scholarly journals A probable genetic origin for pit defects on the molars of Paranthropus robustus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Towle ◽  
Joel D. Irish
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Amelogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Genetic Origin ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Anterior Teeth

AbstractWe report the frequencies of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) and, specifically, pitting enamel hypoplasia (PEH) defects in the teeth of Paranthropus robustus, for comparison with four other South African hominin species and three extant nonhuman primate species. Unlike LEH, the lesser known PEH is characterized by multiple circular depression defects across a tooth crown and is often difficult to interpret in terms of developmental timing and etiology. Teeth in all samples were examined macroscopically with type, position and number of defects recorded. Frequencies of teeth with LEH vary among hominin species, but the differences in PEH are considerable. That is, P. robustus has much higher rates of pitting defects, with 47% of deciduous teeth and 14% of permanent teeth affected, relative to 6.7% and 4.3%, respectively, for all other hominin teeth combined; none of the extant primate samples evidence comparable rates. The defects on P. robustus molars are unlike those in other species, with entire crowns often covered in small circular depressions. The PEH is most consistent with modern human examples of amelogenesis imperfecta. Additionally, the defects are: 1) not found on anterior teeth, 2) uniform in shape and size, and 3) similar in appearance/severity on all molars. A possible reason for this form of PEH is as a side effect of selection on another phenotype that shares the same coding gene(s), i.e., a genetic origin. Recent research on the ENAM gene provides one such possibility. Paranthropus likely underwent rapid evolution in the ENAM loci, with changes in this gene contributing to larger posterior teeth and thicker enamel. This same gene is associated with amelogenesis imperfecta; therefore, pleiotropy effects, relating to high selection on this gene during Paranthropus evolution, could have yielded this unique condition.

scholarly journals An Interdisciplinary Approach for Rehabilitating a Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Niloufar Khodaeian ◽  
Mahmoud Sabouhi ◽  
Ebrahim Ataei
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Amelogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Enamel Defects ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) has been defined as a group of hereditary enamel defects. It can be characterized by enamel hypoplasia, hypomaturation, or hypocalcification of the teeth. AI may be associated with some other dental and skeletal developmental defects. Restoration for patients with this condition should be oriented toward the functional and esthetic rehabilitation. This clinical report describes the oral rehabilitation of a young patient diagnosed with the hypoplastic type of AI in posterior teeth and hypomatured type of AI in anterior teeth.

Tetracycline syrups and children’s teeth

1984 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Short Course

It has been known for over 25 years that treatment with oral tetracyclines can permanently stain children’s teeth1 yet these drugs are still needlessly being prescribed for children. In 1982 over 75,000 prescriptions for a liquid tetracycline preparation were dispensed, most of which were probably for children; up to one third of paediatric patients have been affected,2–6 although the proportion has fallen over the last 10 years.7 Even a short course of tetracycline can stain both the permanent3,8 and deciduous teeth9 a disfiguring greyish-brown or yellow colour. Children are at risk from the 14th week in utero, when calcification of deciduous teeth begins, to their 7th year when calcification of the permanent teeth is complete. Whether tetracyclines produce enamel hypoplasia10 or promote caries11 is disputed.12

scholarly journals Noninvasive and Multidisciplinary Approach to the Functional and Esthetic Rehabilitation of Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Pediatric Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Feltrin de Souza ◽  
Camila Maria Bullio Fragelli ◽  
Marco Aurélio Benini Paschoal ◽  
Edson Alves Campos ◽  
Leonardo Fernandes Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Amelogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Case Report. An 8-year-old girl with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) reported unsatisfactory aesthetics, difficulty in mastication, and dental hypersensitivity. The intraoral examination observed mixed dentition, malocclusion in anteroposterior relationships, anterior open bite, and dental asymmetry. A hypoplastic form of AI was diagnosed in the permanent dentition. A multidisciplinary planning was performed and divided into preventive, orthopedic, and rehabilitation stages. Initially, preventive treatment was implemented, with fluoride varnish applications, in order to protect the fragile enamel and reduce the dental sensitivity. In the second stage, the patient received an interceptive orthopedic treatment to improve cross-relationship of the arches during six months. Finally, the rehabilitation treatment was executed to establish the vertical dimension. In the posterior teeth, indirect composite resin crowns were performed with minimally invasive dental preparation. Direct composite resin restorations were used to improve the appearance of anterior teeth.Follow-Up. The follow-up was carried out after 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. After 18 months of follow-up, The restoration of integrity, oral hygiene, and patient satisfaction were observed .Conclusion. Successful reduction of the dental hypersensitivity and improvement of the aesthetic and functional aspects as well as quality of life were observed.

