scholarly journals Insights into the molecular basis of wooden breast based on comparative analysis of fast- and slow-growth broilers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawna Marie Hubert ◽  
Travis J. Williams ◽  
Giridhar Athrey
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Complex Condition ◽  
Infectious Origin ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Pathway Analyses ◽  
Wooden Breast

AbstractWooden breast has emerged as an important condition in the poultry industry and affects the breast muscle of commercial meat-type chickens (broilers). Thus far, the condition has been classified as a myopathy, confirmed to not have an infectious origin, with molecular data showing the muscle to be under oxidative stress. The objective in this study was to query the functional origins of wooden breast and reveal its molecular similarities to known conditions based on pathway analyses. To carry out an in-depth comparative analysis, we generated RNAseq data from wooden breast affected birds and incorporated breast specific transcriptomic data from previously published studies. The comparative datasets were constructed from a range of commercial fast-growth and slow-growth varieties. Analysis of high-impact variants identified from transcriptome data provided a list of genes important in cell signaling, cell proliferation, cytoskeletal development, and calcium metabolism as being affected by nucleotide changes. Overlaying the lists of significantly differentially expressed genes with the list of high-impact variants produced a list of twenty genes that suggest an association of mechanistic and functional causes for woody breast; supporting a polygenic basis for this condition. Our study demonstrates that wooden breast shows an age-dependent gene expression pattern, with pathway analysis showing enrichment of glycolysis, cell differentiation, tumor suppression and inhibition, further indicating a complex condition with few similarities to myopathies. In summary, our results indicate the existence of a mechanistic, heritable basis for wooden breast, the drivers of which deserve more in-depth investigation. Additionally, they also suggest wooden breast to be a more complex condition than previously reported, potentially involving other organ systems.

Lupus myocarditis: a single center experience and a comparative analysis of observational cohort studies

Lupus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1296-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Tanwani ◽  
K Tselios ◽  
D D Gladman ◽  
J Su ◽  
M B Urowitz
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Lupus Myocarditis

Background Lupus myocarditis (LM) is reported in 3–9% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but limited evidence exists regarding optimal treatment and prognosis. This study aims to describe LM in a defined lupus cohort as compared with the existing literature. Patients and methods Patients with LM were identified from the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic database. Diagnosis was based on clinical manifestations and electrocardiographic, imaging, and biochemical criteria. Demographic, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic variables and outcomes were collected in a standardized data retrieval form. A literature review was performed to identify cohort studies reporting on LM treatment and outcome. A comparative analysis was conducted between our patients and the combined cohort of the existing studies. Results Thirty patients were diagnosed with LM (prevalence 1.6%) and compared with a cumulative cohort of 117 patients from five distinct studies. No significant differences were found regarding the age at diagnosis (32.6 ± 13.4 years) and SLE duration (2.5 years median). Concomitant lupus activity from other organ systems was observed in 97% of the patients. Chest pain was more frequently reported in our cohort whereas dyspnea was more prominent in the other studies. Diagnostic criteria were similar across studies. Therapeutic approach was comparable and consisted of glucocorticosteroids (96.6%) and immunosuppressives (70%). Mortality was approximately 20% whereas another 20% of the patients achieved partial and 60% complete recovery. Conclusions LM usually occurs early in the disease course and in the context of generalized lupus activity. Despite aggressive therapy, approximately 40% of the patients died or had residual heart damage.

scholarly journals Evolution of mantis shrimp telson armour and its role in ritualized fighting

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (157) ◽  
pp. 20190203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. A. Taylor ◽  
Nina I. Scott ◽  
Greg W. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Mantis Shrimp ◽  
Impact Forces ◽  
Drop Tests ◽  
Impact Parameters ◽  
Ritualized Combat ◽  
Stiff Spring ◽  
The Impact

Mantis shrimp possess both formidable weapons and impact-resistant armour that clash during ritualized combat. The telson is one of few biological structures known to withstand the repeated high impact forces of smashing mantis shrimp strikes, and it is hypothesized that this pairing of armour and weapon is associated with the evolution of telson sparring. We carried out a comparative analysis of telson impact mechanics across 15 mantis shrimp species to assess if the telsons of sparring species (i) are consistently specialized for impact-resistance, (ii) are more impact-resistant than those of non-sparring species, and (iii) have impact parameters that correlate with body size, and thereby useful for assessment. Our data from ball drop tests show that the telsons of all species function like a stiff spring that dissipates most of the impact energy, but none of the measured impact parameters are correlated with the occurrence of sparring behaviour. Impact parameters were correlated with body mass for only some species, suggesting that it is not broadly useful for size assessment during ritualized fighting. Contrary to expectation, sparring mantis shrimp do not appear to have coevolved telson armour that is more robust to impact than non-sparring species. Rather, telson structure is inherently impact-resistant.

Relationships of walnut cultivars in a germplasm collection: Comparative analysis of phenotypic and molecular data

2013 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia Francesca Pop ◽  
Adina Cristina Vicol ◽  
Mihai Botu ◽  
Paul Andrei Raica ◽  
Kourosh Vahdati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Molecular Data

scholarly journals Main Factors for Understanding High Impacts on CSR Dimensions in the Finance Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belen Lopez ◽  
Alfonso Torres ◽  
Alberto Ruozzi ◽  
Jose Antonio Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Finance Industry ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to explore empirically the dimensions that generate high impact in the finance industry to better understand its contribution from a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) perspective. We analyze data concerning impacts of finance sector firms certified by B Corp in order to identify the combinations that are necessary and/or sufficient to obtain a recognition of their high impact generation. The methodology followed to identify the impact dimensions is fsQCA, (fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis), a qualitative comparative analysis method applied to a sample of finance firms (n-181). The results indicate that financial sector firms exhibited four combinations focusing on different impact dimensions. Specifically, the first route indicates that a high degree of focus on customers and communities is sufficient to obtain a high impact score. The second path signals that the combination of the impacts on customers and corporate governance could lead to the same result, while in the third pathway the focus would be on the employees. Finally, the fourth route indicates that some financial firms focus strongly on their communities, corporate governance and their employees, but very weakly on the environmental dimension. Consequently, diverse combinations of CSR dimensions characterize financial sector contributions to impact generation and sustainable development.

Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans, Giant Cell Fibroblastoma, and Hybrid Lesions in Children: Clinicopathologic Comparative Analysis of 28 Cases With Molecular Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Josée Terrier-Lacombe ◽  
Louis Guillou ◽  
Georges Maire ◽  
Philippe Terrier ◽  
Dominique Ranchère Vince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans ◽  
Molecular Data

scholarly journals Deconstructing the Notion of ePortfolio as a ‘High Impact Practice’: A Self-Study and Comparative Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin A Mueller ◽  
Haboun Bair
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Transformative Learning ◽  
Nous Avons ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Undergraduate Teaching ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Analyse Comparative ◽  
High Impact Practice

ePortfolio has become a popular pedagogical tool on the higher educational landscape, often referred to as a “high impact practice” that has the potential to generate transformative learning experiences. After reflecting on our educational development consultations and undergraduate teaching practices with ePortfolio, we identified areas of resonance with, and misalignment between, research literature and our experiences with implementation. We have conducted a self-study to capture the narratives of our experiences, and engaged in a comparative analysis of these narratives alongside ePortfolio best practice literature. We provide a comprehensive literature review, an overview of our narratives, and a discussion about the inconsistencies arising from our comparison. We conclude by offering some recommendations for application and suggestions for further inquiry. L’ePortfolio est devenu un outil pédagogique populaire sur la scène de l’enseignement supérieur, on en parle souvent comme d’une « pratique à fort impact » qui a le potentiel de générer des expériences d’apprentissage transformateur. Après avoir examiné nos consultations en matière de développement éducationnel et de pratiques d’enseignement au niveau du premier cycle avec emploi d’un ePortfolio, nous avons identifié des zones de résonnance ainsi que des dissonances par rapport à la recherche publiée et à nos expériences de mise en oeuvre. Nous avons mené une auto-évaluation afin de saisir les descriptions de nos expériences ainsi qu’une analyse comparative de ces descriptions côte à côte avec la documentation publiée sur les meilleures pratiques en matière d’ePortfolio. Nous présentons un examen complet de la documentation publiée, une vue d’ensemble de nos descriptions et une discussion sur les contradictions qui découlent de notre comparaison. En conclusion, nous offrons quelques recommandations concernant la mise en application ainsi que des suggestions pour un complément d’examen.

scholarly journals A new piece in the puzzle for the riverine slugs of the Acochlidiidae (Gastropoda: Panpulmonata: Acochlidimorpha) helps tracing steps of their freshwater invasion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Brenzinger ◽  
Matthias Glaubrecht ◽  
Katharina M. Jörger ◽  
Michael Schrödl ◽  
Timea P. Neusser
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Copulatory Organ ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Ecological Selection ◽  
Freshwater Invasion ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
The Tropics

AbstractGastropods (slugs and snails) are prominent and species-rich faunal elements in marine and terrestrial habitats of the tropics. While several clades of snails inhabit freshwater systems, slugs are extremely rare in freshwater: only the centimeter-sized Acochlidiidae, with currently three genera, contain more than one species and live in the lower reaches of island streams in an area comprising Eastern Indonesia, Fiji, and Palau. Where known, the species of this unique group are specialized predators of other amphidromous snails’ egg capsules (Neritidae) and their reproductive biology and adaptations to life in freshwater are complex. Acochlidiidae are thus of special interest for evolutionary biology and ecology. We here describe a new genus of unusually bluish-green acochlidiid to date known only from a single locality on the island of Ambon, Indonesia. Previous molecular data found this charismatic species to link slender Strubellia slugs with broad and flattened Acochlidium and Palliohedyle. We establish Wallacellia siputbiru n. gen. n. sp., the “blue slug” in Bahasa Indonesia, by using scanning electron microscopy of cuticular elements, light microscopy of serial semithin histological sections of the soft body, and 3D reconstruction of all organ systems based on these sections. Special structures of this seemingly rare endemic species include the enlarged kidney and the huge copulatory organ. Our data now clarify that, in the invasion of freshwater habitats in Acochlidiidae, sexual selection (the anterior three-part copulatory organ) preceded ecological selection (posterior flattened habitus with branched or multiplied internal organs).

scholarly journals Crowdsourced Software Testing: A Timely Opportunity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Donepudi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Software Testing ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Varied Range

The concept of crowdsourcing has gained a lot of attention lately. Many companies are making use of this concept for value creation, as well as the performance of varied tasks. Despite its wide application, little is known about crowdsourcing, especially when it comes to crowdsourced software testing. This paper explores the crowdsourced software testing concept from a wider perspective ranging from a cost-benefit analysis, crowdsourcing intermediaries, and the level of expertise in the crowd. Drawing from a varied range of sources, a systematic literature review is done, where the research narrows down to ten most relevant peer-reviewed sources of high impact rating. In a comparative analysis between crowdsourced software testing and in-house testing, it is found that crowd testing has numerous advantages when it comes to efficiency, user heterogeneity, and cost-effectiveness.  The study indicates that intermediaries play a key role in managing the connection between the crowd and crowdsourcing companies despite various challenges. A comparison between novice testers and expert testers reveals that both the two have their unique capabilities in their respective domains.  

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