatolia Region, Turkey

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Düşen
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Bufo Viridis ◽  
Green Toad ◽  
First Time ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo ◽  
Cosmocerca Ornata

AbstractIn this research, two bufonid toad species (Bufo bufo and Bufo (Pseudepidalea) viridis) were collected in Denizli province (Inner-west Anatolia Region — the eastern part of Aegean Region) Turkey between 2006 and 2009 and examined first time for helminths. Of 6 Bufo bufo, 5 (97.87 %) were infected with one or more helminths, of 47 Bufo viridis 46 (87.91 %) were infected with one or more helminths. The helminth fauna of Bufo bufo included 5 species of which were 4 species of nematodes (Rhabdias bufonis, Oswadocruzia filiformis, Cosmocerca ornata, and Oxysomatium brevicaudatum), and 1 species of acanthocephalan (Acanthocephalus ranae). The helminth fauna of Bufo (Pseudepidalea) viridis comprised 7 species with 1 species of monogenean (Polystoma viridis), 1 species of cestoda (Nematotaenia dispar), and 5 species of nematodes (R. bufonis, O. filiformis, C. ornata, C. commutata, and O. brevicaudatum). R. bufonis, O. filiformis, C. ornata, and O. brevicaudatum were observed in both bufonid toads.

Buried Narratives: Exhuming the Mother's Story in Oliver Twist

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-266
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Maternal Inheritance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Poor Law ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Law ◽  
First Time ◽  
Critical Consideration

Initially, Oliver Twist (1839) might seem representative of the archetypal male social plot, following an orphan and finding him a place by discovering the father and settling the boy within his inheritance. But Agnes Fleming haunts this narrative, undoing its neat, linear transmission. This reconsideration of maternal inheritance and plot in the novel occurs against the backdrop of legal and social change. I extend the critical consideration of the novel's relationship to the New Poor Law by thinking about its reflection on the bastardy clauses. And here, of course, is where the mother enters. Under the bastardy clauses, the responsibility for economic maintenance of bastard children was, for the first time, legally assigned to the mother, relieving the father of any and all obligation. Oliver Twist manages to critique the bastardy clauses for their release of the father, while simultaneously embracing the placement of the mother at the head of the family line. Both Oliver and the novel thus suggest that it is the mother's story that matters, her name through which we find our own. And by containing both plots – that of the father and the mother – Oliver Twist reveals the violence implicit in traditional modes of inheritance in the novel and under the law.

Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a pectinolytic bacterium isolated from human faeces.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
CC Kim ◽  
WJ Kelly ◽  
ML Patchett ◽  
GW Tannock ◽  
Z Jordens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Middle Lamella ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Citrus Peel ◽  
Human Faeces ◽  
The Family

© 2017 IUMS. A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon. The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7% sequence similarity). Strain 14T shared ~99% sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci approximately 0.6μm in diameter. Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose. TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella. Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae. The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is 14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T).

Faktor-Faktor Determinan yang melatar belakangi Kehamilan Remaja di Desa Pandansari Kecamatan Poncokusumo Kabupaten Malang

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
Maria Magdalena Setyaningsih ◽  
Emy Sutiyarsih
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Teen Pregnancy ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Kehamilan remaja adalah kehamilan yang terjadi pada remaja berusia kurang dari 20 tahunan. Kehamilan remaja memberikan banyak kerugian bagi kesehatan, mental dan psikologis, kesejahteraan ekonomi dan peluang karier, kemiskinan dan prospek kehidupan masa depan remaja. Tujuan penelitian mengidentifikasi faktor determinan yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya kehamilan remaja. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian analitik kategorik jenis survei kuantitatif dengan desain case control. Populasi semua perempuan yang bertempat tinggal di wilayah dusun Wonosari, Sukosari, dan Krajan Pandansari dan pernah/sedang hamil pertama kali pada usia kurang dari 20 tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel cluster random sampling besar sampel 73. Berdasarkan hasil model akhir analisis multivariat, diketahui bahwa variabel pendidikan, riwayat kehamilan remaja pada keluarga dan usia menikah merupakan variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kehamilan remaja setelah dikontrol oleh variabel akses informasi, responden berpendidikan rendah memiliki peluang 20,8 kali lebih tinggi, responden yang memiliki riwayat kehamilan remaja pada keluarga memiliki peluang 14,9 kali lebih tinggi, responden yang menikah pada usia <20 tahun memiliki peluang 12,1 kali lebih tinggi, responden dengan pemahaman yang kurang baik terkait penggunaan kondom memiliki peluang 5,9 kali lebih tinggi untuk terjadi kehamilan remaja. Oleh karena itu perlu dibangun karakter buiding, sosial karakter suport untuk para ibu remaja dan keluarga sehingga terbangun interaksi yang baik dalam keluarga yang dilandasi dengan pendidikan dan pemahaman yang baik tentang Pendidikan seksualitas. Teen pregnancy is a pregnancy that occurs in adolescents aged less than 20 years old. Teen pregnancy provides many disadvantages for health, mental, psychological, economic well-being, career opportunities, poverty, and the future life. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants underlying teen pregnancy incidence. This study was a quantitative study with categorical analytic method. The study design used a case control with two comparison groups. The groups were control group and case group. The population in this study was all women who lived in the Wonosari, Sukosari, and Krajan Pandansari district and had or were pregnant for the first time at the age of less than 20 years old. Seventy three respondents were recruited using cluster sampling technique. The case group consists of women who were or had pregnant for the first time at the age of less than 20 years old and their children are currently aged ≤ 1 years old. The control group consists of women who were pregnant for the first time at the age of > 20 years old. The data was collected using a questionnaire. The findings showed that education, history of teen pregnancy in family and the age of marriage were related to the incidence of teen pregnancy after being controlled by information access. Low-educated respondents had 20.8 times higher chance of experiencing teen pregnancy; respondents with a history of teen pregnancy in the family had 4.9 times higher chance of experiencing teen pregnancy; respondents who were married at the age of < 20 years old had 12.1 times higher chance of experiencing teen pregnancy; respondents with poor understanding of condom use had 5.9 times higher chance of teenage pregnancy. In conclusion, the findings suggest to build good interactions in the family based on education and a good understanding of sex education.

New records of some rare species in the family Hyaloscyphaceae (Ascomycota, Helotiales) from Central Russia

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
E. S. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

Three rare species of discomycetes in the family Hyaloscyphaceae are reported from Central Russia (Oryol and Bryansk Regions). Proliferodiscus tricolor is recorded for the first time in Russia. Comments are made on Aeruginoscyphus sericeus and Eriopezia caesia previously reported only from Moscow Region and North Caucasus respectively.

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