scholarly journals Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloisa Aparecida Orsini Vieira ◽  
Aldevina Campos de Freitas ◽  
Regina Maura Fernandes ◽  
Daniele Lucca Longo ◽  
Raquel Assed Bezerra da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Type I ◽  
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is a hereditary developmental disorder of dentin formation that can occur associated with osteogenesis imperfecta (type I), isolated (type II), or in a specific isolated resident group of Brandywine, in southern Maryland (type III). This work aims at reporting a clinical case of DI type II in childhood with a 34-year follow up. The child at issue was taken to the dental health service at a very young age, which favored an appropriate treatment, avoiding complications, and portending a favorable long-term prognosis, besides safeguarding the patient physical and mental well-being. The clinical aspects of this condition are teeth with short crowns and gray-brown coloration, and an altered consistency of affected dental elements. Radiographically, the teeth present bulbous crowns, cervical constriction, thin roots, and early obliteration of the root canal and pulp chambers due to excessive dentin production. Rehabilitation treatment included the use of stainless-steel crowns for reconstructing deciduous molars and composite resin restorations on the anterior deciduous teeth. As for permanent dentition, it consisted of aesthetic-functional rehabilitation using metal crowns on the first molars and ceramic crowns and facets on the anterior teeth. Endodontic, prosthetic and restorative treatment was performed on other posterior teeth. Preventive measures were instituted. DI may cause serious changes in dentin structure, affecting function and aesthetics in both dentitions. The sooner it is administered, the more promising the multidisciplinary dental treatment will be in promoting health and minimizing damage to affected individuals.

scholarly journals Multiloop edgewise archwire treatment for a patient with a severe anterior open bite and amelogenesis imperfecta

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed I. Masoud ◽  
T. Peter Tsay
Keyword(s):  
Open Bite ◽  
Amelogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Mandibular Plane Angle

ABSTRACT Amelogenesis imperfecta is a rare hereditary disorder that affects dental enamel and is often associated with an anterior open bite. Orthodontic treatment of a 16-year-old female patient with hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta and a 9-mm anterior open bite was presented. Radiographic examination revealed a steep mandibular plane angle, an increased lower face height, a Class II skeletal pattern, and a convex profile. Additionally, the patient had stainless steel crowns on all upper and lower posterior teeth and composite veneers on the upper anterior teeth. The patient was treated nonsurgically using a multiloop edgewise archwire (MEAW). MEAW mechanics allowed for successful correction of the anterior open bite, with significant reduction in the mandibular plane angle and improvement in the patient's profile. No fixed retainers were used, results remained stable 78 months after removal of orthodontic appliances. MEAW mechanics should be considered for patients with large anterior open bites, although this technique requires excellent patient compliance.

Management of Anterior Maxillary Odontomes Secondary to Impacted Maxillary Central Incisor

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-183
Author(s):  
A Agarwal ◽  
P Gupta ◽  
M Goel ◽  
N Jindal ◽  
J Batra
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
The Common

ABSTRACT Odontomes arise as a result of an aberration in the tissues responsible for the formation of teeth. Though regarded as tumors or hamartomas in the past they are now usually regarded as variations in development of malformations. A 15 yr old female patient with complaint of swelling and mobility of upper anterior teeth diagnosed as complex Odontomes of anterior maxilla managed with enucleation. Odontomes are diagnosed in the second decade of life and are commonly associated with delayed eruption and displacement of related permanent teeth which is sometimes accompanied by retention of deciduous teeth and swelling. The treatment of the Odontomes is surgical removal and there is no expectancy of recurrence. Since both the ameloblastic odontoma and the ameloblastic fibro-odontoma bear great resemblance to the common Odontomes, particularly on the radiographs it is suggested that all Odontomes be sent for histopathological examination.

scholarly journals The Restoration of Function and Esthetics of a Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta Using a Combination of Orthodontic and Prosthodontic Treatment: A Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Seema Gupta ◽  
Sandeep Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Amelogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Functional Rehabilitation ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Abstract Aim The purpose of this case report is to present the esthetic and functional rehabilitation of the teeth in a 20-year-old patient with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), facial asymmetry due to functional mandibular shift, and unilateral posterior crossbite. Background AI is a group of hereditary defects of enamel unassociated with any other generalized defects. AI results in poor development or the complete absence of the enamel of the teeth caused by improper differentiation of ameloblasts. Case Description This report describes the diagnosis and treatment of a young female patient with AI and facial asymmetry using a combined orthodontic-prosthodontic approach. Initially, the posterior crossbite, mandibular shift, and facial asymmetry were treated orthodontically. Later, metal-ceramic crowns for posterior teeth and allceramic crowns for anterior teeth were fabricated for final restorations. Summary Coordinated orthodontic and prosthodontic treatment, with careful consideration of patient expectations and requests, were critical for a successful outcome and patient satisfaction. Clinical Significance The complexity of the management of patients with AI supports the suggestion that the dental profession should have appropriate methods for the rehabilitation of rare dental disorders. Citation Kumar S, Gupta S. The Restoration of Function and Esthetics of a Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta Using a Combination of Orthodontic and Prosthodontic Treatment: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Nov; 10(6):079-085. Available from: http://www. thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume10-issue6-kumar.

scholarly journals Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Navroop Kaur Bajwa ◽  
Mahesh Madhukar Jingarwar ◽  
Anuradha Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Normal Child ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Enamel Defect ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

ABSTRACT Developmental defects of tooth enamel are not uncommon, both in the primary and permanent dentition. An example of idiopathic enamel defect is molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). The condition is defined as a hypomineralization of systemic origin of one to four permanent first molars frequently associated with affected incisors. The prevalence of MIH is reported to vary between 2.4 and 40.2% in normal child populations. Management consists of early diagnosis, prevention of caries or posteruptive breakdown and interception if caries or breakdown has already ensued. Management challenges include difficulty in obtaining adequate anesthesia, increased incidence of caries, early pulpal involvement and gross destruction of clinical crown of affected teeth. In young permanent teeth, semipermanent crowns like stainless steel crowns for posterior teeth and direct composite veneering for anterior teeth are the recommended solutions. How to cite this article Bajwa NK, Jingarwar MM, Pathak A. Molar Incisor Hypomineralization. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(1):37-40.

scholarly journals Retrospective evaluation of primary anterior teeth injuries and prevalence of sequelae in their successors

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Ozant Oncag ◽  
◽  
Candan Gurbuz Sarigol ◽  
Sevgi Arabulan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽  
Dental Injuries

Aim: Traumatic dental injuries occur frequently in children. Treatment and follow ups are important to avoid short and long term complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sequelae in the permanent anterior teeth following the trauma in their predecessors in the period of 2005 to 2011. Methods: This study was performed retrospectively according the data from the records of 79 children (53 boys, 26 girls), who were treated for anterior deciduous tooth trauma. Of the 79 affected children (186 teeth), 35 (91 teeth, 22 boys and13 girls) were available for the follow-up examination. Kappa coefficient was calculated for inter-examiner reliability. Descriptive statistics including percentage and mean values were also calculated. Results: Sequelae were detected on 45(49.5%) of 91 successors of the traumatized deciduous teeth and enamel hypoplasia and/or discoloration was observed in 14 (31.1%) teeth. Eruption was disturbed in 14 (31.1%). In 13 teeth (28.9%) crown and root malformation, in three teeth (6.7%) only crown and in one tooth (2.2%) only root malformation was detected. Most frequent sequela of successors were observed after the intrusive luxation of the deciduous teeth (33%). Crown-root malformations of the successor teeth were most frequently occurred after the trauma at the age of 0 to 2 (61.53%). Conclusions: Early diagnosis and treatment of primary dental injuries and routine clinical and radiological follow up would minimize the sequelae which were observed in permanent successors..

scholarly journals Case Report: Rare Presentation of Dentin Abnormalities in Loeys-Dietz Syndrome Type I

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyam Jani ◽  
Olivier Duverger ◽  
Rashmi Mishra ◽  
Pamela A. Frischmeyer-Guerrerio ◽  
Janice S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Type I ◽  
Syndrome Type ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Loeys-Dietz syndrome type 1 (LDS1) is caused by a mutation in the transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1) gene. We previously characterized the oral and dental anomalies in a cohort of individuals diagnosed with LDS and showed that LDS1 had a high frequency of oral manifestations, and most affected individuals had enamel defects. However, dentin anomalies were not apparent in most patients in the cohort. In this cohort, we had identified dentin anomalies in a patient with LDS1, harboring mutation TGFBR1 c.1459C>T (p.Arg487Trp), and in this report, we present clinical and radiographic findings to confirm the dentin anomaly. The proband had gray-brown discoloration of most teeth typical for dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI). A radiographic exam revealed obliterated or very narrow pulp canals, with maxillary anterior teeth being affected more than the posterior teeth. The son of the proband, who also has the same mutation variant, had a history of DI affecting the primary teeth; however, his permanent teeth were normal in appearance at the time of exam. TGFBR1 is expressed by odontoblasts throughout tooth development and deletion of TGFBR1 in mouse models is known to affect dentin development. In this report, we present a rare case of abnormal dentin in two individuals with LDS1. These dental anomalies may be the first obvious manifestation of a life-threatening systemic disease and demonstrate the variable and multi-organ phenotypic effects in rare diseases.

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